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Devi Kausar

Universitas Pancasila, Faculty of Tourism, Faculty Member

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Address: Tangerang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

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Noel B. Salazar

KU Leuven

C. Michael Hall

University of Canterbury/Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha

Professor Dimitrios Buhalis

Bournemouth University

University of California, Berkeley

Kansas State University

University of the Basque Country, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

University of Salento

Laurajane Smith

The Australian National University

University of Algarve

University of Massachusetts Amherst

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Papers by Devi Kausar

Setting priorities for public–private collaborations in tourism disaster management planning

All Earth

Exploring Micro-Weddings Concepts: A Synergy of Values for VFR Tourism in Malaysia and Indonesia

Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal

Micro weddings have replaced large weddings during the Covid-19 pandemic. In a culture where wedd... more Micro weddings have replaced large weddings during the Covid-19 pandemic. In a culture where weddings celebration is significant, the foregoing of VFR, music, traditional foods, and gifts are considered a huge sacrifice for both the host and guests. The pandemic has forced the number of attendees to be reduced, from only online participation to a micro wedding. This study analyses a celebrated event for Muslims in two Southeast Asian countries: Indonesia and Malaysia. It explores the guest perceptions, expectations, satisfaction, and experiences during the event. A qualitative method utilizing thematic analysis generated four themes: functional, social, price, and emotional values. Keywords: Micro-wedding; pandemic; perceived value; guest experience eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–revi...

Analysis of Information Search Behaviour Based on The Age of Indonesian Outbound Traveler

Global Research on Tourism Development and Advancement

This study aims to determine trends in choosing information channels and conducting overseas trav... more This study aims to determine trends in choosing information channels and conducting overseas travel activities with a focus on "Analysis of Information Search Behaviour based on the age of Indonesian Overseas Tourist”. The factors tested in this study are information source search behavior that influences the choice and ease of access chosen as Univariate Variables with classification based on the age of Indonesian tourists planning to go abroad. The research design used is a quantitative approach. The population in this study is the Indonesian population who will plan an overseas trip represented by 200 samples. The technique is nonprobability sampling with non-probability sampling methods, through purposive sampling. The analytical method used is the analysis of the use of Pie chart and the F test (anova analysis). The results showed that there were no differences in the average information source search behavior that influenced the choice and ease of access chosen based on t...

Warisan Budaya, Pariwisata dan Pembangunan di Muarajambi, Sumatra

Journal of Tourism Destination and Attraction, Nov 1, 2013

This paper is part of a preliminary study on the potentials and problems in the development of he... more This paper is part of a preliminary study on the potentials and problems in the development of heritage tourism as a rural and regional development strategy in Muarajambi. It aims to present the various dynamics in the relationship between tourism, cultural heritage, and development through Muarajambi's case. This study uses qualitative data obtained through field observations, interviews, secondary data collection and literature studies. It concludes that the development of certain economic sectors within the heritage area causes disruption to heritage conservation and limits heritage tourism development. The study suggests that the area must be declared as heritage conservation area through appropriate legal framework and that clear coordination mechanism between central and local governments that aim toward conserving heritage for communities' welfare should be realized.

Linking Interpretations with Amenities: Educating Visitors in Volcanic Environments

Volcanoes and/or its nearby areas have been major tourism attractions in Indonesia, such as the h... more Volcanoes and/or its nearby areas have been major tourism attractions in Indonesia, such as the highland of Kaliurang in Yogyakarta that lies in proximity to one of the world’s most active volcanoes, Merapi Volcano; the town of Brastagi on the foot of Sinabung Volcano in North Sumatra; the still active Bromo Volcano in East Java and Tangkubanperahu Volcano in West Java. Most of these areas have high visitation, which presents challenges for area managers to consider these temporary visitors in the risk management strategies related to the potential hazards of the volcanoes and visitor safety. However, at the same time the high visitation also offers opportunities for the government to educate visitors and tourists about volcanoes and the need to protect natural resources in the volcanic environment, as well as volcano risk disaster mitigation through the interpretation facilities. This paper aims to to explore relations between related agencies in the management of tourism attraction located in volcanic environment and examine risk management strategies, in particular those related to ensuring visitors’ safety. This study also aims to explore the needs and opportunities to educate visitors and tourists about volcanoes, their significance and risks through interpretation facilities.

The Economic Impact of International Tourism to Overcome the Unemployment and the Poverty in Indonesia

Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 2017

The tourism sector has an important role in the Indonesia economy for the income resources, to cr... more The tourism sector has an important role in the Indonesia economy for the income resources, to create a job and to decrease the poverty. The research objective is to evaluate the factors impact of tourism Indonesia economy and give the government policy to overcome unemployment and poverty. He statements of problem in this research is to answer the current problem in Indonesia to decrease the number of unemployment and poverty through in increasing the tourist sector. Using the econometric model, the relationship among of the variables will have impact to other variable as unemployment, poverty when is given shock to any variable in tourist sector. The result research (1) the increasing consumption price index 10% will increase inbound tourist of Singapore, Australia is followed the expenditure and other impact increasing the poverty and unemployment, cost of hajj. (2) the increasing of the exchange rate 10 % will increase inbound tourist of Malaysia, Japan but decrease from Singapo...

