Papers by Antoine Langeard
The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, Feb 23, 2024
Experimental gerontology, Sep 1, 2024
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Oct 1, 2021
The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, May 23, 2019
ObjectiveIt has often been reported that dual-task (DT) performance declines with age. Physical e... more ObjectiveIt has often been reported that dual-task (DT) performance declines with age. Physical exercise can help improve cognition, but these improvements could depend on cognitive functions and age groups. Moreover, the mechanisms supporting this enhancement are not fully elucidated. This study investigated the impacts of physical exercise on single- and dual-task performance in younger-old (<70) and older-old (70+) adults. The study also assessed whether the training effect on cognition was mediated by improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness.MethodsOne hundred forty-three participants (65–89 years) took part in a physical exercise intervention for 3 months or were assigned to a control group. All participants completed a DT paradigm and an estimated measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. Regression models were used to test the training effect on these outcomes, and mediation analyses were used to determine whether the training-related cognitive changes were mediated by changes in cardiorespiratory fitness.ResultsIn 70+, training predicted improved processing speed (βc = −.33) and cardiorespiratory fitness (βa = .26) and the effect of training on processing speed was fully mediated by change in cardiorespiratory fitness (βab = −.12). In <70, training predicted improvement in task-set cost (βc = −.26) and change in cardiorespiratory fitness (βa = .30) but improvement in task-set cost was not entirely mediated by change in cardiorespiratory fitness.DiscussionResults are discussed in terms of the mechanisms supporting DT performance improvement following physical exercise training in older adults.
Journal of Sleep Research
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
IntroductionWhether complex movement training benefits inhibitory functions and transfers the eff... more IntroductionWhether complex movement training benefits inhibitory functions and transfers the effects to non-practiced motor and cognitive tasks is still unknown. The present experiment addressed this issue using a bimanual coordination paradigm. The main hypothesis was that bimanual coordination training allows for improving the involved cognitive (i.e., inhibition) mechanisms and then, transferring to non-practiced cognitive and motor tasks, that share common processes.Methods17 older participants (72.1 ± 4.0 years) underwent 2 training and 3 test sessions (pre, post, and retention one week after) over three weeks. Training included maintaining bimanual coordination anti-phase pattern (AP) at high frequency while inhibiting the in-phase pattern (IP). During the test sessions, participants performed two bimanual coordination tasks and two cognitive tasks involving inhibition mechanisms. Transfer benefits of training on reaction time (RT), and total switching time (TST) were measure...
Background: Aging is characterized by substantial changes in sleep architecture that negatively i... more Background: Aging is characterized by substantial changes in sleep architecture that negatively impact physical fitness, quality of life, mood or cognitive functioning. Older adults often fail to reach the recommended amount of physical activity to prevent the age-related decline sleep function, partly because of geographical barriers. Home-based interventions could overcome these barriers preventing older adults from being active, and administration through videoconference may be an optimal solution. Increasing the availability of synchronisers such as physical activity, light exposure or vestibular stimulation is a good non-pharmacological strategy for circadian rhythms entrainment and could strengthen the sleep-wake cycle and thus improve sleep in the ageing subject. The aims of this study are (1) to evaluate the effects of a remote physical exercise training and a remote physical exercise training combined with bright light exposure, and (2) to study the specific contribution of...
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
BackgroundThe world’s population is aging, but life expectancy has risen more than healthy life e... more BackgroundThe world’s population is aging, but life expectancy has risen more than healthy life expectancy (HALE). With respect to brain and cognition, the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders increases with age, affecting health and quality of life, and imposing significant healthcare costs. Although the effects of physical exercise on cognition in advanced age have been widely explored, in-depth fundamental knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of the exercise-induced cognitive improvements is lacking. Recent research suggests that myokines, factors released into the blood circulation by contracting skeletal muscle, may play a role in mediating the beneficial effect of exercise on cognition. Our goal in this ongoing (living) review is to continuously map the rapidly accumulating knowledge on pathways between acute or chronic exercise-induced myokines and cognitive domains enhanced by exercise.MethodRandomized controlled studies will be systematically collected at baseline an...
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 16, 2022
European Journal of Public Health
Background Older adults often fail to reach the recommended amount of physical activity to preven... more Background Older adults often fail to reach the recommended amount of physical activity to prevent the age-related decline in metabolic, cardiorespiratory, and muscular function. Effective home-based physical training programs could neutralize barriers preventing older adults from being active, and administration/supervision through videoconference may be an optimal solution. The present randomized controlled trial aimed to test the non-inferiority of training program administered through videoconference against the same program administered face-to-face in healthy older adults. Methods Participants were randomized in a no-training control group (n = 13), a face-to-face training group (n = 15), and a videoconference training group (n = 13). The intervention groups completed the same home-based, structured, progressive and combined training program for 16 weeks, 1-hour twice a week. Pre-intervention and post-intervention evaluations included body composition, cardiorespiratory fitnes...
