Skip to main content

Ylber Sela

State University of Tetova, Law Faculty, Faculty Member

Followers

20

Following

15

Co-authors

9

Public Views

Phone: +38971313313
Address: Maksut Sadik 18B-8
1000 Skopje

less

Tanja Karakamisheva-Jovanovska

Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia

Sonja Stojadinovic

Valbona Hajretin

Daniela C Stoica

Fan S.Noli

Uppsala University

Kenneth Hyltenstam

Stockholm University

Albulena Halili

South East European University

Interests

Uploads

Papers by Ylber Sela

The right of use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia: The new draft law, its content, advancement and comparison

2017 UBT International Conference, Oct 28, 2017

The use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia has been a challenge especially af... more The use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia has been a challenge especially after the Ohrid Framework Agreement (OFA) in 2001. Before 2001, Albanian language was defined as an official language and was used only in private matters as well in primary and secondary education. With the OFA and Constitutional changes in 2002, the language that is spoken by 20% of the population in the country was defined as an official language, but it's application in practice was left to be regulated by e specific law. The law was adopted in 2008, 6 years after the constitutional changes. Now there is a new law proposed, which is supposed to regulate in more efficient way the use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia. With this paper, the authors are trying to answer some legal questions that has been debated in the country: firstly, is Albanian language official language and whether it is of a same level of application as Macedonian language; secondly, what are the novelties of the new draft law, and how the use of Albanian language is improved and advanced; thirdly, what are the practical challenges for the implementation of the new draft law. The authors of the paper will refer to international standards on use of languages as well as to relevant national legislation, as a tool to compare the new draft law in Macedonia.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jul 14, 2023

Rejection of Constitutional treaty and enlargement of EU to 27 member states drew highlights for ... more Rejection of Constitutional treaty and enlargement of EU to 27 member states drew highlights for the need of institutional reform of the Union. These reforms were important for the functioning of the EU. So, leaders of member states prepared a new treaty which will fulfill needed reforms in order to achieve the goals. Thus, in order to avoid the referendums, they decided to take out those parts of the rejected treaty and to continue forward with reformation of European Union. Lisbon treaty is designed to achieve these institutional reforms and to be more close to the citizens of EU member states. There are some institutional changes and other provisions that leads toward this goal. Also, it makes the Union more accountable and transparent. All these purposes are achieved through involvement of National Parliament, strengthening of European Parliament, giving to the citizens more involvement in EU decision-making through citizen's initiative. Now, we expect the positive results in practicing all these reforms that are included in the Lisbon Treaty.

European Union Legitimacy - Strengthening the EU legitimacy

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jul 14, 2023

Euroepan Union is an organisation considered by all as sui-generis, or supranational one. From it... more Euroepan Union is an organisation considered by all as sui-generis, or supranational one. From its establishment till now it faced differnet challenges. One of them is the legitimacy which started to be a strong challenger immediately after Maastricht treaty. At the same time the debate about it become huge where different scholars explained their thoughts on what changes should be done to the EU in order to make it more legitimate. Consequently, our goal in this paper is to approach to the debate on the EU legitimacy, to examine the ideas of some of the well-known scholars whose contribution in this topic is very much appreciated. Also, a great role in this direction plays the new Lisbon treaty which included some changes and a citizen's iniciative which are considered as a great step forward the legitimacy of the EU. The paper is closed up with a short summary of the Lisbon traty changes thet affect directly the debate on the EU legitimacy.

The European Union Politics in the Western Balkans

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jul 14, 2023

The Western Balkans is a politically, economically, and socially diverse region. It has severe st... more The Western Balkans is a politically, economically, and socially diverse region. It has severe structural development problems that are common in all parts of the region: visible signs of half a century of the socialist Yugoslav system followed by the loss of an entire decade in wars, sanctions, and the displacement of populations. The international factor and in particular the European Union , NATO and the United States were involved in the Western Balkans, motivated by security interests and an increase of their prestige, and have set as their goal the creation of long-lasting stability, peace, and prosperity. The European Union policy towards the region is based on the Stabilisation and Association Process launched in 1999, which has been successful in transforming Central and Eastern Europe. The purpose of the Stabilisation and Association Process is to bring peace, stability, and economic development in the region, and to open the perspective of integration in the European Union. Since the Thessaloniki Summit in June 2003, all Western Balkan countries have been confirmed as "potential candidates" for membership in the European Union. In order to facilitate the fulfillment of required criteria by the Western Balkan countries, the Council of Europe gathered in Thessaloniki in June 2003 and decided to create the so-called "European Partnership" instrument. This instrument seeks to identify the priorities of individual countries in meeting the membership criteria. Currently the Western Balkans is in the stabilisation stage with a peace process that is becoming stronger. The road towards integration in the Euro-Atlantic structures is within reach for the countries of the region, however, several challenges exist.

