
Maros Buday
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The aim of this work is to explore the literary corpus of Stephen King in the context of postmodernist tendencies which are characteristic of contemporary literature in order to demystify his place in the literary tradition. The argument is that Stephen King’s literary corpus encompasses several of the most prominent postmodernist theories which greatly contribute to the raise of his literary status in world literature, not only as a titan of horror fiction but mostly as a valuable literary figure which diserves its rightful place in the literary tradition.
The detailed analysis of King’s use of postmodernist concepts along with the unique properties of horror fiction, masterfully depicted by King, show great potential for innovations which contribute to the world of postmodernist literature. King chooses a rather unconventional approach to each of the analyzed postmodernist theories, namely metafiction, Lacanian post-structuralist psychoanalysis, as well as the notion of intertextuality.
In his postmodernist works, King completely ignores traditional forms of metafiction, and instead, mixes them with elements of horror fiction, and as a result, creates their permutations. Three distinct forms of metafiction have been isolated: psychogenic metafiction, transpositional metafiction, and corporeal metafiction.
In a similar manner, under the patronage of horror fiction, King works with Lacanian post-structuralist psychoanalysis. Into the chosen novels, King implements the core elements of this form of psychoanalysis with uncanny proficiency. In these novels, King reflects Lacanian motifs of the formation of the human psyche, the unconscious being structured like language as well as a redefined theory of the Oedipus complex. By employing these motifs into his work, King presents his examination of the alienation and fragmentation of the human psyche felt by the postmodern man which constitues the central premise interiorized within the phenomenon of the postmodern human condition.
In connection with Lacanian psychoanalysis, King examines another aspect of postmodernist thought, namely the notion of intertextuality. This literary phenomenon is realized through its metaphorical reflection represented by Stephen King’s Duma Key. This novel encompasses King’s attempts at examining not only the metatextual relations but also the very essence of the driving force behind art, which is the artistic talent. King thus puts the writer in the position of a mere conduit for preconceived textual information; therefore rendering the notion of originality inert. King also uses intertextuality to bridge the gap between high and low forms of literary fiction which undermines the very concept of literary criticism itself.
All of these contemporary tendencies, theories and practices are reflected at their best in King’s ultimate postmodernist epic called The Dark Tower series. In this septimology, King examines the very foundation of literary fiction as well as criticism by combining metafiction, intertextuality and contemporary scientific multiple-worlds theory into a postmodernist chaos of information. King basically presents a universal model which is composed of purely symbolic composites that encompass the four basic pillars of creating a written text, i.e. the author, extralinguistic reality, fictional universe, and language as a medium of written discourse. Furthermore, by dividing intertextuality into its intrinsic and extrinsic form, in combination with the multiple-worlds theory, King renders literary criticism itself mute. He does so via the element of collapsing fictional universes, i.e. an act he positions in parallel with the flattening of the worlds of high and low culture, thus creating a vision of culture which functions on the principles of equality.
The findings in this monograph suggest that the shift in Stephen King's status in the literary tradition from popular fiction into the realm of academic value is justifiable. King’s unique ability to use horror fiction as a literary lens through which he perceives objective reality, serves as a mere veil under which a myriad of different insightful ideas reside. Despite the fact that immersing King’s literary universe into postmodernism has shown great promise in the demystification of his place within the literary universe, it is only a small fraction of what his unfathomable literary universe has to bestow upon literature itself. King’s unyielding endeavor embodied in his continuing desire to create serious literary artifacts concealed under the patronage of horror fiction, combined with the literary recognition his work is receiving, shows the futility of all efforts to discredit King on the part of literary critics.
The aim of this work is to explore the literary corpus of Stephen King in the context of postmodernist tendencies which are characteristic of contemporary literature in order to demystify his place in the literary tradition. The argument is that Stephen King’s literary corpus encompasses several of the most prominent postmodernist theories which greatly contribute to the raise of his literary status in world literature, not only as a titan of horror fiction but mostly as a valuable literary figure which diserves its rightful place in the literary tradition.
The detailed analysis of King’s use of postmodernist concepts along with the unique properties of horror fiction, masterfully depicted by King, show great potential for innovations which contribute to the world of postmodernist literature. King chooses a rather unconventional approach to each of the analyzed postmodernist theories, namely metafiction, Lacanian post-structuralist psychoanalysis, as well as the notion of intertextuality.
In his postmodernist works, King completely ignores traditional forms of metafiction, and instead, mixes them with elements of horror fiction, and as a result, creates their permutations. Three distinct forms of metafiction have been isolated: psychogenic metafiction, transpositional metafiction, and corporeal metafiction.
In a similar manner, under the patronage of horror fiction, King works with Lacanian post-structuralist psychoanalysis. Into the chosen novels, King implements the core elements of this form of psychoanalysis with uncanny proficiency. In these novels, King reflects Lacanian motifs of the formation of the human psyche, the unconscious being structured like language as well as a redefined theory of the Oedipus complex. By employing these motifs into his work, King presents his examination of the alienation and fragmentation of the human psyche felt by the postmodern man which constitues the central premise interiorized within the phenomenon of the postmodern human condition.
In connection with Lacanian psychoanalysis, King examines another aspect of postmodernist thought, namely the notion of intertextuality. This literary phenomenon is realized through its metaphorical reflection represented by Stephen King’s Duma Key. This novel encompasses King’s attempts at examining not only the metatextual relations but also the very essence of the driving force behind art, which is the artistic talent. King thus puts the writer in the position of a mere conduit for preconceived textual information; therefore rendering the notion of originality inert. King also uses intertextuality to bridge the gap between high and low forms of literary fiction which undermines the very concept of literary criticism itself.
All of these contemporary tendencies, theories and practices are reflected at their best in King’s ultimate postmodernist epic called The Dark Tower series. In this septimology, King examines the very foundation of literary fiction as well as criticism by combining metafiction, intertextuality and contemporary scientific multiple-worlds theory into a postmodernist chaos of information. King basically presents a universal model which is composed of purely symbolic composites that encompass the four basic pillars of creating a written text, i.e. the author, extralinguistic reality, fictional universe, and language as a medium of written discourse. Furthermore, by dividing intertextuality into its intrinsic and extrinsic form, in combination with the multiple-worlds theory, King renders literary criticism itself mute. He does so via the element of collapsing fictional universes, i.e. an act he positions in parallel with the flattening of the worlds of high and low culture, thus creating a vision of culture which functions on the principles of equality.
The findings in this monograph suggest that the shift in Stephen King's status in the literary tradition from popular fiction into the realm of academic value is justifiable. King’s unique ability to use horror fiction as a literary lens through which he perceives objective reality, serves as a mere veil under which a myriad of different insightful ideas reside. Despite the fact that immersing King’s literary universe into postmodernism has shown great promise in the demystification of his place within the literary universe, it is only a small fraction of what his unfathomable literary universe has to bestow upon literature itself. King’s unyielding endeavor embodied in his continuing desire to create serious literary artifacts concealed under the patronage of horror fiction, combined with the literary recognition his work is receiving, shows the futility of all efforts to discredit King on the part of literary critics.