Books by Clemens Gantner
After Charlemagne: Carolingian Italy and its Rulers, 2020
This edited volume is the result of a conference organized
in the framework of the ERC-AdG Proje... more This edited volume is the result of a conference organized
in the framework of the ERC-AdG Project SCIRE (Social Cohesion, Identity, and Religion in Europe, 400-1200 CE). This book offers comprehensive overviews of the meaning of Romanness in most (former) Roman provinces, complemented by a number of comparative and thematic studies. A similarly wide-ranging overview has not been available so far.
![Research paper thumbnail of Italy in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages [ILAEMA]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58339370/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Italy in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages, 2019
A Call for submissions and contributions to the new Amsterdam University Press series Italy in La... more A Call for submissions and contributions to the new Amsterdam University Press series Italy in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages [ILAEMA] on behalf of the Editorial Board.
This new series encourages researchers in the field to submit proposals for monographs/books/works on all aspects of culture, life and history in Italy throughout the Late Antique and Early Medieval period inclusive of Ostrogothic Italy [489-562]; Lombard Italy [568-774]; Carolingian Italy [774-888] and the so-called period of the National Kingdom [888-962] in the North and centre of the peninsula together with all those areas associated with the East Roman/Byzantine Empire. Coverage does not exclude Sicily, Sardinia or Corsica.
For further information, please follow this link: https://www.aup.nl/en/series/italy-in-late-antiquity-and-the-early-middle-ages
You can download my book for free at: https://e-book.fwf.ac.at/view/o:552
The papal construct... more You can download my book for free at: https://e-book.fwf.ac.at/view/o:552
The papal construction of alterity in the eighth and ninth century
In the course of the eighth and ninth centuries, the papacy had to deal with a multitude of Others, especially with other peoples, partly in connection with its strife to enlarge its secular power. The popes were thus right in the middle of the political events on the Apennine peninsula.
The dissertation makes use of the extant papal letters of the period and of the Roman Liber Pobtificalis. The bulk of papal letters transmitted from the eighth century stems from the so called Codex Carolinus. This collection is preserved in the codex Vienna, CVP 449. It contains a selection of some 100 papal letters to the Carolingians from 739 to 792. The transmission of letters from the ninth century is far more dispersed; the big complexes are to be found in the extract from the register of John VIII, and, with reserves, the so called Collectio Britannica.
Three cases have been analyzed more closely in the thesis, each of them representing a relationship that in one way or another has had a special impact on the papacy of our period. The first case deals with the papal relations to the empire in the eighth century. This is maybe the most complex case, because Rome was still part of that empire until c. 776 and the papacy saw itself as part of the empire for a long time. Only from the 750ies onwards, the popes began to implement quite consequent Othering against the emperor and the core of the empire in the east in their writings, which they mainly achieved by labeling those Others as Greci.
The next case examined more closely is that of the Lombards. As opposed to the Greci, it was never difficult for the papacy to portray the Lombards as Others. However, cooperation and conflict took turns in this relationship for more frequently than modern historiography often has us believe. The case of the Lombard king Desiderius provides a very good example: At first he was praised in Roman sources, only to be vilified in unprecendented manner a few years later in a papal letter. However, just one year later he was called excellentissimus filius noster, “our most excellent son” by the very same Pope Stephen III. The Franks are in some respects a quite similar case, because it was initially easy to present them as Others – hence they are dealt with in a joint part of the book with the Lombards. From 754 onwards, the Carolingian Franks were the most important allies of the papacy, which is why it was all the more important for the popes to keep them at a convenient distance. They were not integrated into the papal in-group during the eighth century.
The last case then ventures into the ninth century. It is dedicated to the one conflict with Others that had the greatest impact in the papacy in this century – the conflict with the Saracens. In 846, a Saracens group attacked Rome and plundered the city outside of the walls, especially the important shrines of St Peter and St Paul. This shocking event led to a fundamental change of the papal self-perception and of the papal theological position on warfare. For one, fighters who were killed in battle against “pagans” were more and more styled as martyrs. For another, the popes tried far stronger to integrate the South Italian Lombards and other powerful fiefdoms of that region, who had (to various degrees) been designated as Others for a long time by then. This case alone illustrates that the perception of Others could never be absolute but always has to be understood in relation to different Others. Thus in comparison with the Saracens, all other inhabitants of Italy were closer to the popes.
This volume analyses the importance of history, the textual resources of the past and the integra... more This volume analyses the importance of history, the textual resources of the past and the integration of Christian and imperial Rome into the cultural memory of early medieval Europe within the wider question of identity formation. The case studies in this book shed new light on the process of codification and modification of cultural heritage in the light of the transmission of texts and the extant manuscript evidence from the early middle ages. The authors demonstrate how particular texts and their early medieval manuscript representatives in Italy, Francia, Saxony and Bavaria not only reflect ethnic, social and cultural identities but themselves contributed to the creation of identities, gave meaning to social practice, and were often intended to inspire, guide, change, or prevent action, directly or indirectly. These texts are shown to be part of a cultural effort to shape the present by restructuring the past.
