The relative associations between fatigue and need for recovery with anxiety, depression and comb... more The relative associations between fatigue and need for recovery with anxiety, depression and combined anxiety-depression, were compared in a sample of 400 students at an Australian university. Analyses were performed at total score and factor structure levels. Results showed that fatigue had a stronger association with anxiety and depression than did need for recovery. Despite some overlap between one factor from the fatigue scale with both factors from the need for recovery scale, overall data suggested that these scales (and the constructs they measured) were relatively discrete and refer to different aspects of the individual’s experience of fatigue. Implications for assessment and intervention in clinical and health psychology settings are discussed.
ABSTRACT This paper reviews Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Obsessive Compulsive Diso... more ABSTRACT This paper reviews Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Obsessive Compulsive (OC) spectrum disorders (e.g., trichotillomania and chronic skin picking). It reviews the philosophy of science that underlies ACT: functional contextualism; the basic research that informs it: learning theory, rule governed behavior and relational frame theory; ACT’s model: psychological flexibility; and the research to date that supports ACT for OCD and OC spectrum disorders. Limitations to this research and future directions are discussed.
Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 2014
This article addresses the use of exposure therapy for OCD as informed by an acceptance and commi... more This article addresses the use of exposure therapy for OCD as informed by an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) framework. The model on which ACT is based is covered, including its philosophy, basic research, targeted process of change, individual treatment components, and general manual. Specific suggestions for how to prepare, select, set up, and conclude exposure exercises from an ACT perspective are included and illustrated using the case of Monica as an example. Empirical support for this approach is briefly covered. (M.P. Twohig).
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an innovative acceptance-based behavior therapy that h... more Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an innovative acceptance-based behavior therapy that has been applied broadly and successfully to treat a variety of clinical problems, including the anxiety disorders. Throughout treatment ACT balances acceptance and mindfulness processes with commitment and behavior change processes. As applied to anxiety disorders, ACT seeks to undermine excessive struggle with anxiety and experiential avoidance--attempts to down-regulate and control unwanted private events (thoughts, images, bodily sensations). The goal is to foster more flexible and mindful ways of relating to anxiety so individuals can pursue life goals important to them. This article describes in some detail a unified ACT protocol that can be adapted for use with persons presenting with any of the major anxiety disorders. To exemplify this approach, we present pre-and posttreatment data from three individuals with different anxiety disorders who underwent treatment over a 12-week period. The results showed positive pre-to posttreatment changes in ACT-relevant process measures (e.g., reductions in experiential avoidance, increases in acceptance and mindfulness skills), increases in quality of life, as well as significant reductions in traditional anxiety and distress measures. All three clients reported maintaining or improving on their posttreatment level of functioning.
Delay discounting is one facet of impulsive decision making and involves subjectively devaluing a... more Delay discounting is one facet of impulsive decision making and involves subjectively devaluing a delayed outcome. Steeply discounting delayed rewards is correlated with substance abuse and other problematic behaviors. To the extent that steep delay discounting underlies these clinical disorders, it would be advantageous to find psychosocial avenues for reducing delay discounting. Acceptance-based interventions may prove useful as they may help to decrease the distress that arises while waiting for a delayed outcome. The current study was conducted to determine if a 60-90 minute acceptance-based training would change delay discounting rates among 30 undergraduate university students in comparison to a waitlist control. Measures given at pre- and posttraining included a hypothetical monetary delay discounting task, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and the Distress Tolerance Scale. Those assigned to the treatment group decreased their discounting of delayed money, but not distress intolerance or psychological inflexibility when compared to the waitlist control group. After the waiting period, the control group received the intervention. Combining all participants' pre- to posttreatment data, the acceptance-based treatment significantly decreased discounting of monetary rewards and increased distress tolerance. The difference in AAQ-II approached significance. Acceptance-based treatments may be a worthwhile option for decreasing delay discounting rates and, consequently, affecting the choices that underlie addiction and other problematic behaviors.