Languages and identities in North Macedonia: legal and political challenges to state formation

by Marina Andeva, Ylber Sela, and Lazo Matovski

PRIORITIES REDEFINED: NEW REALITIES AFTER THE UKRAINIAN CRISIS, 2022

This paper examines the legal and political challenges to state formation in North Macedonia thro... more This paper examines the legal and political challenges to state formation in North Macedonia through analyzing the language use and linguistic rights of ethnic communities in North Macedonia. At first the paper gives a historical overview of the modalities of language rights protection in the country before and after its independence in 1991. The paper focuses on an analysis of the legal implications of the current regulations of the use of languages in the country and discusses how they affect the identities of ethnic communities as opposed to the formation of the multilingual and multiethnic state of North Macedonia. An examination of the forms and instruments of tackling linguistic rights in the country is carried out by discussing the requests, needs and rights of all constitutionally recognized ethnic communities. This paper will present the analytical content research conducted by the authors on the topic.

Languages and identities in North Macedonia legal and political challenges to state formation

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 22, 2022

This paper examines the legal and political challenges to state formation in North Macedonia thro... more This paper examines the legal and political challenges to state formation in North Macedonia through analyzing the language use and linguistic rights of ethnic communities in North Macedonia. At first the paper gives a historical overview of the modalities of language rights protection in the country before and after its independence in 1991. The paper focuses on an analysis of the legal implications of the current regulations of the use of languages in the country and discusses how they affect the identities of ethnic communities as opposed to the formation of the multilingual and multiethnic state of North Macedonia. An examination of the forms and instruments of tackling linguistic rights in the country is carried out by discussing the requests, needs and rights of all constitutionally recognized ethnic communities. This paper will present the analytical content research conducted by the authors on the topic.

Challenge of the European Unionï¿½s Energy Security Approach

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics - RePEc, 2015

Lisbon Treaty

Academicus International Scientific Journal, 2010

Rejection of Constitutional treaty and enlargement of EU to 27 member states drew highlights for ... more Rejection of Constitutional treaty and enlargement of EU to 27 member states drew highlights for the need of institutional reform of the Union. These reforms were important for the functioning of the EU. So, leaders of member states prepared a new treaty which will fulfill needed reforms in order to achieve the goals. Thus, in order to avoid the referendums, they decided to take out those parts of the rejected treaty and to continue forward with reformation of European Union. Lisbon treaty is designed to achieve these institutional reforms and to be more close to the citizens of EU member states. There are some institutional changes and other provisions that leads toward this goal. Also, it makes the Union more accountable and transparent. All these purposes are achieved through involvement of National Parliament, strengthening of European Parliament, giving to the citizens more involvement in EU decision-making through citizen’s initiative. Now, we expect the positive results in pr...

Challenge of the European Union’s Energy Security Approach

by Bekim Maksuti and Ylber Sela

Academicus International Scientific Journal, 2015

Aim of this research is to answer if organizational commitment changes according to demografic fa... more Aim of this research is to answer if organizational commitment changes according to demografic factors. Inputs gained from 200 person sample group from banking sector. According to the analysis it is found that affective and continuance commitment increases with age and job experience, and all componenets of commitment increase according to time in the last job. With the results derived from analysis, research’s support to organizational theory is discussed and some advices put forward.

Using the Internet as a new educational tool: the case of Libri platform at Seeu

With the development of new technologies, the use of internet in education has become a necessity... more With the development of new technologies, the use of internet in education has become a necessity and a tool that can contribute in fulfillment of curriculum requirements as well as in communication between the lecturer and the students. The South East European University has developed its own Learning Management System named Libri and it can be accessed both by teachers and students via the internet. This platform is in line with the up to date trends in information systems and plays its role in the development of the educational system within the University. The gained experience in this field will be the main focus of our research. We will introduce and analyze the annual reports of the Quality Assurance and Management Office of the same University regarding the usage of Libri by students and teachers of the university. The used methodology will contain content analysis, comparative and analytical methods.

