ABSTRACT Ever since the oil boom of the 1970s, Saudi Arabia and the countries on the western coas... more ABSTRACT Ever since the oil boom of the 1970s, Saudi Arabia and the countries on the western coast of the Arab Gulf, i.e. Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Bahrain, and Qatar, have been witnessing both a significant increase in their non-national labour force and considerable urbanization. Most of the immigrant workers come from South and South-East Asia, with smaller number of expatriates from other regions. The overwhelming majority of these foreign workers live and work in the cities, which have thus become not only a meeting place of speakers of a variety of languages, but also a linguistic laboratory in which a new means of interethnic communication, generally known as Gulf Pidgin Arabic, has emerged in approximately the last 40 years. The present paper describes the main features of the phonology, morphology, syntax, and vocabulary of this still under researched pidgin. Also discussed are the various sources of these features: the speakers’ first languages, the Foreigner Talk register of Arabic, grammaticalization, Gulf Arabic, and English. RESUMEN “Trabajadores inmigrantes y formación de la lengua: el pidgin del Golfo Pérsico” Desde el boom del petróleo de los años setenta, Arabia Saudí y los países de la costa oeste del Golfo Pérsico, i.e. Kuwait, Emiratos Árabes Unidos, Omán, Baréin y Catar, han conocido un aumento significativo tanto de la mano de obra inmigrante como de la urbanización. La mayoría de los trabajadores inmigrantes viene del sur y del sudeste de Asia, existiendo un pequeño número de expatriados de otras regiones. La apabullante mayoría de estos trabajadores extranjeros vive y trabaja en las ciudades, que se han convertido no solamente en un lugar de encuentro para los hablantes de distintas lenguas, sino también en un laboratorio lingüístico donde un nuevo tipo de comunicación entre las diferentes etnias, generalmente conocido como pidgin del Golfo Pérsico, ha aparecido en, aproximadamente, los últimos cuarenta años. Este artículo describe las características principales de la fonología, morfología, sintaxis y léxico de este pidgin poco investigado. El trabajo también trata las diferentes fuentes de estas características: las lenguas maternas de los hablantes, los registros del árabe como lengua extranjera, la gramaticalización, el árabe del Golfo y el inglés.
... 6 For an analysis of syllable restructuring in early Pijin, see Avram (2005) and (2007a). 7 F... more ... 6 For an analysis of syllable restructuring in early Pijin, see Avram (2005) and (2007a). 7 For a discussion of these issues see Hancock (1977) and Avram (2000). 8 Also called Plantation Pidgin (Jourdan and Keesing 1997). 9 MPE = Melanesian Pidgin English. Page 7. ...
ABSTRACT Recently, a test battery was developed with the goal of assessing perception of F 0 in l... more ABSTRACT Recently, a test battery was developed with the goal of assessing perception of F 0 in linguistic, but language-independent, contexts by listeners from different language backgrounds. Test validation using Dutch, Italian and Romanian listeners generally showed comparable performance. In this study we present cross-language results on how F 0 contributes to prominence perception in Dutch (a Germanic language) and Italian and Romanian (Romance languages), as well as on how F 0 trades off with duration, a second important cue to prominence. We discuss implications of these results for the language-independent set-up of the test battery.
Cambridge Journals Online (CJO) is the e-publishing service for over 270 journals published by Ca... more Cambridge Journals Online (CJO) is the e-publishing service for over 270 journals published by Cambridge University Press and is entirely developed and hosted in-house. The platform's powerful capacity and reliable performance are maintained by a combination of our own expertise ...
Page 1. Journal of Language Contact – VARIA 3 (2010) www. jlc-journal.org AN OUTLINE OF ROMANIAN ... more Page 1. Journal of Language Contact – VARIA 3 (2010) www. jlc-journal.org AN OUTLINE OF ROMANIAN PIDGIN ARABIC Andrei A. Avram University of Bucharest Abstract This paper looks at Romanian Pidgin Arabic, a contact ...
Page 1. The English creole now known as 'Pitkern-Norfolk' is spoken as a community lang... more Page 1. The English creole now known as 'Pitkern-Norfolk' is spoken as a community language only on the widely separated Pitcairn and Nor-folk Islands in the Pacific Ocean. Scholars divide the pidgins and creoles of English into two broad types: Atlantic and Pacific. ...