L’objectif de ce travail était d’améliorer la prévention de la chute des séniors en améliorant la... more L’objectif de ce travail était d’améliorer la prévention de la chute des séniors en améliorant la détection des personnes à risque et les outils d’évaluation du contrôle postural ainsi qu’en utilisant un programme de réhabilitation par électrostimulation. Afin de répondre à ces trois objectifs, trois parties ont été développées :Le but de la partie I était d’apporter des outils permettant une meilleure détection des personnes à risque à travers l’identification de facteurs responsables d’un déclin du contrôle postural. Nous avons pu établir lors de trois études que (i) les personnes consommant cinq médicaments et plus par jour présentent un risque accru des troubles de la cognition et de la mobilité, (ii) les chuteurs fracturés ont un déficit de stabilisation après le passage d’obstacle et (iii) les chuteurs fracturés réduisent moins leur vitesse de marche lors de la double tâche. Dans la partie II nous avons évalué pour la première fois le freinage du centre de masse, paramètre cor...
Age and Ageing, 2022
Background older adults often fail to reach the recommended amount of physical activity to preven... more Background older adults often fail to reach the recommended amount of physical activity to prevent the age-related decline in metabolic, cardiorespiratory and muscular function. Effective home-based physical training programs could neutralise barriers preventing older adults from being active, and administration/supervision through videoconference may be an optimal solution. The present randomised controlled trial aimed to test the non-inferiority of training program administered through videoconference against the same program administered face-to-face in healthy older adults. Methods participants were randomised in a no-training control group (n = 13), a face-to-face training group (n = 15) and a videoconference training group (n = 13). The intervention groups completed the same home-based, structured, progressive and combined training program for 16 weeks, 1-h twice a week. Pre-intervention and post-intervention evaluations included body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and...
Age And Ageing, 2022
Introduction with ageing, the risk of falling increases. It has been reported that fall frequency... more Introduction with ageing, the risk of falling increases. It has been reported that fall frequency may depend on the time of the day, suggesting a possible circadian rhythm of postural control. The objective was to test whether postural control in older adults followed a circadian rhythm. Then, in order to examine the possible functions involved in circadian variations in balance performances, circadian rhythm of sleepiness and vertical perception were also tested. Methods eight participants (70.7 ± 4.7 years) were included. Baseline circadian rhythm profile was assessed through continuous core temperature measurement. Static and dynamic balance, subjective sleepiness and fatigue, and verticality perception were measured at 2:00, 6:00, 10:00, 14:00, 18:00 and 22:00, on separate weeks in a random order. Results temperature followed a circadian rhythm, with lowest temperature occurring at 03:50. Circadian rhythm was detected for the centre of pressure displacement length and velocity, ...
Neurophysiologie Clinique, 2019
Introduction Several medications have been associated with an increased risk of balance deficits ... more Introduction Several medications have been associated with an increased risk of balance deficits and greater likelihood to sustain a fall. Statins are regularly prescribed to prevent strokes and heart attacks, but the impact of Statins on balance is unknown. The aim of this paper was to determine whether Statin use is associated with poorer balance performances in older adults. Material and methods Participants 60 years and above were separated into two groups, one group was taking Statins (n = 34), and the other group was not taking Statins (n = 31). All participants completed an eyes closed and eyes open balance assessment on a Matscan pressure sensing mat. Center of Pressure (CoP) velocity, peak to peak distance and standard deviation were collected in both anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions. Multivariate regression analyses were performed in order to determine if Statin use predicted balance performance while controlling for several other risk factors associated with balance or Statin intake. Results After controlling for covariates, Statin intake significantly predicted both CoP ML amplitude (B = 0.638, P = 0.004) and ML velocity (B = 0.653, P = 0.002) in the eyes open condition. Discussion–conclusion The findings of this study suggest that caution should be taken when prescribing Statins in older adults, as this could decrease ML stability and ultimately increase fall risk.
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2019
Half of the people with fear of falling (FoF) are non-fallers, and the reason why some people con... more Half of the people with fear of falling (FoF) are non-fallers, and the reason why some people considered non-fallers are afraid of falling is unknown, but reduced mobility or cognition, or both concurrently must be considered as potential risk factors. The study aimed to determine if mobility and/or cognitive abilities could identify people with a history of falls in older adults with FoF. Twenty-six older adults with FoF participated in this study. Full cognitive and mobility assessments were performed assessing global cognitive impairments (MoCA score < 26), executive functions, memory, processing speed, visuospatial skills, mobility impairment (TUG time > 13.5 s), gait, balance and physical capacity. Information about falls occurring during the year prior to the inclusion was collected. Logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the association between falls and cognitive and mobility abilities. No significant differences in age, sex, level of education or body mass index were detected between fallers and non-fallers. Cognitive impairments (MoCA score < 26) distinguished between fallers and non-fallers (p = 0.038; R2 = 0.247). Among specific cognitive functions, visuospatial skills distinguished between fallers and non-fallers (p = 0.027; R2 = 0.258). Mobility impairments (TUG time > 13.5 s), gait, balance and physical capacity were not related to past falls. In older adults with FoF, global cognitive deficits detected by the MoCA are important factors related to falls and more particularly visuospatial skills seem to be among the most implicated functions. These functions could be targeted in multifactorial interventions.
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Papers by Antoine Langeard