How could Management of Borobudur World Heritage Site be Enhanced for Improving Tourism Impact for the Community ? : A Preliminary Comparison with Angkor World Heritage Site

... The aims were to understand participants&#x27; perceptions of tourism development in the ... more

Socio-economic Impacts of Heritage Tourism on Its Locality : A Case Study of Borobudur Temple Compounds World Heritage Site, Central Java

Pengembangan Strategi Bisnis Ekowisata Yang Berkelanjutan

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Waste Management, 2020

This research was conducted to combine the potential ecological conditions with the business mode... more This research was conducted to combine the potential ecological conditions with the business model of Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango (TNGGP). Objectives: The goal of this research is to recomend the ecotourism bussiness strategy that combines with principles of sustainable development in the TNGGP. The research design was descriptive and analyzed by SWOT analysis. The recomended business strategies are strictly guardhouse supervision, for climbers are not allowed to cut, burn, move ar damage the natural beauty of TNGGP enviroment, vandalism and littering prohibited, camp in predetermined place and oriented the visitor how do ecotourism properly and correctly. The strategy can be applied with maximize the efforts to prevent the natural ecology and aesthetics damage, reduce water pollution around TNGGP, improve visitor behavior and their awareness not to damage the TNGGP area, enhance the role of communities around TNGGP in order to improve community welfare.

Tracing the relevance of Borobudur for socio- economic development through tourism

Developing Tourism Industry and Host Community Resilience through Crisis and Disaster Management Planning

This paper aims at assessing the impact of crisis and disasters to the communities involved in to... more This paper aims at assessing the impact of crisis and disasters to the communities involved in tourism and the tourism industry, and at identifying gaps that should be addressed for better crisis and disaster management. The research employs interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) as its data collection methods. Two disaster-prone destinations were chosen for this study, one in Yogyakarta Province and the other in Bali Province. It is revealed that tourism planning in disasterprone destinations has not involved all parties whose roles are important in disaster mitigation. Proactive measures are still limited. Communication problems in tourism crises and disasters are also crucial to be reorganized.

The Impact of Inflation, Exchange Rate toward Unemployment and Poverty in Indonesia. Case Study of Small and Medium Enterprises at the Tourists’ Area of Lombok

Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 2017

The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of inflation and the weakening of the rupiah ... more The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of inflation and the weakening of the rupiah exchange rate against US$ toward the level of poverty and unemployment as well as the development of small entrepreneurs. This study uses quantitative and qualitative research methods. The results are as follows: (1) There is significant effect of inflation rate, exchange rate, economic growth and average wages on poverty; (2) There is significant effect of the inflation rate and the average wage on poverty in urban areas; (3) There is significant effect of inflation rate, exchange rate, economic growth and average wages on poverty in rural areas; (4) There is significant effect of inflation rate, exchange rate and unemployment on unemployment assuming fixed wage; (5) There is no significant effect of inflation rate and exchange rate on unemployment with no fixed wage assumption. The findings of qualitative analysis are as the following: (1) The welfare of both business owners and artis...

Rethinking the Role of World Heritage Sites in Development : Cases of Cultural Sites in Indonesia and Cambodia

This paper aims to explore the role of World Heritage Sites (WHS) in development, especially thro... more This paper aims to explore the role of World Heritage Sites (WHS) in development, especially through tourism. It discusses issues and challenges encountered by Indonesia and Cambodia in the utilization of cultural resources for development, namely Borobudur Temple in Central Java, Indonesia, and Angkor Archaeological Park in Siem Reap, Cambodia. There are three main matters discussed in the paper: (1) the socio-economic impacts of tourism that is generated by WHS; (2) how the sites could be managed to ensure benefits for communities; and (3) the dynamic of global – local interactions in World Heritage Site.

Aplikasi Safe Travel dalam Mempengaruhi Keputusan Pengguna Berwisata ke Luar Negeri

The Safe Travel app is an application developed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republi... more The Safe Travel app is an application developed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, which contains practical information to assist Indonesian citizens when they are abroad. The application also gives suggestions and warnings regarding the country that the users are in, to ensure their safety whilst on the trip. Using tourism mobile application concept, the purpose of this research is to describe the features of Safe Travel app and investigate how the application influences the decision to travel among its users. The study used survey as means for data collection method and 60 respondents participated in the survey. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the data collected. The findings indicate that navigation, social communication, marketing, emergency, transactions and entertainment variable do not influence the decision to travel abroad. Meanwhile, information variable has a positive effect on the decision to travel.

