HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Atelier « Apprendre la Pensée Informatique de la Maternelle à l'Université », dans le cadre de la conférence Environnements Informatiques pour l'Apprentissage Humain (EIAH), 2021
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
redistribute this paper in full or in part, you need to provide proper attribution to it to ensur... more redistribute this paper in full or in part, you need to provide proper attribution to it to ensure that others can later locate this work (and to ensure that others do not accuse you of plagiarism). You may (and we encourage you to) adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any non-commercial purposes. This license does not permit you to use this material for commercial purposes.
"Sacrificial dilemmas" are the scenarios typically used to study moral judgment and human moralit... more "Sacrificial dilemmas" are the scenarios typically used to study moral judgment and human morality. However, these dilemmas have been criticized regarding their lack of ecological validity. The COVID-19 pandemic offers a relevant context to further examine individuals' moral judgment and choice of action with more realistic sacrificial dilemmas. Using this context, the purpose of the present study is to investigate how moral responses are influenced by the contextualization of the dilemma (i.e., contextualized or not within the Covid-19 pandemic). By comparing two versions of one dilemma, Experiment 1 revealed that the more realistic version (the one contextualized within the Covid-19 pandemic) did not elicit more utilitarian responses than the less realistic version (the one not contextualized within the Covid-19 pandemic). In Experiment 2, we examined more specifically whether both the perceived realism of the dilemma and the plausibility of a utilitarian action influence moral responses. Results confirmed that the contextualization of the dilemma does not make any difference in moral responses. However, the plausibility of an action appears to exert an influence on the choice of action. Indeed, participants were more inclined to choose the utilitarian action in the plausible action versions than in the implausible action versions of the dilemma. Overall, these results shed light on the importance for future research of using mundane and dramatic realistic dilemmas displaying full information regarding a sacrificial action and its consequences.
S FOR SPOKEN PAPERS (Alphabetical by first author) (see separate sections for plenaries and sympo... more S FOR SPOKEN PAPERS (Alphabetical by first author) (see separate sections for plenaries and symposia) An analysis of the quality of AutoTutor’s student modeling algorithms Patrick Chipman Psychology Department, University of Memphis [email protected] Intelligent tutoring systems can only provide proper pedagogy when their student models accurately ascertain student knowledge. I tested the student model in the current version of AutoTutor, which combines both Latent Semantic Analysis and a form of Content Word Overlap, using a set of expertrated student answers to physics questions and their ideal answers. Preliminary results indicate that the combination of both algorithms correlates with expert ratings equivalently to LSA alone, but better than CWO alone. Dialogue capability and perceptual realism in survey interviewing agents Frederick G. Conrad 1 and Michael F. Schober 2 1 Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan 2 New School for Social Research [email protected]....
This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service... more This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Highlights Links between sensory processing, adaptive behaviours, and attention skills in children with autism spectrum disorder are investigate. High prevalence of atypical sensory processing in children with autism spectrum disorder are found. A significant impact of sensory abnormalities on adaptive behaviour is found. Interrelations between sensory processing and attention skills are found. The current literature is too limited to definitively conclude the direction of these interactions.
Children’s understanding of the emotional dimension of a story : With or without drawing ?
This study explored whether the understanding of the emotional dimension of a story could be enha... more This study explored whether the understanding of the emotional dimension of a story could be enhanced by asking children to produce expressive drawings. Six to 10 years old children listened to stories and were then asked to judge statements dealing with the characters emotions. Only half of the children were invited to produce expressive drawings while listening to the stories. Results indicated that the drawing task indeed helped younger children to answer emotional statements.
Understanding and drawing sadness, anger and fear: The importance of the trigger event of these emotions in stories
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the type of trigger event of an emotion (i.e., w... more The purpose of this study was to examine whether the type of trigger event of an emotion (i.e., weak versus strong) had an impact on children‘s abilities to infer a character‘s emotion (Blanc, 2010; Davidson, Luo & Burden, 2001) and to depict this emotion in their drawing (Brechet, 2013; Jolley, 2009). Three hundred and fifty four children aged between 6 and 10 participated in this study. We used three stories that evoked sadness, anger and fear through two kinds of trigger events (i.e., weak versus strong). For the drawing task, we used models of drawings representing characters of the story. For the identification task, we used three emoticons (i.e., sad, angry, frightened) and the symbol ―ϕ‖ for the choice ―other‖. Children listened to each story carefully. Each story was interrupted twice so that children can complete the drawing task: they had to depict on the character‘s face the emotion he was supposed to feel given the situation described in the story. Children were then ask...