Multiculturalism in a ( Post ) Crisological Society : From Wrong Acception to a New Pluralistic Sociey-Building Approach

In the last few decades, multiculturalism, in Western countries, and in Macedonia since 2001 Ohri... more In the last few decades, multiculturalism, in Western countries, and in Macedonia since 2001 Ohrid Framework Agreement, has been frequently used in theoretical and public debates in the field of cultural policies in terms of whether there should be a stratification of cultures (dominant and secondary) or cultural relativism (every culture is important and deserves equal treatment). This paper, which comprises of a descriptive-analytical and empirical-quantitative part, aims at producing an objective overview of the perceptions of citizens of Kumanovo in relation to plural identities in this town, to the relations with the others, the otherness, communication, mutual trust, socio-economic conditions, the impact of indicators such as the media, politicians, education, family, etc., upon the ethnical cohabitation-frustration.The results of our field research (surveys, interviews) show that it is necessary to invest a lot more in building cultural bridges, in making citizens with libera...

Der Konflikt in Mazedonien

Eines der Hauptziele dieser Arbeit ist die Darstellung des interethnischen Konflikts und die zuku... more Eines der Hauptziele dieser Arbeit ist die Darstellung des interethnischen Konflikts und die zukunftige Perspektiven Mazedoniens bei einer Mitgliedschaft in der Europaischen Union aus verschiedener Sicht betrachtet: aus mazedonischer, albanischer und auslandischer Sicht. Es wird ein geschichtlicher Uberblick uber den Konflikt in Mazedonien gegeben, in dem versucht wird, die fortschreitende Trennung von Albanern und slawischen Mazedoniern zu erklaren. Hier werden auch die wichtigsten Ereignisse von 1990 bis Ende 2001 chronologisch aufgelistet. Es wird versucht klarzustellen, welche Forderungen die albanische Bevolkerung gegenuber dem Staat stellt und was die Erfullung dieser Forderungen fur die albanische Bevolkerung konkret bedeuten wurde. Abschliesend werden die Aussichten des Mazedoniens fur eine Mitgliedschaft in die Europaische Union und ihre langfristigen Perspektiven zusammengetragen. Von zentraler Bedeutung ist die Frage, wie sowohl die Albaner als auch die slawischen Mazedon...

The Fragmentation of the Ethnic Segments in Plural Societies –the Macedonian Case

European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research, 2015

In cases where different parts of society live in geographical proximity, but in social aspect se... more In cases where different parts of society live in geographical proximity, but in social aspect separated, the appearance of segmentation is one of the characteristics. Establishing the segments is done mainly on the ethnic grounds, but there are religious, linguistic, and racial based cases as well. Such a social phenomenon is present in Macedonia, wherein this phenomenon is more reflected in the relation between two major communities, the Macedonian and Albanian communities. If merely on social indicators researched so far, we can conclude that the ethnic communities are fragmented to a very high degree, that the same have no common ground, especially the one of political – party common ground. The previous conclusion is the presence of ethno-party pluralism. In this paperwork, in practical terms, our aim is to prove the high degree of fragmentation of ethnic segments in political action plan, respectively that of political party, as well as to determine the lines of expectations o...

Kosovar Society through Secularism and Religion

ILIRIA International Review, 2013

This paper will analyze the importance and the effects of religion, in Kosovar society. A great p... more This paper will analyze the importance and the effects of religion, in Kosovar society. A great part of the paper, will analyze the social and the political relations in Post-War Kosovo. Initially it will elaborate religion and secularism, especially in theoreticall aspect, what impact have these definitions in modern societies.In order to explain what the importance of the religion in Kosovo is, we will focus on analyzing ethnical, social and political relations within Kosovo society. A considerable component of the paper is also, the elaboration of secularism in Kosovo conditions. This implies that the formulation of the problem and the objective of this research, are the substance of the paper’s theme, which is, religion in Kosovo; its definition and the outlook of the Kosovar society on religion. Is Kosovo post-war society more or less religious? That means the elements of Religions and Secularism will be part of the analysis of developments in post-war Kosovo.

A Comparative Study of Albanian Customary Law with the Code of the West and the Common Law of England Lex Scripta vs. Lex Non Scripta

Journal of Law Policy and Globalization, 2013

In this study we are going to compare some of the most important aspects of social life among the... more In this study we are going to compare some of the most important aspects of social life among the three customary laws. Customs that are going to be mentioned and compared here are: family, hospitality and honor, blood feud, and the solemn oath (spoken word), etc. Also, the differences between unwritten and written laws communicated from the former ages are going to be explained, extensively. The purpose of this study was to identify if there is a match among the three codes (canons), and to determine the main differences that exist among the selected customs taken for our study. These canons were bodies of customary law and they were either written (lex scripta) or unwritten (lex non scripta). For centuries, they had existed in an unwritten form, and thus it is impossible to be too definite about their origins. For example, Kanun of Lek Dukagjini among Albanians written by Shtjefën Gjeçovi, a Franciscan priest, who began collecting the works that first appeared in printed form in 1913, and the completed Kanun was published in 1931 after his death. Then, The History of the Common Law of England among English written by Sir Matthew Hale in 1739. And, the Code of the West which was first chronicled by the famous western writers like Ned Buntline, Prentis Ingraham, Owen Wister, Max Brand and Zane Grey. The latter states in his 1934 novel The Code of the West that no 'written' code ever actually existed. Lack of written law made it necessary for Grey to frame some of his own, thus developing a rule of behavior which became known as the 'Code of the West.

