Médecine

-Lactamase, SFC-1, from β Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Class A Molecular Characterization of a http://aac.asm.org/content/48/6/2321 Updated information and services can be found at: These include: REFERENCES http://aac.asm.org/content/48/6/2321#ref-list-1 at: This article cites 23 articles, 15 of which can be accessed free CONTENT ALERTS more» articles cite this article), Receive: RSS Feeds, eTOCs, free email alerts (when new http://journals.asm.org/site/misc/reprints.xhtml Information about commercial reprint orders: http://journals.asm.org/site/subscriptions/ An environmental isolate of Serratia fonticola resistant to carbapenems contains a gene encoding a class A ␤-lactamase with carbapenemase activity. The enzyme was designated SFC-1. The bla SFC-I gene is contained in the chromosome of S. fonticola UTAD54 and is absent from other S. fonticola strains.

The spread of clonally related carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing the metallo-␤lactamase SPM-1 was found in Recife, Brazil. Upstream of bla SPM-1 , a novel common region (CR4) was identified, comprising an open reading frame, orf495, whose product shares significant identity with putative recombinases, such as Orf513. CR4 may be responsible for mobilization and expression of bla SPM-1 .

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a recently identified lymphotropic herpesvirus, which has been isolated from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or lymphoproliferative diseases. Two variants A and B of HHV-6 have been described, variant B being more common in children with exanthema subitum. HHV-6 infection was studied in cases of AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and in three control populations in order to evaluate the possible etiologicai role of HHV-6 in this lymphoproliferative disease.Tumor specimens from various organs were obtained from 27 patients with AIDS-associated NHL and 20 human immunodeficiency virus (HlV)-seronegative patients with NHL. Lymph node specimens were obtained from four HIV-seropositive and nine HIV-seronegative patients with lymph node follicular hyperplasia. A specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect HHV-6 DNA. Subsequently HHV-6 variant was identified by using variant-specific PCR. Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was detected in parallel by means of specific PCR.HHV-6 DNA was detected in 12 of 27 tumor tissues (44%), including 8 of 15 lymph node specimens (53%) from patients with AIDS-associated NHL. The corresponding values in HIV-seronegative patients with NHL were 35% (7/20) and 36% (5/14), respectively. Lymph node specimens were positive for HHV-6 in two of four (50%) HIV-seropositive and five of nine (55%) HIV-seronegative patients with follicular hyperplasia. Variant A was detected in two cases of AIDS-associated NHL, variant B in one case, and both variants in six cases. The distribution of HHV-6 variants exhibited a similar pattern in the three control groups. CMV was only detected in 3 of 27 tumor tissues (11%) from patients with AIDS-associated NHL.The prevalence of HHV-6 DNA and the distribution of its variants did not differ significantly among the four populations studied. HHV-6 was more prevalent than CMV, a closely related herpesvirus. Most cases of HHV-6 infection involved both HHV-6 variants A and B. These results do not support strongly that HHV-6 infection is closely associated with the occurrence of NHL in AIDS patients but demonstrate that mixed HHV-6 infections are more common than previously assumed. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, inc.

The emergence and worldwide spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is of great concern to public health services. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the community in Switzerland. One thousand and eighty-six stool samples of healthy humans (staff members of a food-processing company which were screened for the occurrence of salmonellae) were collected in September 2014. After an initial enrichment-step, carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from the carbapenem-containing selective medium SUPERCARBA II. Grown colonies from 11 samples were screened by PCR for the presence of bla KPC, bla NDM, bla OXA-48 and bla VIM. A single OXA-48-producing Escherichia coli was detected. Phylogenetic grouping and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that this strain belonged to D:ST38, a type which had been previously reported in the UK, France, Lebanon and Egypt. The results of this study sho...

A retrospective survey was conducted to characterize ␤-lactamases in a collection of 43 ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from patients with bloodstream infections hospitalized at a Brazilian teaching hospital between January and December 2005. Resistance rates for carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and quinolones were over 80%, with only colistin remaining active against all isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis identified seven different genotypes. AmpC overproduction was found to be the sole ␤-lactamase-mediated mechanism responsible for ceftazidime resistance in four isolates (9.3%). Nine isolates (20.9%) produced an extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase (ESBL), either GES-1 (n ‫؍‬ 7, 16.3%) or CTX-M-2 (n ‫؍‬ 2, 4.6%). Carbapenemase activity was detected in 30 (70%) additional isolates. Among those isolates, two isolates (4.6%) produced the ESBL GES-5, possessing the ability to hydrolyze imipenem; a single isolate (2.3%) produced the metallo-␤-lactamase (MBL) IMP-1; and 27 isolates produced the MBL SPM-1 (62.8%). None of the isolates coproduced both ESBL and MBL. Insertion sequence elements ISCR4 and ISCR1 were associated with bla SPM-1 and bla CTX-M-2 genes, respectively, whereas the bla GES-1 and bla GES-5 genes were part of class 1 integron structures. This study underlines the spread of MBL-and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa isolates as an important source of ceftazidime resistance in Brazil.

References 1. Ding YF, Zhang JH, Mi ZH et al. Study on the molecular epidemiology of b-lactamase TEM gene in isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2004; 25: 970-2. 2. del Campo R, Cafini F, Morosini MI et al. Combinations of PBPs and MurM protein variants in early and contemporary high-level penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006; 57: 983-6. 3. Mabilat C, Courvalin P. Development of 'oligotyping' for characterization and molecular epidemiology of TEM b-lactamases in members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990; 34: 2210-6. 4. Lin TL, Tang SI, Fang CT et al. Extended-spectrum b-lactamase genes of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Taiwan: recharacterization of shv-27, shv-41, and tem-116. Microb Drug Resist 2006; 12: 12-5. 5. Song JS, Lee JH, Lee JH et al. Removal of contaminating TEM-1a b-lactamase gene from commercial Taq DNA polymerase. J Microbiol 2006; 44: 126-8. 6. Chiang CS, Liu CP, Weng LC et al. Presence of b-lactamase gene TEM-1 DNA sequence in commercial Taq DNA polymerase.