Virtual reality for elderly with breast cancer: Usefulness and acceptance
Because virtual reality seems to be increasingly considered in different medical fields, the obje... more Because virtual reality seems to be increasingly considered in different medical fields, the objective of this study is to define the optimal conditions for its use in a population of elderly women with breast cancer. By using a questionnaire, we evaluated the interest but also the immersive aspirations and preferences of elderly women with regard to this innovative device, taking into account the possible changes with age (60-65 years; 66-69, 70 and over). Surprisingly, older people - whatever the age group - are particularly favorable to virtual reality without actually having experienced it. The patients primarily chose immersion in a natural environment (with a marked preference for mountain landscapes) accompanied by musical background or even guided relaxation. However, because they judged important to remain focused on the treatments, the patients especially expect VR to regulate their negative emotions (lowering anxiety) and to allow them to escape from the painful contingen...
Le Conditionnement Évaluatif : un effet polymorphe interprété au sein d’une approche intégrative à multiples processus
L’Année psychologique, 2014
ABSTRACT L’effet de Conditionnement Évaluatif (CE) réfère au changement évaluatif d’un stimulus i... more ABSTRACT L’effet de Conditionnement Évaluatif (CE) réfère au changement évaluatif d’un stimulus initialement neutre, à l’issue de l’expérience de celui-ci en relation avec un stimulus affectivement signifiant. Les recherches menées sur le CE ont permis d’illustrer sa généralité tout en révélant nombre de résultats contradictoires. Ces divergences empiriques suggèrent, d’une part, que des distinctions sont à faire entre les effets de CE, et d’autre part, que des processus de différente nature puissent être en jeu selon les effets considérés. Cette revue de questions propose de considérer les effets de CE directs et indirects comme des points d’un même continuum, et soumet une interprétation théorique de ces différents effets dans le cadre d’une approche intégrative àmultiples processus particularisée par : 1. la fonction conférée aux processus associatifs et élaboratifs, envisagés sous-tendre le CE ; 2. la relation entre ces processus ; et 3. la nature des contenus mémorisés. Les déterminants situationnels susceptibles d’agir sur le type d’effet manifesté seront également discutés dans le cadre de l’approche théorique soutenue.
Comprendre un texte: l'évaluation des processus cognitifs
Aller au restaurant, naviguer sur internet, se deplacer en voiture... toutes les activites de la ... more Aller au restaurant, naviguer sur internet, se deplacer en voiture... toutes les activites de la vie quotidienne exigent que l'on sache lire et interpreter des informations delivrees sous la forme ecrite. Au-dela meme du plaisir de lecture d'un roman, d'un journal, ou des exigences d'un examen, c'est l'integration de chaque individu dans la societe qui depend de sa capacite a comprendre des informations ecrites. Or, un enfant sur quatre presente des difficultes de comprehension a l'entree en classe de 6e. Cet ouvrage aborde la question determinante des processus cognitifs impliques dans cette activite mentale. Qu'est-ce que comprendre ? Comment evaluer la comprehension d'un texte ? Personne ne comprend un meme texte de la meme facon: chacun l'abordera differemment en fonction de son histoire, sa culture, ses connaissances, ses objectifs... Apres un bref historique des recherches menees dans ce domaine d'investigation de la cognition, cet ouvrage decrit precisement les outils qui permettent d'evaluer la comprehension, de reperer les erreurs du lecteur, et d'interpreter les representations qu'il se construit au fil du texte. Les methodes presentees sont simples et faciles a mettre en pratique. Elles se revelent particulierement efficaces pour identifier au plus pres les difficultes de comprehension chez l'enfant comme chez l'adulte. Elles sont un outil precieux pour le psychologue, le chercheur, mais aussi pour le therapeute et l'enseignant. Un ouvrage accessible et complet, au coeur du debat sur l'enseignement et les difficultes scolaires.
Recents studies have demonstrated how useful and funda- mental psychological aspects such as peop... more Recents studies have demonstrated how useful and funda- mental psychological aspects such as people Personality Traits and Emotions are during human decision-making process. Some research towards the identification and model of user's Emotions have been done by Aective Computing researchers, however Personality Traits have been quite neglected. The World Wide Web is an enormous source of products and services available for people. There is a huge eort done by scientists towards the creation of eective strategies to per- sonalize those products/services for each people interested in using them. By storing Personality Traits in User Profiles we intend to enable Recommender Systems in order to de- duce more interesting recommendations for users acting pro- actively to oer them products/services as a consequence of a prediction of their future needs and behaviors. To fill this gap, in this work, we propose the interpretation, modeling, formalization, storing and application of Pers...