Kosova-Referat 2

This paper will analyze the importance and the effects of religion, in Kosovar society. A great p... more This paper will analyze the importance and the effects of religion, in Kosovar society. A great part of the paper, will analyze the social and the political relations in Post-War Kosovo. Initially it will elaborate religion and secularism, especially in theoreticall aspect, what impact have these definitions in modern societies. In order to explain what the importance of the religion in Kosovo is, we will focus on analyzing ethnical, social and political relations within Kosovo society. A considerable component of the paper is also, the elaboration of secularism in Kosovo conditions. This implies that the formulation of the problem and the objective of this research, are the substance of the paper’s theme, which is, religion in Kosovo; its definition and the outlook of the Kosovar society on religion. Is Kosovo post-war society more or less religious? That means the elements of Religions and Secularism will be part of the analysis of developments in post-war Kosovo.

Multiculturalism in a (Post)Crisological Society: From Wrong Acception to a New Pluralistic Sociey-Building Approach

In the last few decades, multiculturalism, in Western countries, and in Macedonia since 2001 Ohri... more In the last few decades, multiculturalism, in Western countries, and in Macedonia since 2001 Ohrid Framework Agreement, has been frequently used in theoretical and public debates in the field of cultural policies in terms of whether there should be a stratification of cultures (dominant and secondary) or cultural relativism (every culture is important and deserves equal treatment). This paper, which comprises of a descriptive-analytical and empirical-quantitative part, aims at producing an objective overview of the perceptions of citizens of Kumanovo in relation to plural identities in this town, to the relations with the others, the otherness, communication, mutual trust, socioeconomic conditions, the impact of indicators such as the media, politicians, education, family, etc., upon the ethnical cohabitation-frustration.The results of our field research (surveys, interviews) show that it is necessary to invest a lot more in building cultural bridges, in making citizens with liberal...

European Perspective of Kosovo

Paper prepared for the Euroacademia International Conference The European Union and the Politicization of Europe

EU enlargement will depend on many factors and challenges that will determine not only the pace o... more EU enlargement will depend on many factors and challenges that will determine not only the pace of this process but also will carry alongside the settlement of many open problems in various forms, between Western Balkan countries and member states of EU. The purpose of this text is to provide a better approach, as the enlargement process, especially with the Western Balkan countries, not forgetting Turkey, as one of the most powerful and influencing country not only in the Balkan Peninsula, but also in the Middle East and beyond. The question whether the traditional strategies and actions of EU enlargement process are satisfactory for this changed geostrategic environment, needs to be researched in different ways. It will seek to answer in a separate process, reforms and problems that need to be faced by all acceding and candidate countries for integration into this organization. Only if we take the basic and processing milestone of EU enlargement with the countries of Central and E...

The right to use the Albanian language as an official language in Macedonia: the new draft law, its content, advancement and comparison

International Journal of Business & Technology

The use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia has been a challenge especially af... more The use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia has been a challenge especially after the Ohrid Framework Agreement (OFA) in 2001. Before 2001, Albanian language was defined as an official language and was used only in private matters as well in primary and secondary education. With the OFA and Constitutional changes in 2002, the language that is spoken by 20% of the population in the country was defined as an official language, but it’s application in practice was left to be regulated by e specific law. The law was adopted in 2008, 6 years after the constitutional changes. Now there is a new law proposed, which is supposed to regulate in more efficient way the use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia. With this paper the authors are trying to answer some legal questions that has been debated in the country: firstly, is Albanian language official language and whether it is of a same level of application as Macedonian language; secondly, what are the ...

The right of use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia: The new draft law, its content, advancement and comparison

2017 UBT International Conference, Oct 28, 2017

The use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia has been a challenge especially af... more The use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia has been a challenge especially after the Ohrid Framework Agreement (OFA) in 2001. Before 2001, Albanian language was defined as an official language and was used only in private matters as well in primary and secondary education. With the OFA and Constitutional changes in 2002, the language that is spoken by 20% of the population in the country was defined as an official language, but it's application in practice was left to be regulated by e specific law. The law was adopted in 2008, 6 years after the constitutional changes. Now there is a new law proposed, which is supposed to regulate in more efficient way the use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia. With this paper, the authors are trying to answer some legal questions that has been debated in the country: firstly, is Albanian language official language and whether it is of a same level of application as Macedonian language; secondly, what are the novelties of the new draft law, and how the use of Albanian language is improved and advanced; thirdly, what are the practical challenges for the implementation of the new draft law. The authors of the paper will refer to international standards on use of languages as well as to relevant national legislation, as a tool to compare the new draft law in Macedonia.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jul 14, 2023