Papers by Clemens Gantner
‘Otherness’ in the Middle Ages, 2021
In the course of the eighth and ninth centuries, the papacy had to deal with a multitude of Other... more In the course of the eighth and ninth centuries, the papacy had to deal with a multitude of Others, especially with other peoples. The popes were right in the middle of the political events on the Apennine peninsula. The dissertation makes use of the extant papal letters of the period and of the Roman Liber Pontificalis. Three cases have been chosen for the thesis, each of them representing a relationship that in one way or another has had a special impact on the papacy of our period. The first case deals with the papal relations to the empire in the eighth century. This is maybe the most complex case, because Rome was still part of that empire until c. 776. Only from the 750ies onwards, the popes began to implement quite consequent Othering against the empire in the east, which they mainly achieved by labeling those Others as Greci. The second case-study examines the case of the Lombards. As opposed to the Greci, it was never difficult for the papacy to portray the Lombards as Othe...
Rosamond McKitterick a consacré sa vie scientifique à démontrer que le haut degré de culture auqu... more Rosamond McKitterick a consacré sa vie scientifique à démontrer que le haut degré de culture auquel les Carolingiens n'avaient cessé d'aspirer reflétait directement leur projet politique : qu'ils scrutent, critiquent ou s'approprient l'histoire impériale romaine, c'est toujours dans le but de justifier par un rapport intellectuel avec le passé un projet de société actuel. Comme l'écrit W. Pohl, la notion d'empire par exemple est travaillée vers 786-796 par Paul Diacre à travers son Histoire des Lombards dans le but de la présenter comme une réalité toujours vivante qui attend l'empereur capable d'en prendre la tête : « L'empire était une ressource du passé qui pouvait avoir un futur 1 ». Cette ligne fondamentale, initialement nourrie par la découverte de la literacy des sociétés du haut Moyen Âge, rencontre dans Resources of the Past les travaux de l'école de Vienne (Walter Pohl, Helmut Reimitz) sur la fabrique de la communauté : puisque la théorie ethnogénétique affirme que les barbares se sont constitués comme peuples dans le partage de récits communs, l'écriture de l'histoire, puis toute écriture, peut être analysée comme le moyen privilégié de faire corps. L'écriture, qui trace une ligne claire entre « eux » et « nous », comme toute relecture d'ampleur du passé qui sollicite l'adhésion des contemporains, doit être analysée comme le processus intégrateur majeur des sociétés altimédiévales. Dans ce volume collectif, deux modulations The Resources of the Past in Early Medieval Europe, éd. Clemens Gantner, Rosa... Cahiers de recherches médiévales et humanistes , Comptes-rendus
Elina Screen, Charles West (ed.), Writing the Early Medieval West. Studies in Honour of Rosamond ... more Elina Screen, Charles West (ed.), Writing the Early Medieval West. Studies in Honour of Rosamond McKitterick, Cambridge (Cambridge University Press) 2018, XVI–316 p., 8 fig., 6 tab., ISBN 978-1-107-19839-5, EUR 75,00.
Freunde Roms und Völker der Finsternis, 2014
Freunde Roms und Völker der Finsternis, 2014
Freunde Roms und Völker der Finsternis, 2014
Freunde Roms und Völker der Finsternis, 2014
Freunde Roms und Völker der Finsternis, 2014
Freunde Roms und Völker der Finsternis, 2014
The Journal of Hellenic Studies, 2015
Ethnicity and Religion in Early Medieval Europe, 2013
In the Early Medieval West, it seems to have been highly usual to refer to the inhabitants and th... more In the Early Medieval West, it seems to have been highly usual to refer to the inhabitants and the representatives of the remaining Roman Empire as Greeks, Greci . That perception seems to have been consolidated at the beginning of the eighth century in large parts of Europe. However, in the city of Rome, which was by then dominated by the papacy, things were different: One had a very different relationship with the eastern provinces of the Empire – an empire that Rome was still part of. Seemingly, the reluctance to call citizens of the Empire ‘Greeks’ was related to a different attitude which was only set aside in the second half of the eighth century.
Die päpstliche Konstruktion von Anderen im 8. und 9. Jahrhundert
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Books by Clemens Gantner
For further information, please see: https://www.cambridge.org/at/academic/subjects/history/european-history-450-1000/after-charlemagne-carolingian-italy-and-its-rulers
in the framework of the ERC-AdG Project SCIRE (Social Cohesion, Identity, and Religion in Europe, 400-1200 CE). This book offers comprehensive overviews of the meaning of Romanness in most (former) Roman provinces, complemented by a number of comparative and thematic studies. A similarly wide-ranging overview has not been available so far.