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Atelier « Apprendre la Pensée Informatique de la Maternelle à l'Université », dans le cadre de la conférence Environnements Informatiques pour l'Apprentissage Humain (EIAH), 2021
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
redistribute this paper in full or in part, you need to provide proper attribution to it to ensur... more redistribute this paper in full or in part, you need to provide proper attribution to it to ensure that others can later locate this work (and to ensure that others do not accuse you of plagiarism). You may (and we encourage you to) adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any non-commercial purposes. This license does not permit you to use this material for commercial purposes.
"Sacrificial dilemmas" are the scenarios typically used to study moral judgment and human moralit... more "Sacrificial dilemmas" are the scenarios typically used to study moral judgment and human morality. However, these dilemmas have been criticized regarding their lack of ecological validity. The COVID-19 pandemic offers a relevant context to further examine individuals' moral judgment and choice of action with more realistic sacrificial dilemmas. Using this context, the purpose of the present study is to investigate how moral responses are influenced by the contextualization of the dilemma (i.e., contextualized or not within the Covid-19 pandemic). By comparing two versions of one dilemma, Experiment 1 revealed that the more realistic version (the one contextualized within the Covid-19 pandemic) did not elicit more utilitarian responses than the less realistic version (the one not contextualized within the Covid-19 pandemic). In Experiment 2, we examined more specifically whether both the perceived realism of the dilemma and the plausibility of a utilitarian action influence moral responses. Results confirmed that the contextualization of the dilemma does not make any difference in moral responses. However, the plausibility of an action appears to exert an influence on the choice of action. Indeed, participants were more inclined to choose the utilitarian action in the plausible action versions than in the implausible action versions of the dilemma. Overall, these results shed light on the importance for future research of using mundane and dramatic realistic dilemmas displaying full information regarding a sacrificial action and its consequences.
S FOR SPOKEN PAPERS (Alphabetical by first author) (see separate sections for plenaries and sympo... more S FOR SPOKEN PAPERS (Alphabetical by first author) (see separate sections for plenaries and symposia) An analysis of the quality of AutoTutor’s student modeling algorithms Patrick Chipman Psychology Department, University of Memphis [email protected] Intelligent tutoring systems can only provide proper pedagogy when their student models accurately ascertain student knowledge. I tested the student model in the current version of AutoTutor, which combines both Latent Semantic Analysis and a form of Content Word Overlap, using a set of expertrated student answers to physics questions and their ideal answers. Preliminary results indicate that the combination of both algorithms correlates with expert ratings equivalently to LSA alone, but better than CWO alone. Dialogue capability and perceptual realism in survey interviewing agents Frederick G. Conrad 1 and Michael F. Schober 2 1 Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan 2 New School for Social Research [email protected]....
This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service... more This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Highlights Links between sensory processing, adaptive behaviours, and attention skills in children with autism spectrum disorder are investigate. High prevalence of atypical sensory processing in children with autism spectrum disorder are found. A significant impact of sensory abnormalities on adaptive behaviour is found. Interrelations between sensory processing and attention skills are found. The current literature is too limited to definitively conclude the direction of these interactions.
Children’s understanding of the emotional dimension of a story : With or without drawing ?
This study explored whether the understanding of the emotional dimension of a story could be enha... more This study explored whether the understanding of the emotional dimension of a story could be enhanced by asking children to produce expressive drawings. Six to 10 years old children listened to stories and were then asked to judge statements dealing with the characters emotions. Only half of the children were invited to produce expressive drawings while listening to the stories. Results indicated that the drawing task indeed helped younger children to answer emotional statements.
Understanding and drawing sadness, anger and fear: The importance of the trigger event of these emotions in stories
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the type of trigger event of an emotion (i.e., w... more The purpose of this study was to examine whether the type of trigger event of an emotion (i.e., weak versus strong) had an impact on children‘s abilities to infer a character‘s emotion (Blanc, 2010; Davidson, Luo & Burden, 2001) and to depict this emotion in their drawing (Brechet, 2013; Jolley, 2009). Three hundred and fifty four children aged between 6 and 10 participated in this study. We used three stories that evoked sadness, anger and fear through two kinds of trigger events (i.e., weak versus strong). For the drawing task, we used models of drawings representing characters of the story. For the identification task, we used three emoticons (i.e., sad, angry, frightened) and the symbol ―ϕ‖ for the choice ―other‖. Children listened to each story carefully. Each story was interrupted twice so that children can complete the drawing task: they had to depict on the character‘s face the emotion he was supposed to feel given the situation described in the story. Children were then ask...