Managing heritage tourism in Toraja: strengthening local values and improving tourists’ experiences

Journal of Heritage Tourism, 2017

ABSTRACT Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, is a tourist destination known best for its ethnicity... more ABSTRACT Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, is a tourist destination known best for its ethnicity and was one of the main tourist destinations in Indonesia during the 1990s. Since 2011, the government has again designated Toraja a priority strategic tourism area in its national tourism development plan. This case study describes opportunities for, and issues associated with, heritage tourism in Toraja and explores community perspectives on tourism. The fieldwork data and secondary data were used in preparing the detailed plan for the National Tourism Strategic Area of Toraja (KSPN Toraja). The opportunities for heritage tourism in Toraja include, among others, an emerging Asian market, better transport access to the region, and central government resources and programs to complement those of the local government. The core issues of local community concern include the need to conserve Torajan heritage and to strengthen local values; develop and nurture culture alongside tourism; balance heritage conservation with tourism; and the need for better interpretation to convey local wisdom to enhance the visitor experience.

Socio-economic impacts of tourism on a world heritage site : case study of rural Borobudur, Indonesia

This study focuses on Borobudur Temple Compounds World Heritage Site (WHS) and the surrounding ru... more This study focuses on Borobudur Temple Compounds World Heritage Site (WHS) and the surrounding rural area in Central Java, Indonesia. It aims to (1) investigate socioeconomic impacts of heritage tourism from local community's point of view; and (2) explore factors, which are affecting the generation of socioeconomic impacts for the community. Through survey research targeting local people, focus group interviews and key informants interviews, this study tried to investigate socioeconomic impacts of heritage tourism from local community's point of view. The study then explores factors that have been affecting socioeconomic impacts of heritage tourism in Borobudur. It classified these factors into three different contexts, i.e. local, national, and international context. The local context consists of the local environment (socio-demography and area characteristics) and management of WHS and heritage tourism (organizations involved in the management and their interrelationships , management process); the national context encompasses tourism policy and the existing legal frameworks on tourism and WHS; and the international context consists of the role of relevant organizations, such as UNESCO, the nomination process and the dynamics of World Heritage discourse, i.e. evolving concepts relevant to local development in the past years and how they are implemented so that WHS can give more benefit to development at the local level. Using data collection methods such as interviews with organizations involved in the management of WHS and its vicinity, expert interviews, secondary data analysis, the second research objective, which is to explore factors affecting the generation of socioeconomic impacts for the community, is carried out. By combining the research conducted at the community level and the many influencing factors, the study intend to explain the socioeconomic impacts at the community level in light of the management or governing process of the WHS and its vicinity, the institutional arrangement as well as the interactions between organizations, and in the context of policy-which is reflected in the current legal framework influencing the site. This study finds that heritage tourism in Borobudur had contributed quite significantly to local government's tax revenue and to growing services and tourism related sectors' shares into Gross Regional Domestic Products within Borobudur District. Tourism has also stimulated the development of infrastructure in the area and has provided business opportunities over the years. However, the study also found that there have been limited positive impacts of heritage tourism ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my deep gratitude to Professor Yoshiaki Nishikawa, my main advisor, for his guidance, supervision, and support whilst undertaking this research. Professor Nishikawa has always encouraged me to keep my spirit high in times of difficulties during the course of my study. Special thanks also to Professor Yoshihiko Nishimura, who often through critical questions has helped me to improve my research and make it more meaningful. Professor Hiroshi Osada, who always provided supports in a special way. I found that although my interaction with Professor Osada was too short, I could always count on him for advice and guidance. In the later part of my three years in the doctoral program, I am honoured to have Professor Kimiaki Takahashi as one of my advisors. I thank him for the enlightening discussions about social research that has contributed to the improvement of this dissertation. I am also indebted to Assistant Professor Mark Rebuck for generous English proofreading and editing that have really improved my work. This research would not have been possible without the help of Ms. Titin Fatimah at Kyoto University and Dr. Amiluhur Soeroso and Dr. Laretna Adishakti of Gadjah Mada University for sharing invaluable information regarding the research site. Mr. Yunus Arbi and Ms. Winarni from the Directorate General of History and Archaeology, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, for allowing me to interview them. Mr. Marsis Sutopo from the Borobudur Heritage Conservation Institute. Mr. Masanori Nagaoka, Culture Programme Specialist, and his staff at the UNESCO Office, Jakarta. From the local government of Magelang Regency: Mr. Utoyo, the Secretary of Local Government; Mr. Wibowo Setyo Utomo, the Head of Tourism and Culture Office; Mr. Chairiel Wasthonny, Head of the Regional Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) and his staff, Mr. Pantjaraningtyas Putrato; and the staff at the Regional Income Office. I thank all of them for the time they spared me for the interview sessions and for all the secondary data they kindly provided me. From PT Taman Wisata Candi Borobudur, Prambanan, and Ratu Boko, I would like to thank Mr. Guntur Poernomo and Mr. Jamari, key staff during the period of 2008, and Ms. v Retno Hardiasiwi, Personnel and General Affairs Director, member of the new board of directors in 2009. I am indebted to the people of Borobudur who welcomed me and was willing to participate in the surveys and focus group interviews. In particular, I would like to thank Hatta and Jack Priyana of JAKER (Borobudur Tourism Workers Association); Ian and everyone at the Candirejo Tourism Village Cooperatives; Mr. Maladi, Head of the Borobudur Village; and Wahyu, my research assistant during the surveys. I thank also the people who have helped me with logistic arrangement for the fieldworks: Mr. Nyoman and Mr. Warno, Ms. Ayu Aditya and Ms. Dita. Special thanks to my Indonesian friends in Nagoya and my friends at the Rural and Regional Development Seminar: Do My Hien, Koji, Kusuma, Shanti, Erin and others who I cannot mention one by one. Wawan Juswanto, a fellow Indonesian, who shared the same start and finale with me at the GSID. I thank Daiko Foundation and Japan Student Services Organization (JASSO) for providing scholarships during some stages of my study. Yagami Sensei, Okada Sensei and Sano Sensei, teachers at Ikatsu Elementary School; also Kuwahara Sensei, Sano Sensei, Iguchi Sensei and Kato Sensei, teachers at Showa-Sho Hoikuen; who have provided me and my husband with a sense of comfort knowing that our two sons would be in good hands while we spent the hours at the Nagoya University. Finally, I am grateful to my wonderful husband, Agustan who always supported and convinced me that I could overcome the challenges of being a mom and a doctoral student at the same time. Our sons Almukantar Fikriansyah and Alnair Lapatiroi who have made my life so colorful. My father, Dr. Kausar Ali Saleh, and mother, Iesye Kausar, for all their support and prayers. Also to my sister, Ria and her lovely family. I am also grateful to my father, mother, sisters and brothers in law in Makassar and all families in Jakarta, Lampung, Bogor, Makassar, and Bone, for all your supports and prayers for us. vi

