paolo Zanini

Università degli Studi di Milano - State University of Milan (Italy), Historical Studies Department, Faculty Member

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Paolo Zanini (1981) is Associate Professor of Contemporary History at the Department of Historical Studies of the University of Milan. His main interests of research are: main research areas are: Italian Catholic public opinion and press during the 20th century; The issue of religious freedom in Italy in late 19th and the first half of the 20th century; The relations between the Holy See, Zionism and the Palestinian question during the British Mandate and the attitude of the Vatican and Italian Catholic public opinion towards the establishment of the State of Israel.

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Cristiana Facchini

Università di Bologna

M. Sait Türkhan

Istanbul University

Stephanie Seul

University of Bremen

Paolo Maggiolini

Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of the Sacred Heart)

Neena Mahadev

Yale-NUS College

Osman Murat Deniz

Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University

Luis Enrique OTERO CARVAJAL ORCID: 0000-0002-2492-238X

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Paul Heck

Georgetown University

Joas Wagemakers

Utrecht University

Maria Antónia Lopes

Universidade de Coimbra

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Papers by paolo Zanini

Il mondo cattolico e la Terra Santa nel Novecento : sionismo, nazionalismo arabo, difesa dei diritti cristiani

Istituto regionale per la storia del Movimento di liberazione nel Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Dec 1, 2017

Il volume prende in esame i rapporti fra il mondo cattolico italiano e il cattolicesimo in Terra ... more

Assunta Esposito, Stampa cattolica in Alto Adige tra fascismo e nazismo : la casa editrice Vogelweider-Athesia e il ruolo del canonico Gamper (1933-1939), Roma, Aracne, 2012

La questione della Palestina

<div> <p>This paper aims to show how the Vatican's attitude towards the Palestini... more <div> <p>This paper aims to show how the Vatican's attitude towards the Palestinian Question changed during the pontificate of Pius XI. To answer this question, it deals with four main issues: the Holy See's attitude towards Zionism and the perspective of a Jewish State in the Christian 'Holy Land'; the opposite claims of the Arab-Palestinian national movement; the British rule in the region; the role of the Catholic powers and their effort to use religious aspects to reinforce their policies. Regarding these last three issues, the Vatican's attitude profoundly changed during this period. The Holy See became more positive towards the British mandate, which started to be considered as a guarantee for the Catholic presence. At the same time, the Vatican became sceptical towards the Arab nationalism, which it initially had supported, showing increasing scepticism towards the activism of the European Catholic powers in the region. In this changing picture, an element of continuity was the Catholic open hostility towards Zionism and its goals, which became only a little more moderate during the period taken into consideration.</p> </div>

Le riviste dei cattolici italiani nel Sessantotto: il caso de "Il Gallo

Cronaca del convegno Il protestantesimo italiano nel Risorgimento : influenze, miti, identità

L’elaborazione teologica e religiosa del metodismo italiano

Alfonso Botti, Luigi Sturzo e la Guer- ra civile spagnola, Brescia, Morcelliana, 2019, pp. 254

«L'Osservatore Romano» e La Nascita Dello Stato D'Israele

La Chiesa e il mondo cattolico italiano di fronte alle leggi antiebraiche

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The Birth of Vatican Policy on Palestine and the Holy Sites

Benedict XV: A Pope in the World of the 'Useless Slaughter' (1914-1918), 2020

Cattolici e protestanti nel Novecento, tra sfida globale e dimensione italiana

The introduction describes the relations between Catholics and Protestants in Italy in the period... more The introduction describes the relations between Catholics and Protestants in Italy in the period between national Unification and the late 1920s. This period was characterized by the spread of Protestantism throughout the entire country due to the freedom of religious expression granted by the liberal regime and due to the active Evangelical proselytism. At the same time, it also saw an increase in Catholic reaction against it which gave rise to the origin of many anti-Protestant campaigns. The contrast between the Protestant Churches and the Catholics was only an aspect of their relations, however it was the dominant one from a quantitative point of view. At the beginning of the Twentieth century, in correspondence with the Modernist crisis within the Catholic Church, there were important contacts between elements of the Modernist reformers and the liberal circles of the Italian Protestant camp. After the First World War these pioneering contacts continued, contributing to the fir...