Virtual reality for elderly with breast cancer: Usefulness and acceptance
Because virtual reality seems to be increasingly considered in different medical fields, the obje... more Because virtual reality seems to be increasingly considered in different medical fields, the objective of this study is to define the optimal conditions for its use in a population of elderly women with breast cancer. By using a questionnaire, we evaluated the interest but also the immersive aspirations and preferences of elderly women with regard to this innovative device, taking into account the possible changes with age (60-65 years; 66-69, 70 and over). Surprisingly, older people - whatever the age group - are particularly favorable to virtual reality without actually having experienced it. The patients primarily chose immersion in a natural environment (with a marked preference for mountain landscapes) accompanied by musical background or even guided relaxation. However, because they judged important to remain focused on the treatments, the patients especially expect VR to regulate their negative emotions (lowering anxiety) and to allow them to escape from the painful contingen...
Le Conditionnement Évaluatif : un effet polymorphe interprété au sein d’une approche intégrative à multiples processus
L’Année psychologique, 2014
ABSTRACT L’effet de Conditionnement Évaluatif (CE) réfère au changement évaluatif d’un stimulus i... more ABSTRACT L’effet de Conditionnement Évaluatif (CE) réfère au changement évaluatif d’un stimulus initialement neutre, à l’issue de l’expérience de celui-ci en relation avec un stimulus affectivement signifiant. Les recherches menées sur le CE ont permis d’illustrer sa généralité tout en révélant nombre de résultats contradictoires. Ces divergences empiriques suggèrent, d’une part, que des distinctions sont à faire entre les effets de CE, et d’autre part, que des processus de différente nature puissent être en jeu selon les effets considérés. Cette revue de questions propose de considérer les effets de CE directs et indirects comme des points d’un même continuum, et soumet une interprétation théorique de ces différents effets dans le cadre d’une approche intégrative àmultiples processus particularisée par : 1. la fonction conférée aux processus associatifs et élaboratifs, envisagés sous-tendre le CE ; 2. la relation entre ces processus ; et 3. la nature des contenus mémorisés. Les déterminants situationnels susceptibles d’agir sur le type d’effet manifesté seront également discutés dans le cadre de l’approche théorique soutenue.
Comprendre un texte: l'évaluation des processus cognitifs
Aller au restaurant, naviguer sur internet, se deplacer en voiture... toutes les activites de la ... more Aller au restaurant, naviguer sur internet, se deplacer en voiture... toutes les activites de la vie quotidienne exigent que l'on sache lire et interpreter des informations delivrees sous la forme ecrite. Au-dela meme du plaisir de lecture d'un roman, d'un journal, ou des exigences d'un examen, c'est l'integration de chaque individu dans la societe qui depend de sa capacite a comprendre des informations ecrites. Or, un enfant sur quatre presente des difficultes de comprehension a l'entree en classe de 6e. Cet ouvrage aborde la question determinante des processus cognitifs impliques dans cette activite mentale. Qu'est-ce que comprendre ? Comment evaluer la comprehension d'un texte ? Personne ne comprend un meme texte de la meme facon: chacun l'abordera differemment en fonction de son histoire, sa culture, ses connaissances, ses objectifs... Apres un bref historique des recherches menees dans ce domaine d'investigation de la cognition, cet ouvrage decrit precisement les outils qui permettent d'evaluer la comprehension, de reperer les erreurs du lecteur, et d'interpreter les representations qu'il se construit au fil du texte. Les methodes presentees sont simples et faciles a mettre en pratique. Elles se revelent particulierement efficaces pour identifier au plus pres les difficultes de comprehension chez l'enfant comme chez l'adulte. Elles sont un outil precieux pour le psychologue, le chercheur, mais aussi pour le therapeute et l'enseignant. Un ouvrage accessible et complet, au coeur du debat sur l'enseignement et les difficultes scolaires.
Recents studies have demonstrated how useful and funda- mental psychological aspects such as peop... more Recents studies have demonstrated how useful and funda- mental psychological aspects such as people Personality Traits and Emotions are during human decision-making process. Some research towards the identification and model of user's Emotions have been done by Aective Computing researchers, however Personality Traits have been quite neglected. The World Wide Web is an enormous source of products and services available for people. There is a huge eort done by scientists towards the creation of eective strategies to per- sonalize those products/services for each people interested in using them. By storing Personality Traits in User Profiles we intend to enable Recommender Systems in order to de- duce more interesting recommendations for users acting pro- actively to oer them products/services as a consequence of a prediction of their future needs and behaviors. To fill this gap, in this work, we propose the interpretation, modeling, formalization, storing and application of Pers...
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