The Effect of Engagement in Online Social Network on Susceptibility to Influence

Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 2015

The effect of consumer participation in online social networking activities on their susceptibili... more The effect of consumer participation in online social networking activities on their susceptibility to influence is investigated in a context of restaurant consumption. This research identified a positive relationship between consumers engagement in social networking sites (SNS) on their susceptibility to global consumption influence, which is a multidimensional factor consisting of conformity to trend, social prestige, and quality perception. Furthermore, consumer engagement in SNS and susceptibility to global consumption influence positively affect social influence on SNS. That is, consumers with higher participation in SNS are more prone to global consumer convergence and peer influence on SNS. As implications for tourism and hospitality businesses, strategies to manage consumer-to-consumer communication on social media are suggested.

Culture, People and Technology: The Driving Forces for Tourism Cities Proceedings of 8th ITSA Biennial Conference 2020

This is the proceedings of the 8th Biennial Conference of the International Tourism Studies Assoc... more

The Preferences of Indonesian Outbound Tourists Toward Travel Types and Tourism Attributes

Proceedings of the Proceedings of The First International Conference on Global Innovation and Trends in Economy, InCoGITE, 7 November 2019, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia, 2020

Outbound tourists in Indonesia showing increasement every year, so it is very appealing to know t... more Outbound tourists in Indonesia showing increasement every year, so it is very appealing to know the preference of Indonesian tourists in travelling abroad. This study investigates on the preferences of Indonesian tourist, following to the travel types and tourism attributes by Cohen and Mill. The purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of the types and evaluations of Indonesian outbound tourists. The survey conducted by using questionnaire to 200 Indonesian tourists. Factor analysis applied to reduce total of 11 travel types items and 23 tourism attributes items consisting of general conditions at the destination as well as accommodation and transportation, become a more basic factor. The result shows that the travel types of Indonesian outbound tourists fall into the category of organized mass-tourist. While the hospitality, facilities and transportation become an important tourism attributes. Travel types and tourism attributes also have a significant and positive correlation one another.

Collaborative conservation on small islands

Setting priorities for public–private collaborations in tourism disaster management planning

All Earth

Exploring Micro-Weddings Concepts: A Synergy of Values for VFR Tourism in Malaysia and Indonesia

Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal

Micro weddings have replaced large weddings during the Covid-19 pandemic. In a culture where wedd... more Micro weddings have replaced large weddings during the Covid-19 pandemic. In a culture where weddings celebration is significant, the foregoing of VFR, music, traditional foods, and gifts are considered a huge sacrifice for both the host and guests. The pandemic has forced the number of attendees to be reduced, from only online participation to a micro wedding. This study analyses a celebrated event for Muslims in two Southeast Asian countries: Indonesia and Malaysia. It explores the guest perceptions, expectations, satisfaction, and experiences during the event. A qualitative method utilizing thematic analysis generated four themes: functional, social, price, and emotional values. Keywords: Micro-wedding; pandemic; perceived value; guest experience eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–revi...