Charge will be made for a minimum of 100 reprints. The production office will bill the author dir... more Charge will be made for a minimum of 100 reprints. The production office will bill the author directly with a fully itemized bill and with a separate charge for shipping. Unless requested otherwise, orders will be shipped UPS (no P.O. boxes, please).
This study evaluated acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for scrupulosity-based obsessive com... more This study evaluated acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for scrupulosity-based obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Five adults were treated with eight sessions of ACT, without in-session exposure, in a multiple baseline across participants design. Daily monitoring of compulsions and avoided valued activities were tracked throughout the study. The Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Quality of Life Scale, Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II were completed at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 3-month follow-up. The Treatment Evaluation Inventory was completed at posttreatment. Average daily compulsions reduced as follows: pretreatment = 25.0, posttreatment = 5.6, and follow-up = 4.3. Average daily avoided valued activities reduced as follows: pretreatment = 6.0, posttreatment = 0.7, and follow-up = 0.5. Other measures showed similar patterns. Religious faith only slightly declined: 4% at posttreatment and 7% at follow-up. Treatment acceptability was high.
... Charlene S. Shannon Brenda J. Robertson Kate S. Morrison Tara L. Werner ... Researchers have ... more ... Charlene S. Shannon Brenda J. Robertson Kate S. Morrison Tara L. Werner ... Researchers have recognized the contribution of youth volunteers and have examined various aspects of youth volunteer experiences to better understand them (eg, Hall, McKeown, & Roberts, 2001). ...
The relative associations between fatigue and need for recovery with anxiety, depression and comb... more The relative associations between fatigue and need for recovery with anxiety, depression and combined anxiety-depression, were compared in a sample of 400 students at an Australian university. Analyses were performed at total score and factor structure levels. Results showed that fatigue had a stronger association with anxiety and depression than did need for recovery. Despite some overlap between one factor from the fatigue scale with both factors from the need for recovery scale, overall data suggested that these scales (and the constructs they measured) were relatively discrete and refer to different aspects of the individual’s experience of fatigue. Implications for assessment and intervention in clinical and health psychology settings are discussed.
The relative associations between fatigue and need for recovery with anxiety, depression and comb... more The relative associations between fatigue and need for recovery with anxiety, depression and combined anxiety-depression, were compared in a sample of 400 students at an Australian university. Analyses were performed at total score and factor structure levels. Results showed that fatigue had a stronger association with anxiety and depression than did need for recovery. Despite some overlap between one factor from the fatigue scale with both factors from the need for recovery scale, overall data suggested that these scales (and the constructs they measured) were relatively discrete and refer to different aspects of the individual’s experience of fatigue. Implications for assessment and intervention in clinical and health psychology settings are discussed.
ABSTRACT This paper reviews Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Obsessive Compulsive Diso... more ABSTRACT This paper reviews Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Obsessive Compulsive (OC) spectrum disorders (e.g., trichotillomania and chronic skin picking). It reviews the philosophy of science that underlies ACT: functional contextualism; the basic research that informs it: learning theory, rule governed behavior and relational frame theory; ACT’s model: psychological flexibility; and the research to date that supports ACT for OCD and OC spectrum disorders. Limitations to this research and future directions are discussed.
Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 2014
This article addresses the use of exposure therapy for OCD as informed by an acceptance and commi... more This article addresses the use of exposure therapy for OCD as informed by an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) framework. The model on which ACT is based is covered, including its philosophy, basic research, targeted process of change, individual treatment components, and general manual. Specific suggestions for how to prepare, select, set up, and conclude exposure exercises from an ACT perspective are included and illustrated using the case of Monica as an example. Empirical support for this approach is briefly covered. (M.P. Twohig).
