Papers by Céline Douilliez
Annales Medico-psychologiques, 2010
Ces dernières années, un nombre croissant de publications montrent l'intérêt et le besoin d'utili... more Ces dernières années, un nombre croissant de publications montrent l'intérêt et le besoin d'utiliser des pratiques et des directives evidencebased dans l'aide apportée aux toxicomanes. Celles-ci présentent une analogie avec le terme « evidence-based medicine » faisant référence à l'application d'interventions et de prescriptions médicales jugées efficaces et empiriquement fondées. Dans le cadre du « Programme de recherches d'appui à la note politique fédérale relative à la problématique de la drogue », une étude a été effectuée par l'Université d'Anvers (UA), l'Université de Gand (UGent) et le Centre de recherche en défense sociale (CRDS). Cet article met en évidence les difficultés et les recommandations, issues de cette recherche, pour une mise en application des pratiques evidence-based dans la prise en charge des toxicomanes. # 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés.
Personality and Individual Differences, 2011
Gaudreau and Thompson (2010) provided a 2 × 2 model of perfectionism that focuses on the interact... more Gaudreau and Thompson (2010) provided a 2 × 2 model of perfectionism that focuses on the interactive effect of two dimensions of perfectionism personal standards perfectionism (PSP) and evaluative concerns perfectionism (ECP) and distinguishes four sub-types of ...
European Review of Applied Psychology-revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee, 2011
Introduction. -Recent research has revealed that mindfulness training improves mental health and ... more Introduction. -Recent research has revealed that mindfulness training improves mental health and psychological functioning. Although several questionnaires have been developed to measure mindfulness, the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), . Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13, 27-45] is currently one of the most empiricallybased scale assessing mindfulness.
Emotion, 2006
The degree of specificity at which emotional information is activated might determine evoked emot... more The degree of specificity at which emotional information is activated might determine evoked emotional intensity. However, the nature of this effect remains unclear. Four studies tested (a) whether people hold the naïve theory that activating specific details of emotional information arouses acute feelings; (b) whether an emotionally distressed population (social phobics) also holds that theory; and (c) whether voluntarily focusing on specific aspects of a distressing situation reduces its emotional impact. Results indicate that control as well as emotionally distressed people hold a naïve theory that specifying emotion increases its intensity. However, Studies 3 and 4 showed that voluntarily elaborating specific aspects of a distressing situation reduces distress. Results are discussed in terms of voluntary versus automatic processing of emotional information.
Cognition & Emotion, 2011
This study examined the contribution of social anxiety to the evaluation of emotional facial stim... more This study examined the contribution of social anxiety to the evaluation of emotional facial stimuli, while controlling for the gender of participants and stimuli. Participants (n=63) completed two tasks: a single face evaluation task in which they had to evaluate angry versus neutral faces and, a facial crowd evaluation task in which they had to evaluate displays with a varying number of neutral and angry faces. In each task, participants had to evaluate the stimuli with respect to (a) the degree of disapproval expressed by the single face/crowd, and (b) the perceived difficulty of interacting with the face/crowd (emotional cost). Consistent with earlier studies, results showed that social anxiety modulated the evaluation of single faces for emotional cost, but not for disapproval ratings. In contrast, the evaluation of facial crowds was modulated by social anxiety on both ratings.
des troubles émotionnels et aux processus psychothérapeutiques, comme base d'intervention psychot... more des troubles émotionnels et aux processus psychothérapeutiques, comme base d'intervention psychothérapeutique dans une perspective cognitive et comportementale. Ce modèle postule que les processus émotionnels sont organisés par deux structures de représentation qui travaillent en parallèle : le système schématique et le système propositionnel. Le système schématique est constitué des associations récurrentes entre stimuli et réponses dans l'ensemble des expériences émotionnelles d'un individu. Ce système est régi par des processus automatiques et implicites. Le système propositionnel est constitué d'un ensemble de connaissances explicites, qui peut être représenté sous forme d'un réseau propositionnel. Cette base de données peut être exploitée volontairement par l'individu. Enfin, certains processus (les processus autonoétiques) permettent de faire le lien entre les deux systèmes. Le modèle bi-mnésique est ensuite appliqué à la pathologie des émotions. Un aspect de cette pathologie, la sur-activation dysfonctionnelle d'un schéma émotionnel, est examiné en détail : quels processus expliquent l'apparition et le maintien de telles sur-activations? Enfin, sur la base des modèles théoriques et étiologiques présentés, différentes pistes d'intervention sont proposées.