Analysis of Information Search Behaviour Based on The Age of Indonesian Outbound Traveler

Global Research on Tourism Development and Advancement

This study aims to determine trends in choosing information channels and conducting overseas trav... more This study aims to determine trends in choosing information channels and conducting overseas travel activities with a focus on "Analysis of Information Search Behaviour based on the age of Indonesian Overseas Tourist”. The factors tested in this study are information source search behavior that influences the choice and ease of access chosen as Univariate Variables with classification based on the age of Indonesian tourists planning to go abroad. The research design used is a quantitative approach. The population in this study is the Indonesian population who will plan an overseas trip represented by 200 samples. The technique is nonprobability sampling with non-probability sampling methods, through purposive sampling. The analytical method used is the analysis of the use of Pie chart and the F test (anova analysis). The results showed that there were no differences in the average information source search behavior that influenced the choice and ease of access chosen based on t...

Warisan Budaya, Pariwisata dan Pembangunan di Muarajambi, Sumatra

Journal of Tourism Destination and Attraction, Nov 1, 2013

This paper is part of a preliminary study on the potentials and problems in the development of he... more This paper is part of a preliminary study on the potentials and problems in the development of heritage tourism as a rural and regional development strategy in Muarajambi. It aims to present the various dynamics in the relationship between tourism, cultural heritage, and development through Muarajambi's case. This study uses qualitative data obtained through field observations, interviews, secondary data collection and literature studies. It concludes that the development of certain economic sectors within the heritage area causes disruption to heritage conservation and limits heritage tourism development. The study suggests that the area must be declared as heritage conservation area through appropriate legal framework and that clear coordination mechanism between central and local governments that aim toward conserving heritage for communities' welfare should be realized.

Linking Interpretations with Amenities: Educating Visitors in Volcanic Environments

Volcanoes and/or its nearby areas have been major tourism attractions in Indonesia, such as the h... more Volcanoes and/or its nearby areas have been major tourism attractions in Indonesia, such as the highland of Kaliurang in Yogyakarta that lies in proximity to one of the world’s most active volcanoes, Merapi Volcano; the town of Brastagi on the foot of Sinabung Volcano in North Sumatra; the still active Bromo Volcano in East Java and Tangkubanperahu Volcano in West Java. Most of these areas have high visitation, which presents challenges for area managers to consider these temporary visitors in the risk management strategies related to the potential hazards of the volcanoes and visitor safety. However, at the same time the high visitation also offers opportunities for the government to educate visitors and tourists about volcanoes and the need to protect natural resources in the volcanic environment, as well as volcano risk disaster mitigation through the interpretation facilities. This paper aims to to explore relations between related agencies in the management of tourism attraction located in volcanic environment and examine risk management strategies, in particular those related to ensuring visitors’ safety. This study also aims to explore the needs and opportunities to educate visitors and tourists about volcanoes, their significance and risks through interpretation facilities.

The Economic Impact of International Tourism to Overcome the Unemployment and the Poverty in Indonesia

Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 2017

The tourism sector has an important role in the Indonesia economy for the income resources, to cr... more The tourism sector has an important role in the Indonesia economy for the income resources, to create a job and to decrease the poverty. The research objective is to evaluate the factors impact of tourism Indonesia economy and give the government policy to overcome unemployment and poverty. He statements of problem in this research is to answer the current problem in Indonesia to decrease the number of unemployment and poverty through in increasing the tourist sector. Using the econometric model, the relationship among of the variables will have impact to other variable as unemployment, poverty when is given shock to any variable in tourist sector. The result research (1) the increasing consumption price index 10% will increase inbound tourist of Singapore, Australia is followed the expenditure and other impact increasing the poverty and unemployment, cost of hajj. (2) the increasing of the exchange rate 10 % will increase inbound tourist of Malaysia, Japan but decrease from Singapo...

How could Management of Borobudur World Heritage Site be Enhanced for Improving Tourism Impact for the Community ? : A Preliminary Comparison with Angkor World Heritage Site

... The aims were to understand participants&#x27; perceptions of tourism development in the ... more

Socio-economic Impacts of Heritage Tourism on Its Locality : A Case Study of Borobudur Temple Compounds World Heritage Site, Central Java

Pengembangan Strategi Bisnis Ekowisata Yang Berkelanjutan

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Waste Management, 2020

This research was conducted to combine the potential ecological conditions with the business mode... more This research was conducted to combine the potential ecological conditions with the business model of Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango (TNGGP). Objectives: The goal of this research is to recomend the ecotourism bussiness strategy that combines with principles of sustainable development in the TNGGP. The research design was descriptive and analyzed by SWOT analysis. The recomended business strategies are strictly guardhouse supervision, for climbers are not allowed to cut, burn, move ar damage the natural beauty of TNGGP enviroment, vandalism and littering prohibited, camp in predetermined place and oriented the visitor how do ecotourism properly and correctly. The strategy can be applied with maximize the efforts to prevent the natural ecology and aesthetics damage, reduce water pollution around TNGGP, improve visitor behavior and their awareness not to damage the TNGGP area, enhance the role of communities around TNGGP in order to improve community welfare.