Rejection of Constitutional treaty and enlargement of EU to 27 member states drew highlights for ... more Rejection of Constitutional treaty and enlargement of EU to 27 member states drew highlights for the need of institutional reform of the Union. These reforms were important for the functioning of the EU. So, leaders of member states prepared a new treaty which will fulfill needed reforms in order to achieve the goals. Thus, in order to avoid the referendums, they decided to take out those parts of the rejected treaty and to continue forward with reformation of European Union. Lisbon treaty is designed to achieve these institutional reforms and to be more close to the citizens of EU member states. There are some institutional changes and other provisions that leads toward this goal. Also, it makes the Union more accountable and transparent. All these purposes are achieved through involvement of National Parliament, strengthening of European Parliament, giving to the citizens more involvement in EU decision-making through citizen's initiative. Now, we expect the positive results in practicing all these reforms that are included in the Lisbon Treaty.

European Union Legitimacy - Strengthening the EU legitimacy

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jul 14, 2023

Euroepan Union is an organisation considered by all as sui-generis, or supranational one. From it... more Euroepan Union is an organisation considered by all as sui-generis, or supranational one. From its establishment till now it faced differnet challenges. One of them is the legitimacy which started to be a strong challenger immediately after Maastricht treaty. At the same time the debate about it become huge where different scholars explained their thoughts on what changes should be done to the EU in order to make it more legitimate. Consequently, our goal in this paper is to approach to the debate on the EU legitimacy, to examine the ideas of some of the well-known scholars whose contribution in this topic is very much appreciated. Also, a great role in this direction plays the new Lisbon treaty which included some changes and a citizen's iniciative which are considered as a great step forward the legitimacy of the EU. The paper is closed up with a short summary of the Lisbon traty changes thet affect directly the debate on the EU legitimacy.

The European Union Politics in the Western Balkans

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jul 14, 2023

The Western Balkans is a politically, economically, and socially diverse region. It has severe st... more The Western Balkans is a politically, economically, and socially diverse region. It has severe structural development problems that are common in all parts of the region: visible signs of half a century of the socialist Yugoslav system followed by the loss of an entire decade in wars, sanctions, and the displacement of populations. The international factor and in particular the European Union , NATO and the United States were involved in the Western Balkans, motivated by security interests and an increase of their prestige, and have set as their goal the creation of long-lasting stability, peace, and prosperity. The European Union policy towards the region is based on the Stabilisation and Association Process launched in 1999, which has been successful in transforming Central and Eastern Europe. The purpose of the Stabilisation and Association Process is to bring peace, stability, and economic development in the region, and to open the perspective of integration in the European Union. Since the Thessaloniki Summit in June 2003, all Western Balkan countries have been confirmed as "potential candidates" for membership in the European Union. In order to facilitate the fulfillment of required criteria by the Western Balkan countries, the Council of Europe gathered in Thessaloniki in June 2003 and decided to create the so-called "European Partnership" instrument. This instrument seeks to identify the priorities of individual countries in meeting the membership criteria. Currently the Western Balkans is in the stabilisation stage with a peace process that is becoming stronger. The road towards integration in the Euro-Atlantic structures is within reach for the countries of the region, however, several challenges exist.

Languages and identities in North Macedonia: legal and political challenges to state formation

by Marina Andeva, Ylber Sela, and Lazo Matovski

PRIORITIES REDEFINED: NEW REALITIES AFTER THE UKRAINIAN CRISIS, 2022

This paper examines the legal and political challenges to state formation in North Macedonia thro... more This paper examines the legal and political challenges to state formation in North Macedonia through analyzing the language use and linguistic rights of ethnic communities in North Macedonia. At first the paper gives a historical overview of the modalities of language rights protection in the country before and after its independence in 1991. The paper focuses on an analysis of the legal implications of the current regulations of the use of languages in the country and discusses how they affect the identities of ethnic communities as opposed to the formation of the multilingual and multiethnic state of North Macedonia. An examination of the forms and instruments of tackling linguistic rights in the country is carried out by discussing the requests, needs and rights of all constitutionally recognized ethnic communities. This paper will present the analytical content research conducted by the authors on the topic.