This new series encourages researchers in the field to submit proposals for monographs/books/works on all aspects of culture, life and history in Italy throughout the Late Antique and Early Medieval period inclusive of Ostrogothic Italy [489-562]; Lombard Italy [568-774]; Carolingian Italy [774-888] and the so-called period of the National Kingdom [888-962] in the North and centre of the peninsula together with all those areas associated with the East Roman/Byzantine Empire. Coverage does not exclude Sicily, Sardinia or Corsica.
For further information, please follow this link: https://www.aup.nl/en/series/italy-in-late-antiquity-and-the-early-middle-ages
The papal construction of alterity in the eighth and ninth century
In the course of the eighth and ninth centuries, the papacy had to deal with a multitude of Others, especially with other peoples, partly in connection with its strife to enlarge its secular power. The popes were thus right in the middle of the political events on the Apennine peninsula.
The dissertation makes use of the extant papal letters of the period and of the Roman Liber Pobtificalis. The bulk of papal letters transmitted from the eighth century stems from the so called Codex Carolinus. This collection is preserved in the codex Vienna, CVP 449. It contains a selection of some 100 papal letters to the Carolingians from 739 to 792. The transmission of letters from the ninth century is far more dispersed; the big complexes are to be found in the extract from the register of John VIII, and, with reserves, the so called Collectio Britannica.
Three cases have been analyzed more closely in the thesis, each of them representing a relationship that in one way or another has had a special impact on the papacy of our period. The first case deals with the papal relations to the empire in the eighth century. This is maybe the most complex case, because Rome was still part of that empire until c. 776 and the papacy saw itself as part of the empire for a long time. Only from the 750ies onwards, the popes began to implement quite consequent Othering against the emperor and the core of the empire in the east in their writings, which they mainly achieved by labeling those Others as Greci.
The next case examined more closely is that of the Lombards. As opposed to the Greci, it was never difficult for the papacy to portray the Lombards as Others. However, cooperation and conflict took turns in this relationship for more frequently than modern historiography often has us believe. The case of the Lombard king Desiderius provides a very good example: At first he was praised in Roman sources, only to be vilified in unprecendented manner a few years later in a papal letter. However, just one year later he was called excellentissimus filius noster, “our most excellent son” by the very same Pope Stephen III. The Franks are in some respects a quite similar case, because it was initially easy to present them as Others – hence they are dealt with in a joint part of the book with the Lombards. From 754 onwards, the Carolingian Franks were the most important allies of the papacy, which is why it was all the more important for the popes to keep them at a convenient distance. They were not integrated into the papal in-group during the eighth century.
The last case then ventures into the ninth century. It is dedicated to the one conflict with Others that had the greatest impact in the papacy in this century – the conflict with the Saracens. In 846, a Saracens group attacked Rome and plundered the city outside of the walls, especially the important shrines of St Peter and St Paul. This shocking event led to a fundamental change of the papal self-perception and of the papal theological position on warfare. For one, fighters who were killed in battle against “pagans” were more and more styled as martyrs. For another, the popes tried far stronger to integrate the South Italian Lombards and other powerful fiefdoms of that region, who had (to various degrees) been designated as Others for a long time by then. This case alone illustrates that the perception of Others could never be absolute but always has to be understood in relation to different Others. Thus in comparison with the Saracens, all other inhabitants of Italy were closer to the popes.
Papers by Clemens Gantner
For further information, please see: https://www.cambridge.org/at/academic/subjects/history/european-history-450-1000/after-charlemagne-carolingian-italy-and-its-rulers
in the framework of the ERC-AdG Project SCIRE (Social Cohesion, Identity, and Religion in Europe, 400-1200 CE). This book offers comprehensive overviews of the meaning of Romanness in most (former) Roman provinces, complemented by a number of comparative and thematic studies. A similarly wide-ranging overview has not been available so far.
This new series encourages researchers in the field to submit proposals for monographs/books/works on all aspects of culture, life and history in Italy throughout the Late Antique and Early Medieval period inclusive of Ostrogothic Italy [489-562]; Lombard Italy [568-774]; Carolingian Italy [774-888] and the so-called period of the National Kingdom [888-962] in the North and centre of the peninsula together with all those areas associated with the East Roman/Byzantine Empire. Coverage does not exclude Sicily, Sardinia or Corsica.
For further information, please follow this link: https://www.aup.nl/en/series/italy-in-late-antiquity-and-the-early-middle-ages
The papal construction of alterity in the eighth and ninth century
In the course of the eighth and ninth centuries, the papacy had to deal with a multitude of Others, especially with other peoples, partly in connection with its strife to enlarge its secular power. The popes were thus right in the middle of the political events on the Apennine peninsula.