Tracing the relevance of Borobudur for socio- economic development through tourism

Developing Tourism Industry and Host Community Resilience through Crisis and Disaster Management Planning

This paper aims at assessing the impact of crisis and disasters to the communities involved in to... more This paper aims at assessing the impact of crisis and disasters to the communities involved in tourism and the tourism industry, and at identifying gaps that should be addressed for better crisis and disaster management. The research employs interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) as its data collection methods. Two disaster-prone destinations were chosen for this study, one in Yogyakarta Province and the other in Bali Province. It is revealed that tourism planning in disasterprone destinations has not involved all parties whose roles are important in disaster mitigation. Proactive measures are still limited. Communication problems in tourism crises and disasters are also crucial to be reorganized.

The Impact of Inflation, Exchange Rate toward Unemployment and Poverty in Indonesia. Case Study of Small and Medium Enterprises at the Tourists’ Area of Lombok

Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 2017

The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of inflation and the weakening of the rupiah ... more The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of inflation and the weakening of the rupiah exchange rate against US$ toward the level of poverty and unemployment as well as the development of small entrepreneurs. This study uses quantitative and qualitative research methods. The results are as follows: (1) There is significant effect of inflation rate, exchange rate, economic growth and average wages on poverty; (2) There is significant effect of the inflation rate and the average wage on poverty in urban areas; (3) There is significant effect of inflation rate, exchange rate, economic growth and average wages on poverty in rural areas; (4) There is significant effect of inflation rate, exchange rate and unemployment on unemployment assuming fixed wage; (5) There is no significant effect of inflation rate and exchange rate on unemployment with no fixed wage assumption. The findings of qualitative analysis are as the following: (1) The welfare of both business owners and artis...

Rethinking the Role of World Heritage Sites in Development : Cases of Cultural Sites in Indonesia and Cambodia

This paper aims to explore the role of World Heritage Sites (WHS) in development, especially thro... more This paper aims to explore the role of World Heritage Sites (WHS) in development, especially through tourism. It discusses issues and challenges encountered by Indonesia and Cambodia in the utilization of cultural resources for development, namely Borobudur Temple in Central Java, Indonesia, and Angkor Archaeological Park in Siem Reap, Cambodia. There are three main matters discussed in the paper: (1) the socio-economic impacts of tourism that is generated by WHS; (2) how the sites could be managed to ensure benefits for communities; and (3) the dynamic of global – local interactions in World Heritage Site.

Aplikasi Safe Travel dalam Mempengaruhi Keputusan Pengguna Berwisata ke Luar Negeri

The Safe Travel app is an application developed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republi... more The Safe Travel app is an application developed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, which contains practical information to assist Indonesian citizens when they are abroad. The application also gives suggestions and warnings regarding the country that the users are in, to ensure their safety whilst on the trip. Using tourism mobile application concept, the purpose of this research is to describe the features of Safe Travel app and investigate how the application influences the decision to travel among its users. The study used survey as means for data collection method and 60 respondents participated in the survey. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the data collected. The findings indicate that navigation, social communication, marketing, emergency, transactions and entertainment variable do not influence the decision to travel abroad. Meanwhile, information variable has a positive effect on the decision to travel.

Managing heritage tourism in Toraja: strengthening local values and improving tourists’ experiences

Journal of Heritage Tourism, 2017

ABSTRACT Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, is a tourist destination known best for its ethnicity... more ABSTRACT Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, is a tourist destination known best for its ethnicity and was one of the main tourist destinations in Indonesia during the 1990s. Since 2011, the government has again designated Toraja a priority strategic tourism area in its national tourism development plan. This case study describes opportunities for, and issues associated with, heritage tourism in Toraja and explores community perspectives on tourism. The fieldwork data and secondary data were used in preparing the detailed plan for the National Tourism Strategic Area of Toraja (KSPN Toraja). The opportunities for heritage tourism in Toraja include, among others, an emerging Asian market, better transport access to the region, and central government resources and programs to complement those of the local government. The core issues of local community concern include the need to conserve Torajan heritage and to strengthen local values; develop and nurture culture alongside tourism; balance heritage conservation with tourism; and the need for better interpretation to convey local wisdom to enhance the visitor experience.

Socio-economic impacts of tourism on a world heritage site : case study of rural Borobudur, Indonesia