Languages and identities in North Macedonia legal and political challenges to state formation

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 22, 2022

This paper examines the legal and political challenges to state formation in North Macedonia thro... more This paper examines the legal and political challenges to state formation in North Macedonia through analyzing the language use and linguistic rights of ethnic communities in North Macedonia. At first the paper gives a historical overview of the modalities of language rights protection in the country before and after its independence in 1991. The paper focuses on an analysis of the legal implications of the current regulations of the use of languages in the country and discusses how they affect the identities of ethnic communities as opposed to the formation of the multilingual and multiethnic state of North Macedonia. An examination of the forms and instruments of tackling linguistic rights in the country is carried out by discussing the requests, needs and rights of all constitutionally recognized ethnic communities. This paper will present the analytical content research conducted by the authors on the topic.

Challenge of the European Unionï¿½s Energy Security Approach

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics - RePEc, 2015

Lisbon Treaty

Academicus International Scientific Journal, 2010

Rejection of Constitutional treaty and enlargement of EU to 27 member states drew highlights for ... more Rejection of Constitutional treaty and enlargement of EU to 27 member states drew highlights for the need of institutional reform of the Union. These reforms were important for the functioning of the EU. So, leaders of member states prepared a new treaty which will fulfill needed reforms in order to achieve the goals. Thus, in order to avoid the referendums, they decided to take out those parts of the rejected treaty and to continue forward with reformation of European Union. Lisbon treaty is designed to achieve these institutional reforms and to be more close to the citizens of EU member states. There are some institutional changes and other provisions that leads toward this goal. Also, it makes the Union more accountable and transparent. All these purposes are achieved through involvement of National Parliament, strengthening of European Parliament, giving to the citizens more involvement in EU decision-making through citizen’s initiative. Now, we expect the positive results in pr...

Challenge of the European Union’s Energy Security Approach

by Bekim Maksuti and Ylber Sela

Academicus International Scientific Journal, 2015

Aim of this research is to answer if organizational commitment changes according to demografic fa... more Aim of this research is to answer if organizational commitment changes according to demografic factors. Inputs gained from 200 person sample group from banking sector. According to the analysis it is found that affective and continuance commitment increases with age and job experience, and all componenets of commitment increase according to time in the last job. With the results derived from analysis, research’s support to organizational theory is discussed and some advices put forward.

Using the Internet as a new educational tool: the case of Libri platform at Seeu

With the development of new technologies, the use of internet in education has become a necessity... more With the development of new technologies, the use of internet in education has become a necessity and a tool that can contribute in fulfillment of curriculum requirements as well as in communication between the lecturer and the students. The South East European University has developed its own Learning Management System named Libri and it can be accessed both by teachers and students via the internet. This platform is in line with the up to date trends in information systems and plays its role in the development of the educational system within the University. The gained experience in this field will be the main focus of our research. We will introduce and analyze the annual reports of the Quality Assurance and Management Office of the same University regarding the usage of Libri by students and teachers of the university. The used methodology will contain content analysis, comparative and analytical methods.

Multiculturalism in a ( Post ) Crisological Society : From Wrong Acception to a New Pluralistic Sociey-Building Approach

In the last few decades, multiculturalism, in Western countries, and in Macedonia since 2001 Ohri... more In the last few decades, multiculturalism, in Western countries, and in Macedonia since 2001 Ohrid Framework Agreement, has been frequently used in theoretical and public debates in the field of cultural policies in terms of whether there should be a stratification of cultures (dominant and secondary) or cultural relativism (every culture is important and deserves equal treatment). This paper, which comprises of a descriptive-analytical and empirical-quantitative part, aims at producing an objective overview of the perceptions of citizens of Kumanovo in relation to plural identities in this town, to the relations with the others, the otherness, communication, mutual trust, socio-economic conditions, the impact of indicators such as the media, politicians, education, family, etc., upon the ethnical cohabitation-frustration.The results of our field research (surveys, interviews) show that it is necessary to invest a lot more in building cultural bridges, in making citizens with libera...

Der Konflikt in Mazedonien

Eines der Hauptziele dieser Arbeit ist die Darstellung des interethnischen Konflikts und die zuku... more Eines der Hauptziele dieser Arbeit ist die Darstellung des interethnischen Konflikts und die zukunftige Perspektiven Mazedoniens bei einer Mitgliedschaft in der Europaischen Union aus verschiedener Sicht betrachtet: aus mazedonischer, albanischer und auslandischer Sicht. Es wird ein geschichtlicher Uberblick uber den Konflikt in Mazedonien gegeben, in dem versucht wird, die fortschreitende Trennung von Albanern und slawischen Mazedoniern zu erklaren. Hier werden auch die wichtigsten Ereignisse von 1990 bis Ende 2001 chronologisch aufgelistet. Es wird versucht klarzustellen, welche Forderungen die albanische Bevolkerung gegenuber dem Staat stellt und was die Erfullung dieser Forderungen fur die albanische Bevolkerung konkret bedeuten wurde. Abschliesend werden die Aussichten des Mazedoniens fur eine Mitgliedschaft in die Europaische Union und ihre langfristigen Perspektiven zusammengetragen. Von zentraler Bedeutung ist die Frage, wie sowohl die Albaner als auch die slawischen Mazedon...

