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This paper comparatively studies the socio-politics of two ethnic minorities since the 1970s: African Americans in the United States and Gitanos of Spain. The comparison will survey the histories of oppression of both groups within their... more
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      Ethnic StudiesAfrican StudiesHispanismComparative Cultural Studies
Throughout history, the plights of two ethnic minorities have closely and uniquely mirrored each other. African Americans in the United States and the Roma, or Gitanos, of Spain are both visible minorities with half-millennium histories... more
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An anthology of over 100 personal narratives from students, faculty, and alumni of Phillips Academy published anonymously on issues of social identity, including a complementary pedagogy of facts, statistics, and discussion questions, and... more
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Despite sweeping fiscal austerity measures, as of 2017, Spain’s ten-year recovery from the worldwide Great Recession and housing market crash had remained slow. The national unemployment rate peaked at over 27 percent in 2013, and the... more
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      UnemploymentSpanish politicsSpainGreat Recession
Quaderni Communication, technologies, pouvoir 87 | Printemps 2015 L'aide au développement L'aide au développement à la veille de 2015 : évolutions stylisées d'une politique publique aux multiples facettes Development aid on the eve of... more
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      SociologyPolitical Science
Quick analysis of recent developments regarding ODA, in 2009 to Africa , after the financial crisis.
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    • Official Development Assistance (ODA)
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In 2005, the Member States of the European Union set themselves the target of spending 0.7% of their GNP on development aid, an exceptional commitment by the standards of the donor community. A quantitative analysis of European aid based... more
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    • History
L’aide publique au développement (APD) est mobilisée pour de plus en plus de négociations internationales dans la recherche de compromis entre pays riches et pays en développement. Pourtant, son histoire est relativement méconnue. Elle... more
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      Political ScienceAfrique contemporaine
LEGITIMACY Despite the two disadvantages of being intertwined with colonial policy, and of addressing far-off targets, official development assistance grew into a global policy in order to establish its local legitimacy. INSPIRATION The... more
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      GlobalizationPolitical ScienceCities and globalization/Global citiesHistory of Institution
The opinions expressed in this chapter are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the position of AFD. It is therefore published under the sole responsibility of its author. This work owes very much to Véronique Dimier and... more
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    • Political Science
Development assistance can be in kind, in the form of loans or grants. At the end of the XXth century, bilateral aid through loans was changing under the effect of a binding consultation process carried out within the OECD. After... more
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      International RelationsDevelopment StudiesInternational TradeInternational Finance
Quelle expertise à l'international pour répondre aux défis de 2030 ? Évolutions en France et à l'étranger Résumé L'expertise est examinée au sens de la coopération internationale, comme transfert de compétence financé par l'aide au... more
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How to deal with the growing diversity of development assistance institutions ?
This paper describes their universe, elaborating on historical characteristics and patterns of approaches.
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      International RelationsDevelopment StudiesInternational institutionsOfficial Development Assistance (ODA)
* François Pacquement est spécialiste des questions de développement. Après avoir servi au Trésor, à la Commission européenne et aux Affaires étrangères, il a rejoint l'Agence française de développement (AFD). Il a travaillé sur l'aide au... more
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    • Afrique contemporaine
Development assistance may be in kind, in the form of loans or grants. Bilateral aid by loans is evolving as a result of binding consultations within the OECD between donor countries. After recalling the foundations of this institution... more
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      OECDGrantsTrade LiberalizationCredit
During the second half of the 1990s, ODA decreased, especially in Least developed countries and Africa. In this context, in 1999, this paper draws attention to four factors that might prompt technical decisions without consideration for... more
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      AfricaEuropean UnionBalkansExternal Debt