This study focuses on Borobudur Temple Compounds World Heritage Site (WHS) and the surrounding ru... more This study focuses on Borobudur Temple Compounds World Heritage Site (WHS) and the surrounding rural area in Central Java, Indonesia. It aims to (1) investigate socioeconomic impacts of heritage tourism from local community's point of view; and (2) explore factors, which are affecting the generation of socioeconomic impacts for the community. Through survey research targeting local people, focus group interviews and key informants interviews, this study tried to investigate socioeconomic impacts of heritage tourism from local community's point of view. The study then explores factors that have been affecting socioeconomic impacts of heritage tourism in Borobudur. It classified these factors into three different contexts, i.e. local, national, and international context. The local context consists of the local environment (socio-demography and area characteristics) and management of WHS and heritage tourism (organizations involved in the management and their interrelationships , management process); the national context encompasses tourism policy and the existing legal frameworks on tourism and WHS; and the international context consists of the role of relevant organizations, such as UNESCO, the nomination process and the dynamics of World Heritage discourse, i.e. evolving concepts relevant to local development in the past years and how they are implemented so that WHS can give more benefit to development at the local level. Using data collection methods such as interviews with organizations involved in the management of WHS and its vicinity, expert interviews, secondary data analysis, the second research objective, which is to explore factors affecting the generation of socioeconomic impacts for the community, is carried out. By combining the research conducted at the community level and the many influencing factors, the study intend to explain the socioeconomic impacts at the community level in light of the management or governing process of the WHS and its vicinity, the institutional arrangement as well as the interactions between organizations, and in the context of policy-which is reflected in the current legal framework influencing the site. This study finds that heritage tourism in Borobudur had contributed quite significantly to local government's tax revenue and to growing services and tourism related sectors' shares into Gross Regional Domestic Products within Borobudur District. Tourism has also stimulated the development of infrastructure in the area and has provided business opportunities over the years. However, the study also found that there have been limited positive impacts of heritage tourism ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my deep gratitude to Professor Yoshiaki Nishikawa, my main advisor, for his guidance, supervision, and support whilst undertaking this research. Professor Nishikawa has always encouraged me to keep my spirit high in times of difficulties during the course of my study. Special thanks also to Professor Yoshihiko Nishimura, who often through critical questions has helped me to improve my research and make it more meaningful. Professor Hiroshi Osada, who always provided supports in a special way. I found that although my interaction with Professor Osada was too short, I could always count on him for advice and guidance. In the later part of my three years in the doctoral program, I am honoured to have Professor Kimiaki Takahashi as one of my advisors. I thank him for the enlightening discussions about social research that has contributed to the improvement of this dissertation. I am also indebted to Assistant Professor Mark Rebuck for generous English proofreading and editing that have really improved my work. This research would not have been possible without the help of Ms. Titin Fatimah at Kyoto University and Dr. Amiluhur Soeroso and Dr. Laretna Adishakti of Gadjah Mada University for sharing invaluable information regarding the research site. Mr. Yunus Arbi and Ms. Winarni from the Directorate General of History and Archaeology, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, for allowing me to interview them. Mr. Marsis Sutopo from the Borobudur Heritage Conservation Institute. Mr. Masanori Nagaoka, Culture Programme Specialist, and his staff at the UNESCO Office, Jakarta. From the local government of Magelang Regency: Mr. Utoyo, the Secretary of Local Government; Mr. Wibowo Setyo Utomo, the Head of Tourism and Culture Office; Mr. Chairiel Wasthonny, Head of the Regional Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) and his staff, Mr. Pantjaraningtyas Putrato; and the staff at the Regional Income Office. I thank all of them for the time they spared me for the interview sessions and for all the secondary data they kindly provided me. From PT Taman Wisata Candi Borobudur, Prambanan, and Ratu Boko, I would like to thank Mr. Guntur Poernomo and Mr. Jamari, key staff during the period of 2008, and Ms. v Retno Hardiasiwi, Personnel and General Affairs Director, member of the new board of directors in 2009. I am indebted to the people of Borobudur who welcomed me and was willing to participate in the surveys and focus group interviews. In particular, I would like to thank Hatta and Jack Priyana of JAKER (Borobudur Tourism Workers Association); Ian and everyone at the Candirejo Tourism Village Cooperatives; Mr. Maladi, Head of the Borobudur Village; and Wahyu, my research assistant during the surveys. I thank also the people who have helped me with logistic arrangement for the fieldworks: Mr. Nyoman and Mr. Warno, Ms. Ayu Aditya and Ms. Dita. Special thanks to my Indonesian friends in Nagoya and my friends at the Rural and Regional Development Seminar: Do My Hien, Koji, Kusuma, Shanti, Erin and others who I cannot mention one by one. Wawan Juswanto, a fellow Indonesian, who shared the same start and finale with me at the GSID. I thank Daiko Foundation and Japan Student Services Organization (JASSO) for providing scholarships during some stages of my study. Yagami Sensei, Okada Sensei and Sano Sensei, teachers at Ikatsu Elementary School; also Kuwahara Sensei, Sano Sensei, Iguchi Sensei and Kato Sensei, teachers at Showa-Sho Hoikuen; who have provided me and my husband with a sense of comfort knowing that our two sons would be in good hands while we spent the hours at the Nagoya University. Finally, I am grateful to my wonderful husband, Agustan who always supported and convinced me that I could overcome the challenges of being a mom and a doctoral student at the same time. Our sons Almukantar Fikriansyah and Alnair Lapatiroi who have made my life so colorful. My father, Dr. Kausar Ali Saleh, and mother, Iesye Kausar, for all their support and prayers. Also to my sister, Ria and her lovely family. I am also grateful to my father, mother, sisters and brothers in law in Makassar and all families in Jakarta, Lampung, Bogor, Makassar, and Bone, for all your supports and prayers for us. vi

The Effect of Engagement in Online Social Network on Susceptibility to Influence

Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 2015

The effect of consumer participation in online social networking activities on their susceptibili... more The effect of consumer participation in online social networking activities on their susceptibility to influence is investigated in a context of restaurant consumption. This research identified a positive relationship between consumers engagement in social networking sites (SNS) on their susceptibility to global consumption influence, which is a multidimensional factor consisting of conformity to trend, social prestige, and quality perception. Furthermore, consumer engagement in SNS and susceptibility to global consumption influence positively affect social influence on SNS. That is, consumers with higher participation in SNS are more prone to global consumer convergence and peer influence on SNS. As implications for tourism and hospitality businesses, strategies to manage consumer-to-consumer communication on social media are suggested.