The Fragmentation of the Ethnic Segments in Plural Societies –the Macedonian Case

European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research, 2015

In cases where different parts of society live in geographical proximity, but in social aspect se... more In cases where different parts of society live in geographical proximity, but in social aspect separated, the appearance of segmentation is one of the characteristics. Establishing the segments is done mainly on the ethnic grounds, but there are religious, linguistic, and racial based cases as well. Such a social phenomenon is present in Macedonia, wherein this phenomenon is more reflected in the relation between two major communities, the Macedonian and Albanian communities. If merely on social indicators researched so far, we can conclude that the ethnic communities are fragmented to a very high degree, that the same have no common ground, especially the one of political – party common ground. The previous conclusion is the presence of ethno-party pluralism. In this paperwork, in practical terms, our aim is to prove the high degree of fragmentation of ethnic segments in political action plan, respectively that of political party, as well as to determine the lines of expectations o...

Kosovar Society through Secularism and Religion

ILIRIA International Review, 2013

This paper will analyze the importance and the effects of religion, in Kosovar society. A great p... more This paper will analyze the importance and the effects of religion, in Kosovar society. A great part of the paper, will analyze the social and the political relations in Post-War Kosovo. Initially it will elaborate religion and secularism, especially in theoreticall aspect, what impact have these definitions in modern societies.In order to explain what the importance of the religion in Kosovo is, we will focus on analyzing ethnical, social and political relations within Kosovo society. A considerable component of the paper is also, the elaboration of secularism in Kosovo conditions. This implies that the formulation of the problem and the objective of this research, are the substance of the paper’s theme, which is, religion in Kosovo; its definition and the outlook of the Kosovar society on religion. Is Kosovo post-war society more or less religious? That means the elements of Religions and Secularism will be part of the analysis of developments in post-war Kosovo.

A Comparative Study of Albanian Customary Law with the Code of the West and the Common Law of England Lex Scripta vs. Lex Non Scripta

Journal of Law Policy and Globalization, 2013

In this study we are going to compare some of the most important aspects of social life among the... more In this study we are going to compare some of the most important aspects of social life among the three customary laws. Customs that are going to be mentioned and compared here are: family, hospitality and honor, blood feud, and the solemn oath (spoken word), etc. Also, the differences between unwritten and written laws communicated from the former ages are going to be explained, extensively. The purpose of this study was to identify if there is a match among the three codes (canons), and to determine the main differences that exist among the selected customs taken for our study. These canons were bodies of customary law and they were either written (lex scripta) or unwritten (lex non scripta). For centuries, they had existed in an unwritten form, and thus it is impossible to be too definite about their origins. For example, Kanun of Lek Dukagjini among Albanians written by Shtjefën Gjeçovi, a Franciscan priest, who began collecting the works that first appeared in printed form in 1913, and the completed Kanun was published in 1931 after his death. Then, The History of the Common Law of England among English written by Sir Matthew Hale in 1739. And, the Code of the West which was first chronicled by the famous western writers like Ned Buntline, Prentis Ingraham, Owen Wister, Max Brand and Zane Grey. The latter states in his 1934 novel The Code of the West that no 'written' code ever actually existed. Lack of written law made it necessary for Grey to frame some of his own, thus developing a rule of behavior which became known as the 'Code of the West.

Kosova-Referat 2

This paper will analyze the importance and the effects of religion, in Kosovar society. A great p... more This paper will analyze the importance and the effects of religion, in Kosovar society. A great part of the paper, will analyze the social and the political relations in Post-War Kosovo. Initially it will elaborate religion and secularism, especially in theoreticall aspect, what impact have these definitions in modern societies. In order to explain what the importance of the religion in Kosovo is, we will focus on analyzing ethnical, social and political relations within Kosovo society. A considerable component of the paper is also, the elaboration of secularism in Kosovo conditions. This implies that the formulation of the problem and the objective of this research, are the substance of the paper’s theme, which is, religion in Kosovo; its definition and the outlook of the Kosovar society on religion. Is Kosovo post-war society more or less religious? That means the elements of Religions and Secularism will be part of the analysis of developments in post-war Kosovo.