The dissertation makes use of the extant papal letters of the period and of the Roman Liber Pobtificalis. The bulk of papal letters transmitted from the eighth century stems from the so called Codex Carolinus. This collection is preserved in the codex Vienna, CVP 449. It contains a selection of some 100 papal letters to the Carolingians from 739 to 792. The transmission of letters from the ninth century is far more dispersed; the big complexes are to be found in the extract from the register of John VIII, and, with reserves, the so called Collectio Britannica.
Three cases have been analyzed more closely in the thesis, each of them representing a relationship that in one way or another has had a special impact on the papacy of our period. The first case deals with the papal relations to the empire in the eighth century. This is maybe the most complex case, because Rome was still part of that empire until c. 776 and the papacy saw itself as part of the empire for a long time. Only from the 750ies onwards, the popes began to implement quite consequent Othering against the emperor and the core of the empire in the east in their writings, which they mainly achieved by labeling those Others as Greci.
The next case examined more closely is that of the Lombards. As opposed to the Greci, it was never difficult for the papacy to portray the Lombards as Others. However, cooperation and conflict took turns in this relationship for more frequently than modern historiography often has us believe. The case of the Lombard king Desiderius provides a very good example: At first he was praised in Roman sources, only to be vilified in unprecendented manner a few years later in a papal letter. However, just one year later he was called excellentissimus filius noster, “our most excellent son” by the very same Pope Stephen III. The Franks are in some respects a quite similar case, because it was initially easy to present them as Others – hence they are dealt with in a joint part of the book with the Lombards. From 754 onwards, the Carolingian Franks were the most important allies of the papacy, which is why it was all the more important for the popes to keep them at a convenient distance. They were not integrated into the papal in-group during the eighth century.
The last case then ventures into the ninth century. It is dedicated to the one conflict with Others that had the greatest impact in the papacy in this century – the conflict with the Saracens. In 846, a Saracens group attacked Rome and plundered the city outside of the walls, especially the important shrines of St Peter and St Paul. This shocking event led to a fundamental change of the papal self-perception and of the papal theological position on warfare. For one, fighters who were killed in battle against “pagans” were more and more styled as martyrs. For another, the popes tried far stronger to integrate the South Italian Lombards and other powerful fiefdoms of that region, who had (to various degrees) been designated as Others for a long time by then. This case alone illustrates that the perception of Others could never be absolute but always has to be understood in relation to different Others. Thus in comparison with the Saracens, all other inhabitants of Italy were closer to the popes.
Review of: Peter Heather: The Restoration of Rome. Barbarian Popes and Imperial Pretenders, London: Macmillan 2013, in: sehepunkte 14 (2014), Nr. 10 [15.10.2014], URL: http://www.sehepunkte.de/2014/10/23931.html
Review of: Clara Harder, Pseudoisidor und das Papsttum. Funktion und Bedeutung des apostolischen Stuhls in den pseudoisidorischen Fälschungen, Köln, Weimar, Wien (Böhlau) 2014, 290 S. (Papsttum im mittelalterlichen Europa, 2), ISBN 978-3-412-22338-0, in: Francia Recensio 2015,4, http://www.perspectivia.net/publikationen/francia/francia-recensio.
Review of: Bronwen Neil / Matthew W. Dal Santo (eds.): A Companion to Gregory the Great, Leiden / Boston: Brill 2013, in: sehepunkte 16 (2016), Nr. 9 [15.09.2016], URL: http://www.sehepunkte.de/2016/09/25112.html
Review of: Rachel Stone / Charles West (eds.): Hincmar of Rheims. Life and work, Manchester: Manchester University Press 2015, in: sehepunkte 16 (2016), Nr. 9 [15.09.2016], URL: http://www.sehepunkte.de/2016/09/27534.html
In all religions, in the medieval West as in the East, ideas about the past, the present and the future were shaped by expectations related to the End. The volumes Cultures of Eschatology explore the many ways apocalyptic thought and visions of the end intersected with the development of pre-modern religio-political communities, with social changes and with the emergence of new intellectual and literary traditions.
The two volumes present a wide variety of case studies from the early Christian communities of Antiquity, through the times of the Islamic expansion and the Crusades and up to modern receptions, from the Latin West to the Byzantine Empire, from South Yemen to the Hidden Lands of Tibetan Buddhism. Examining apocalypticism, messianism and eschatology in medieval Christian, Islamic, Hindu and Buddhist communities, the contributions paint a multi-faceted picture of End-Time scenarios and provide their readers with a broad array of source material from different historical contexts.
The first volume, Empires and Scriptural Authorities, examines the formation of literary and visual apocalyptic traditions, and the role they played as vehicles for defining a community’s religious and political enemies. The second volume, Time, Death and Afterlife, focuses on key topics of eschatology: death, judgment, afterlife and the perception of time and its end. It also analyses modern readings and interpretations of eschatological concepts.