Rifiuto dell'antisemitismo e permanenza di alcuni stereotipi antiebraici in Geremia Bonomelli

Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale : continuità e differenze nelle politiche antiprotestanti in Italia

This article aims to bring to light the continuities and differences in the anti-Protestant campa... more This article aims to bring to light the continuities and differences in the anti-Protestant campaigns which took place in Italy during the Thirties and after the Second World War. There is no doubt that, after the conflict, the Christian Democrat controlled governments maintained the same attitude towards Protestant minorities which the Fascist regime had had, due to the survival of some Fascist laws and decrees. Despite this, the different political situation and the democratic character of the new Italian State - first and foremost the independence of the judiciary - played an important role in putting in crisis the illiberal attitude of the governments' and, at the middle of '50s, determining a change in the policies regarding the religious minorities.

Tommaso Caliò, Lucia Ceci (a cura di), L’immaginario devoto tra mafie e antimafia. Riti, culti e santi, Roma, Viella, 367 p., € 36,00

The Italian Catholics, the Holy See and Palestine under British Rule. Two Turning Points: Arab Uprising of 1929 and Lord Peel’s Partition Plan (1937)

After the end of the First World War the interest of Catholic observers regarding Zionism increas... more After the end of the First World War the interest of Catholic observers regarding Zionism increased. Two elements contributed to this result: the Bolshevik Revolution, and the supposed role played within it by Jewish communists, confirming the idea of a Jewish plot to dominate the world, being built during the last two decades of the XIX century. The diffusion of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion in Europe and all over the world was a result of this psychosis that infected many conservative and moderate political circles as well. The second event was more directly connected with the situation of the Holy Land: the Balfour\u2019s Declaration of 1917. The Catholic world, after the end of the war, was watching the Palestinian issue with both optimism and disillusion. For the first time, from the Crusaders period, the Holy Land was under a Christian rule; on the other hand, after the Balfour\u2019s Declaration, the Zionistic movement started to be a real political power and a direct competitor for the influence in Palestine. Conforming this issue, the whole Catholic public opinion observed with preoccupation the establishment of a British mandate over Palestine: the Anglican character of the mandatory power and its connections with Zionism were the principal elements in this evaluation. It is known that during the earlier Twenties the Catholic authorities, and even the pope Benedict XV, often spoke against the Zionistic goals. The targets of this hard polemic weren\u2019t only the political issues of the Zionism, but also the changes that the Jewish colonization and the British influence were introducing in the Arab\u2019s customs. In particular Pierluigi Barlassina, the Latin patriarch of Jerusalem, stressed this point emphasizing the moral corruption provoked by the Zionistic movement and by the increasing influence of the Freemasonry. In this first period, in particular before the formal establishment of the British mandate (1922), also the Italian Catholic press was quite compact in the effort to prevent the British rule and the Zionistic colonization. It is of interest to note that also the Italian Catholic party, the so called Partito Popolare, was quite critical about this prospective: during the Popular Party\u2019s congress in Torino, in 1923, Rufo Ruffo della Scaletta, the most important Luigi Sturzo\u2019s advisor for the foreign and oriental policies, showed the anti-British and anti-Zionistic background of the Party, underlining the possibility of an autonomous Italian role in Palestine to support the Arab claims. A similar prospective was sustained by the most part of the Italian Catholic public opinion and in particular by the circles most connected to the nationalistic claims. It is important to notice that also the Fascist Regime tried sometimes to play the religious \u201ccard\u201d to reinforce the Italian role in the Middle East. To understand the connections between the religious and the nationalistic claims, but also the different evaluation of the Vatican diplomats, two events seem particularly relevant: the reaction toward the Arab uprising in August 1929 and the thought regarding the Lord Peel\u2019s partition plan in summer 1937. In these two occasions, in fact, the Holy See showed a different evaluation of the British rule

David I. Kertzer, The Pope and Mussolini. The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014), pp. 549

Quest, 2017

Salvatore Esposito, Un secolo di pentecostalismo italiano. Cenni sulle origini, le discussioni parlamentari, l’assetto contemporaneo delle Assemblee di Dio in Italia, The Writer, Milano 2015, 187 pp., isbn 9788897341468

Giorgio Rumi, Perché la storia : itinerari di ricerca 1963-2006, a cura di E. Bressan e D. Saresella, LED, Milano 2009

La rivista Il gallo : dalla tradizione al dialogo (1946-1965)

La storia come chiave di lettura della contemporaneità? : la stampa e i grandi eventi contemporanei

Il mondo cattolico e la Terra Santa nel Novecento : sionismo, nazionalismo arabo, difesa dei diritti cristiani