Multiculturalism in a (Post)Crisological Society: From Wrong Acception to a New Pluralistic Sociey-Building Approach

In the last few decades, multiculturalism, in Western countries, and in Macedonia since 2001 Ohri... more In the last few decades, multiculturalism, in Western countries, and in Macedonia since 2001 Ohrid Framework Agreement, has been frequently used in theoretical and public debates in the field of cultural policies in terms of whether there should be a stratification of cultures (dominant and secondary) or cultural relativism (every culture is important and deserves equal treatment). This paper, which comprises of a descriptive-analytical and empirical-quantitative part, aims at producing an objective overview of the perceptions of citizens of Kumanovo in relation to plural identities in this town, to the relations with the others, the otherness, communication, mutual trust, socioeconomic conditions, the impact of indicators such as the media, politicians, education, family, etc., upon the ethnical cohabitation-frustration.The results of our field research (surveys, interviews) show that it is necessary to invest a lot more in building cultural bridges, in making citizens with liberal...

European Perspective of Kosovo

Paper prepared for the Euroacademia International Conference The European Union and the Politicization of Europe

EU enlargement will depend on many factors and challenges that will determine not only the pace o... more EU enlargement will depend on many factors and challenges that will determine not only the pace of this process but also will carry alongside the settlement of many open problems in various forms, between Western Balkan countries and member states of EU. The purpose of this text is to provide a better approach, as the enlargement process, especially with the Western Balkan countries, not forgetting Turkey, as one of the most powerful and influencing country not only in the Balkan Peninsula, but also in the Middle East and beyond. The question whether the traditional strategies and actions of EU enlargement process are satisfactory for this changed geostrategic environment, needs to be researched in different ways. It will seek to answer in a separate process, reforms and problems that need to be faced by all acceding and candidate countries for integration into this organization. Only if we take the basic and processing milestone of EU enlargement with the countries of Central and E...

The right to use the Albanian language as an official language in Macedonia: the new draft law, its content, advancement and comparison

International Journal of Business & Technology

The use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia has been a challenge especially af... more The use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia has been a challenge especially after the Ohrid Framework Agreement (OFA) in 2001. Before 2001, Albanian language was defined as an official language and was used only in private matters as well in primary and secondary education. With the OFA and Constitutional changes in 2002, the language that is spoken by 20% of the population in the country was defined as an official language, but it’s application in practice was left to be regulated by e specific law. The law was adopted in 2008, 6 years after the constitutional changes. Now there is a new law proposed, which is supposed to regulate in more efficient way the use of Albanian language as official language in Macedonia. With this paper the authors are trying to answer some legal questions that has been debated in the country: firstly, is Albanian language official language and whether it is of a same level of application as Macedonian language; secondly, what are the ...

LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF LANGUAGES IN REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

by Lazo Matovski and Ylber Sela

LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF LANGUAGES IN REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA, 2022

The legal order as part of the social order, is an extremely important segment in the realization... more The legal order as part of the social order, is an extremely important segment in the realization of commitments of every democratic state for real enjoyment of the guaranteed rights and freedom of the individual. The judicial sector composed of various institutions is a vital segment of the institutional framework of each country. The establishment of an efficient and functional judicial system and institutions that gravitate towards the realization of its function of effective and equitable justice is a central postulate of the principle of rule of law and humane and sustainable development of society, as a community based on respect of modern civilization values.
The Republic of North Macedonia has an advanced legislation governing the use of languages in public sector institutions, at central and local level. However, in its real and practical implementation there are a number of difficulties and challenges that indicate the need for continuous commitment, joint efforts and work to achieve an effective system.
This paper addresses the material and procedural legal aspects of the use of languages in the legal system in the Republic of North Macedonia, with special emphasis on their legal regulation and use in judicial institutions, with reference to significant international acts related to the use of languages and the right to language non-discrimination.

ALBANIAN LANGUAGE BEFORE AND AFTER THE APPROBATION OF THE LAW ON THE USE OF LANGUAGES OF THE YEAR 2019

by Lazo Matovski, Ylber Sela, and Valbona Hajretin

ALBANIAN LANGUAGE BEFORE AND AFTER THE APPROBATION OF THE LAW ON THE USE OF LANGUAGES OF THE YEAR, 2021

Within the process of monitoring the Law on the Use of Languages from 2019, a scientific (profess... more Within the process of monitoring the Law on the Use of Languages from 2019, a scientific (professional) study was conducted for the level of the implementation of this Law. The study includes research work, review of legal acts that regulate issues in this area involving central and local government. At the same time, the study provides a detailed analysis of the state, need, quality and responsibility of legal regulations as an essential part of this laborious and long process.