Culture, People and Technology: The Driving Forces for Tourism Cities Proceedings of 8th ITSA Biennial Conference 2020

This is the proceedings of the 8th Biennial Conference of the International Tourism Studies Assoc... more

The Preferences of Indonesian Outbound Tourists Toward Travel Types and Tourism Attributes

Proceedings of the Proceedings of The First International Conference on Global Innovation and Trends in Economy, InCoGITE, 7 November 2019, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia, 2020

Outbound tourists in Indonesia showing increasement every year, so it is very appealing to know t... more Outbound tourists in Indonesia showing increasement every year, so it is very appealing to know the preference of Indonesian tourists in travelling abroad. This study investigates on the preferences of Indonesian tourist, following to the travel types and tourism attributes by Cohen and Mill. The purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of the types and evaluations of Indonesian outbound tourists. The survey conducted by using questionnaire to 200 Indonesian tourists. Factor analysis applied to reduce total of 11 travel types items and 23 tourism attributes items consisting of general conditions at the destination as well as accommodation and transportation, become a more basic factor. The result shows that the travel types of Indonesian outbound tourists fall into the category of organized mass-tourist. While the hospitality, facilities and transportation become an important tourism attributes. Travel types and tourism attributes also have a significant and positive correlation one another.

Collaborative conservation on small islands

Perception of Domestic Tourists toward Maimun Palace

ASEAN Tourism Research Conference, 2018

This study aims to analyse the perception of domestic tourists toward Maimun Palace in Medan as a... more This study aims to analyse the perception of domestic tourists toward Maimun Palace in Medan as a cultural heritage tourists’ attraction, their motivation and expectation, and their perception after the visit. It can be summarized that they are motivated by the history and architecture of the palace. However, the perception after visiting differ from the first expectation, as historical objects are not really well- maintained. The visitors however feel they can still learn about the history through the guides.
Key words: cultural heritage, attraction, Maimun Palace, perception

The Art of Making Batik Garutan An Exploratory Study of Its Potential as Tourism Product

ASEAN Tourism Research Conference, 2017

Garut, a town in West Java, Indonesia is a tourists’ destination famous for its numerous hot spri... more Garut, a town in West Java, Indonesia is a tourists’ destination famous for its numerous hot springs. It is also one of areas where southwest Javanese batik is produced. Batik, a traditional textile art of Indonesia, comes in various style, including Batik Garutan or batik produced in Garut. This study aims to study the potential of Batik Garutan as tourism product. This research, which uses a product development approach, observes the potentials of Batik Garutan industry in view of the educational value it can offer to visitors and how the art of making the cloth can be developed and promoted as tour packages. Using qualitative methods such as observation and interview, the preliminary findings of this research show that the producers were quite enthusiastic of the possibility of being more involved in tourism by offering batik-related tour packages. However, lack of experiences resulted in limited knowhow on how to create these packages. Based on observations and interviews with batik producers, this research attempts to develop initial products designs emphasizing on cultural experience. However, this research also revealed variations among batik producers in terms of human resource capability, and the capacity and quality of facilities, that should be addressed to achieve quality products.
Key words: batik, Garut, tour packages, product development

Community-based Tourism and Conservation in Muarajambi Temple, Indonesia

by Devi Kausar and Jonathan Zilberg

Assessing the Role of Museum of Indonesia as a Visitors Attraction Using Total Economic Value

Model Pengembangan Ekowisata (Perdesaan) sebagai Bagian dari Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan

Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat melalui Pengembangan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah dalam Konteks Pariwisata dan Pelestarian Budaya

Book Chapter: Perencanaan Pemasaran Pariwisata

Buku Pemasaran Pariwisata, 2020

Langkah-langkah dalam proses penyusunan perencanaan pemasaran

Culture, People and Technology: The Driving Forces for Tourism Cities - Proceedings of 8th ITSA Biennial Conference 2020

by James Kennell, I Made Adhi Gunadi, and Devi Kausar

ITSA conference proceedings, 2020

This book contains the proceedings of the 8th Biennial Conference of the International Tourism St... more

Culture, People and Technology: The Driving Forces for Tourism Cities – Proceedings of 8th ITSA Biennial Conference 2020

by I Made Adhi Gunadi and Devi Kausar

Proceedings of 8th ITSA Biennial Conference, 2020

Editor : I Made Adhi Gunadi Devi Roza Kausar Riza Firmansyah James Kennell ISSN : 2517–1488 (pri... more