This chapter investigates how multilevel models of emotion contribute to our understanding of the... more This chapter investigates how multilevel models of emotion contribute to our understanding of the cognitive mechanisms that regulate emotion. A theoretical framework, attempting to synthesize different multilevel cognitive models of emotion is presented. This framework distinguishes between different types of processes and structures and shows how emotion and its regulation entail a complex interacting system, including automatic and controlled processes that converge in certain cases and diverge in other cases. The model also demonstrates how all important domains of cognition are recruited by emotion and its regulation: perception, attention, memory, decision making, and consciousness. Then, cognitive processes leading to emotion regulation are considered within that framework. Finally, empirical evidence for such processes is reviewed with a special focus on attention, autobiographical memory, and consciousness.
Neuroscience Letters, 2005
Anxiety is supposed to interfere with cognitive and emotional processing and high level of trait-... more Anxiety is supposed to interfere with cognitive and emotional processing and high level of trait-anxiety has been associated with an attentional bias for fearful faces, even in sub-clinical anxiety. On the basis of the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), twenty students were grouped as low vs. high anxious. Pictures from the Ekman and Friesen series were used in an event-related potentials study to investigate the neurophysiological correlates of the emotional processing of fear and happiness in sub-clinical anxiety. Subjects were confronted with a visual oddball design, in which they had to detect, as quickly as possible, deviant happy or fearful faces amongst a train of standard stimuli (neutral faces). Anxiety does not modify early perceptual (N100, P100, N170, VPP) or attentional (N2b) component, but later components are affected. Indeed, high anxious subjects are faster to detect deviant faces as suggested by earlier reaction times and P3b component. However, they show a reduced ability to process the emotional content of faces, this deficit being indexed by a decreased N300 component. Indeed, N300 is supposed to be particularly sensitive to affective features of stimuli rather than to physical characteristics. We propose that the earlier P3b observed in high anxious subjects could be interpreted as a way to overcome the deficient emotional appraisal by a more salient conscious processing.
Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2005
Attentional biases in the processing of threatening facial expressions in social anxiety are well... more Attentional biases in the processing of threatening facial expressions in social anxiety are well documented. It is generally assumed that these attentional biases originate in an evaluative bias: socially threatening information would be evaluated more negatively by socially anxious individuals. However, three studies have failed to evidence a negative evaluative bias in the processing of emotional facial expression (EFE) in socially anxious individuals. These studies however suffer from several methodological limitations that the present study has attempted to overcome. Twenty-one out-patients diagnosed with generalized social phobia have been compared to 20 out-patients diagnosed with another anxiety disorder and with 39 normal controls matched for gender, age and level of education. They had to decode on seven emotion intensity scales a set of 40 EFE whose intensity and emotional nature were manipulated. Although sufficient statistical power was ensured, no differences among groups could be found in terms of decoding accuracy, attributed emotion intensity, or reported difficulty of the task. Based on these findings as well as on other evidences, we propose that, if they exist, evaluative biases in social anxiety should be implicit and automatic and that they might be determined by the relevance of the stimulus to the person's concern rather than by the stimulus valence. The implications of these findings for the interpersonal processes involved in social phobia are discussed. r
Cognition & Emotion, 2012
This study examined the contribution of social anxiety to the evaluation of emotional facial stim... more This study examined the contribution of social anxiety to the evaluation of emotional facial stimuli, while controlling for the gender of participants and stimuli. Participants (n=63) completed two tasks: a single face evaluation task in which they had to evaluate angry versus neutral faces and, a facial crowd evaluation task in which they had to evaluate displays with a varying number of neutral and angry faces. In each task, participants had to evaluate the stimuli with respect to (a) the degree of disapproval expressed by the single face/crowd, and (b) the perceived difficulty of interacting with the face/crowd (emotional cost). Consistent with earlier studies, results showed that social anxiety modulated the evaluation of single faces for emotional cost, but not for disapproval ratings. In contrast, the evaluation of facial crowds was modulated by social anxiety on both ratings.
Abstract This chapter investigates how multilevel models of emotion contribute to our understandi... more Abstract This chapter investigates how multilevel models of emotion contribute to our understanding of the cognitive mechanisms that regulate emotion. A theoretical framework, attempting to synthesize different multilevel cognitive models of emotion is presented. This framework distinguishes between different types of processes and structures and shows how emotion and its regulation entail a complex interacting system, including automatic and controlled
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Papers by Céline Douilliez