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an innovative acceptance-based behavior therapy that h... more Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an innovative acceptance-based behavior therapy that has been applied broadly and successfully to treat a variety of clinical problems, including the anxiety disorders. Throughout treatment ACT balances acceptance and mindfulness processes with commitment and behavior change processes. As applied to anxiety disorders, ACT seeks to undermine excessive struggle with anxiety and experiential avoidance--attempts to down-regulate and control unwanted private events (thoughts, images, bodily sensations). The goal is to foster more flexible and mindful ways of relating to anxiety so individuals can pursue life goals important to them. This article describes in some detail a unified ACT protocol that can be adapted for use with persons presenting with any of the major anxiety disorders. To exemplify this approach, we present pre-and posttreatment data from three individuals with different anxiety disorders who underwent treatment over a 12-week period. The results showed positive pre-to posttreatment changes in ACT-relevant process measures (e.g., reductions in experiential avoidance, increases in acceptance and mindfulness skills), increases in quality of life, as well as significant reductions in traditional anxiety and distress measures. All three clients reported maintaining or improving on their posttreatment level of functioning.
Delay discounting is one facet of impulsive decision making and involves subjectively devaluing a... more Delay discounting is one facet of impulsive decision making and involves subjectively devaluing a delayed outcome. Steeply discounting delayed rewards is correlated with substance abuse and other problematic behaviors. To the extent that steep delay discounting underlies these clinical disorders, it would be advantageous to find psychosocial avenues for reducing delay discounting. Acceptance-based interventions may prove useful as they may help to decrease the distress that arises while waiting for a delayed outcome. The current study was conducted to determine if a 60-90 minute acceptance-based training would change delay discounting rates among 30 undergraduate university students in comparison to a waitlist control. Measures given at pre- and posttraining included a hypothetical monetary delay discounting task, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and the Distress Tolerance Scale. Those assigned to the treatment group decreased their discounting of delayed money, but not distress intolerance or psychological inflexibility when compared to the waitlist control group. After the waiting period, the control group received the intervention. Combining all participants' pre- to posttreatment data, the acceptance-based treatment significantly decreased discounting of monetary rewards and increased distress tolerance. The difference in AAQ-II approached significance. Acceptance-based treatments may be a worthwhile option for decreasing delay discounting rates and, consequently, affecting the choices that underlie addiction and other problematic behaviors.
Charge will be made for a minimum of 100 reprints. The production office will bill the author dir... more Charge will be made for a minimum of 100 reprints. The production office will bill the author directly with a fully itemized bill and with a separate charge for shipping. Unless requested otherwise, orders will be shipped UPS (no P.O. boxes, please).
This study evaluated acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for scrupulosity-based obsessive com... more This study evaluated acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for scrupulosity-based obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Five adults were treated with eight sessions of ACT, without in-session exposure, in a multiple baseline across participants design. Daily monitoring of compulsions and avoided valued activities were tracked throughout the study. The Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Quality of Life Scale, Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II were completed at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 3-month follow-up. The Treatment Evaluation Inventory was completed at posttreatment. Average daily compulsions reduced as follows: pretreatment = 25.0, posttreatment = 5.6, and follow-up = 4.3. Average daily avoided valued activities reduced as follows: pretreatment = 6.0, posttreatment = 0.7, and follow-up = 0.5. Other measures showed similar patterns. Religious faith only slightly declined: 4% at posttreatment and 7% at follow-up. Treatment acceptability was high.
... Charlene S. Shannon Brenda J. Robertson Kate S. Morrison Tara L. Werner ... Researchers have ... more ... Charlene S. Shannon Brenda J. Robertson Kate S. Morrison Tara L. Werner ... Researchers have recognized the contribution of youth volunteers and have examined various aspects of youth volunteer experiences to better understand them (eg, Hall, McKeown, & Roberts, 2001). ...
The relative associations between fatigue and need for recovery with anxiety, depression and comb... more The relative associations between fatigue and need for recovery with anxiety, depression and combined anxiety-depression, were compared in a sample of 400 students at an Australian university. Analyses were performed at total score and factor structure levels. Results showed that fatigue had a stronger association with anxiety and depression than did need for recovery. Despite some overlap between one factor from the fatigue scale with both factors from the need for recovery scale, overall data suggested that these scales (and the constructs they measured) were relatively discrete and refer to different aspects of the individual’s experience of fatigue. Implications for assessment and intervention in clinical and health psychology settings are discussed.
Uploads
Papers by Kate Morrison