Papers by Frederic Creplet
Les PME forment une catégorie d'entreprises synonymes des spécificités et de diversité. Après avo... more Les PME forment une catégorie d'entreprises synonymes des spécificités et de diversité. Après avoir adopté une méthodologie d'étude de ces entreprises, nous postulons que celles-ci peuvent utiliser des systèmes de gestion de la qualité de type ISO 9000 principalement comme guide. Dans cette perspective, nous avons émis l'hypothèse que l'adoption de tels systèmes jouait le rôle de catalyseur dans une stratégie de développement, ou plus généralement de transformation des PME. En complément, nous montrons que la PME doit détenir à sa tête un acteur bicéphale guidé par une vision entrepreneuriale, ayant aussi bien les caractéristiques du créateur, du coordonateur, que celle du facilitateur d'opportunités. Celui-ci est -selon les casunique ou multiple et possède comme principal objectif de faire évoluer son organisation en veillant à conserver une cohérence interne et une pertinence, vis-à-vis de l'environnement qui l'entoure.
Journal of Management & Governance, 2004
This article, which draws on recent literature on organizational communities, raises the question... more This article, which draws on recent literature on organizational communities, raises the question of the coherence of the firm through the analysis of the dialectic interaction between hierarchies and Knowledge-Intensive Communities (KnICs) within the firm. Focusing on the cognitive dimension of the firm, we analyze the matching between hierarchies and KnICs and draw conclusions as to the coherence of the firm. Using two key elements (the frequency of interactions and the intensity of communication between communities), we draw a typology allowing a better understanding of the processes of coordination and knowledge creation within the firm.
This paper seeks to shed light on the role that governance mechanisms at play within the firm hav... more This paper seeks to shed light on the role that governance mechanisms at play within the firm have in organizational learning. Moreover, since different governance mechanisms co-exist within an organization, their alignments are of particular importance for achieving knowledge circulation within the organization. We here focus on knowing communities, seen as important locus for knowledge creation, and explore how the organization can take advantage of their cognitive activities. We argue in particular that such coordination can be realized at the governance level: formal rules set by the management provides a framework that can yoke the different norms sets followed by communities. Our proposals are confronted to a case study carried out in a large public organization.
This paper explores the different social structures coexisting within a biology laboratory. This ... more This paper explores the different social structures coexisting within a biology laboratory. This work draws upon an empirical study and the results are analysed using the social network analysis toolbox. We evidence that actors form links between them in order to carry out cognitive activities. Depending on the content of this activity, resulting networks can take different shapes. When dealing with scientific knowledge, actors tend to form an epistemic community, whereas they form a community of practice when they seek to enhance their skills in setting experiments. Moreover, these two structures are connected by means of boundary objects and boundary spanners.
European Journal of Economic and Social Systems, 2000
In this article we present a relatively novel concept: the "ba". This concept was put forward by ... more In this article we present a relatively novel concept: the "ba". This concept was put forward by two authors, , who showed that the "ba" -a form of interaction "place" -was a foundation for the creation of knowledge in an organisation. We believe that this space plays a decisive role in the study and description of knowledge management in firms and that it can be used in many fields of research. Because it is a multi-organisational, multipurpose, etc. concept, its contribution is significant. Our presentation of this concept will be based on the works of Nonaka and Konno (1998), but we will also examine the main themes arising from the theoretical movements dealing with knowledge in organisations. Moreover, we are also putting forward a framework of study related to this concept, and a definition of the main possible forms of "ba".
Research Policy, 2001
The aim of the article is to explore different aspects concerning the distinction between the exp... more The aim of the article is to explore different aspects concerning the distinction between the expert and the consultant. We analyse theoretically and empirically these distinctions in the framework of the knowledge-based economy in order to introduce the central concepts of epistemic community and community of practice. The question is to know to which community experts and consultant belongs. We also investigate the role that some actors coming from outside the firm play in reinforcing knowledge creation and codification processes in the firm.
A growing number of works in the literature consider the process of production and circulation of... more A growing number of works in the literature consider the process of production and circulation of knowledge within the firm as is the key determinant of the capability of the organisation to innovate Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995; Leonard-Barton, 1995; von Krogh, Roos and Kleine, 1998, etc…). It is widely agreed that the “cognitive architecture” of knowledge within the firm (the way knowledge is produced, stored, exchanged, transmitted, retrieved) strongly influences the process of organisational learning, and in turn the innovative process. As Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995) emphasised, the process of creation of knowledge within firms relies on two main dimensions; the first one is the “epistemological dimension”: the critical assumption is that human knowledge is created and expanded through social interaction between tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge (“knowledge conversion”); the second one is the “ontological dimension” which is concerned with the levels of knowledge creating entities (individual, group, organisational and inter-organisational). In line with the assumptions initially made by Argyris and Schön (1978), the organisation supports creative individuals or provides contexts for them to create knowledge.“Organizational knowledge creation therefore should be understood as a process that organizationally amplifies the knowledge created by individuals and crystallizes it as a part of the knowledge network of the organization. This process takes place within an ”expanding community of interaction“ which crosses intra and inter-organizational levels and boundaries”Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995. emphasised, the process of creation of knowledge within f1rms relies on two main dimensions; the first one is the “epistemological dimension”: the critical assumption is that human knowledge is created and expanded through social interaction between tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge (“knowledge conversion”); the second one is the “ontological dimension” which is concerned with the levels of knowledge creating entities (individual, group, organisational and inter-organisational). In line with the assumptions initially made by Argyris and Schön (1978), the organisation supports creative individuals or provides contexts for them to create knowledge.“Organizational knowledge creation, therefore, should be understood as a process that organizationally amplifies the knowledge created by individuals and crystallizes it as a part ofthe knowledge network of the organization. This process takes place within an ”expanding community of
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Papers by Frederic Creplet