Istituto regionale per la storia del Movimento di liberazione nel Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Dec 1, 2017

Il volume prende in esame i rapporti fra il mondo cattolico italiano e il cattolicesimo in Terra ... more

Assunta Esposito, Stampa cattolica in Alto Adige tra fascismo e nazismo : la casa editrice Vogelweider-Athesia e il ruolo del canonico Gamper (1933-1939), Roma, Aracne, 2012

La questione della Palestina

Le riviste dei cattolici italiani nel Sessantotto: il caso de "Il Gallo

Cronaca del convegno Il protestantesimo italiano nel Risorgimento : influenze, miti, identità

L’elaborazione teologica e religiosa del metodismo italiano

Alfonso Botti, Luigi Sturzo e la Guer- ra civile spagnola, Brescia, Morcelliana, 2019, pp. 254

«L'Osservatore Romano» e La Nascita Dello Stato D'Israele

La Chiesa e il mondo cattolico italiano di fronte alle leggi antiebraiche

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The Birth of Vatican Policy on Palestine and the Holy Sites

Benedict XV: A Pope in the World of the 'Useless Slaughter' (1914-1918), 2020

Cattolici e protestanti nel Novecento, tra sfida globale e dimensione italiana

Rifiuto dell'antisemitismo e permanenza di alcuni stereotipi antiebraici in Geremia Bonomelli

Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale : continuità e differenze nelle politiche antiprotestanti in Italia

Tommaso Caliò, Lucia Ceci (a cura di), L’immaginario devoto tra mafie e antimafia. Riti, culti e santi, Roma, Viella, 367 p., € 36,00

The Italian Catholics, the Holy See and Palestine under British Rule. Two Turning Points: Arab Uprising of 1929 and Lord Peel’s Partition Plan (1937)

David I. Kertzer, The Pope and Mussolini. The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014), pp. 549

Quest, 2017

Giorgio Rumi, Perché la storia : itinerari di ricerca 1963-2006, a cura di E. Bressan e D. Saresella, LED, Milano 2009

La rivista Il gallo : dalla tradizione al dialogo (1946-1965)

La storia come chiave di lettura della contemporaneità? : la stampa e i grandi eventi contemporanei

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La Rivista "Il gallo". Dalla tradizione al dialogo (1946-1965)

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Il "pericolo protestante". Chiesa e cattolici italiani di fronte alla questione della libertà religiosa (1922-1955)

Ridestatosi dopo la Rivoluzione francese, l’antiprotestantesimo fu uno dei tratti caratterizzanti... more Ridestatosi dopo la Rivoluzione francese, l’antiprotestantesimo fu uno dei tratti caratterizzanti dell’ideologia del cattolicesimo intransigente ottocentesco. Nel contesto italiano esso diventò uno dei motivi ricorrenti della polemica reazionaria durante il Risorgimento e all’indomani dell’Unità. Attenuatasi verso la fine del secolo, l’offensiva antiprotestante del mondo cattolico italiano riprese in occasione della crisi modernista, divenendo serrata dopo la Prima guerra mondiale. E fu proprio nel periodo compreso tra i primi anni Venti e la metà degli anni Cinquanta – l’epoca che questo volume indaga più direttamente – che l’ostilità della Chiesa cattolica nei confronti della presenza e dell’attività delle confessioni protestanti in Italia assunse una particolare rilevanza, riuscendo a incidere profondamente sull’atteggiamento degli apparati dello Stato e sulla stessa legislazione in materia di libertà religiosa.

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La Santa Sede e la questione della Palestin durante il mandato britannico: a proposito di "La Saint-Siège face à la question de Palestine" di Agathe Mayeres-Rebernik

La Rassegna mensile di Israel, 2017

Dopo aver passato in rassegna i principali studi riguardanti l'atteggia-mento della Santa Sede e ... more Dopo aver passato in rassegna i principali studi riguardanti l'atteggia-mento della Santa Sede e del mondo cattolico internazionale di fronte al sionismo, la presente nota analizza le novità introdotte dallo studio di Aga-the Mayeres-Rebernik, La Saint-Siège face à la «Question de Palestine»: de la déclaration Balfour à la création de l'État d'Israël, che appaiono partico-larmente significative sia per quanto riguarda il dibattito interno al mondo intellettuale cattolico francese, sia per la dialettica esistente tra i diversi riti cattolici presenti nella Palestina mandataria.

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paolo Zanini

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