OBJECTIVES: The auditory speech sounds evaluation 2009 test battery for assessment of speech pitc... more OBJECTIVES: The auditory speech sounds evaluation 2009 test battery for assessment of speech pitch perception is presented. It was designed to (a) assess perception of pitch in linguistic contexts without the confounds of secondary acoustic cues, (b) be usable with listeners from different language backgrounds, and (c) be suitable for use in a clinical setting. The need for this test battery arises from increased awareness of the importance of prosody in clinical practice, and the development of methods for improving pitch perception in listeners with profound hearing losses. METHODS: Identification and discrimination tasks based on linguistic contexts were developed to establish listeners' just noticeable differences (JNDs) for pitch changes. Stimuli were pseudosentences and pseudowords based on speech from a female speaker, overlain with stylized pitch contours. Target pitch excursions were varied from the 200 Hz baseline to a maximum of 349 Hz. Ninety normal-hearing listeners participated in test validation that assessed goals (a)-(c), established test-retest reliability, and gathered normative data. RESULTS: The JNDs on non-linguistic, control tasks were lower than on linguistic ones, showing that non-linguistic tasks may overestimate pitch perception in speech. Listeners from different language backgrounds scored comparably on most linguistic tasks, and test-retest differences were non-significant. Test usability as evidenced by task duration and subject experience seemed satisfactory for clinical use.
... As the name suggests, one of the basic assumptions of NLP is that we can programme our mind t... more ... As the name suggests, one of the basic assumptions of NLP is that we can programme our mind to respond in a desired way to stimuli from inside us or from the environment. Neurolinguistic Programming, therefore, operates in a similar way to Pavlov's conditioning. ...
This paper draws on both diachronic and synchronic data and presents the attestations in Grenada ... more This paper draws on both diachronic and synchronic data and presents the attestations in Grenada Creole English of the diagnostic features of English-lexifier pidgins and creoles proposed by . This is followed by a comparison of the distribution of these features in Grenada Creole English and in the seven Atlantic Englishlexifier contact languages considered by , and the quantification of the affinities of Grenada Creole English with several Eastern Caribbean varieties: Antiguan, Bajan, Kittitian, the Creole of Trinidad and Tobago, and Vincentian. A number of selected diagnostic features recorded in Grenada Creole English are then discussed in terms of their provenance, their relevance to the Western -Eastern Caribbean creoles divide, and their classification.
Papia Revista Brasileira De Estudos Crioulos E Similares, Jun 1, 2013
The paper looks at the Dutch-derived loanwords attested in three Asian Portuguese-lexifier Creole... more The paper looks at the Dutch-derived loanwords attested in three Asian Portuguese-lexifier Creoles: Sri Lanka Portuguese Creole, Malacca Portuguese Creole, and Batavia and Tugu Portuguese Creole. The loanwords of Dutch origin identified in each of the Creoles at issue are first listed, with the proposed etyma. This is followed by an analysis of other etyma suggested, of the phonological adjustment of Dutch-derived words, and of the semantic changes some of these lexical items undergo. Also included are a comparison of the semantic fields in which Dutch loanwords are found and of their proportion in the lexicon of the three Creoles considered, as well as a discussion of the constant decrease in the use of Dutch-derived words in the modern varieties of Sri Lanka Portuguese Creole and Malacca Portuguese Creole.
The paper is an overview of the structural features of the phonology, morphology, syntax and voca... more The paper is an overview of the structural features of the phonology, morphology, syntax and vocabulary of Yokohama Pidgin Japanese, an under researched contact language. The data examined are from a corpus which includes records not analyzed in previous work on this 19 th century variety of pidginized Japanese.
Cambridge Journals Online (CJO) is the e-publishing service for over 270 journals published by Ca... more Cambridge Journals Online (CJO) is the e-publishing service for over 270 journals published by Cambridge University Press and is entirely developed and hosted in-house. The platform's powerful capacity and reliable performance are maintained by a combination of our own expertise ...
ABSTRACT Ever since the oil boom of the 1970s, Saudi Arabia and the countries on the western coas... more ABSTRACT Ever since the oil boom of the 1970s, Saudi Arabia and the countries on the western coast of the Arab Gulf, i.e. Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Bahrain, and Qatar, have been witnessing both a significant increase in their non-national labour force and considerable urbanization. Most of the immigrant workers come from South and South-East Asia, with smaller number of expatriates from other regions. The overwhelming majority of these foreign workers live and work in the cities, which have thus become not only a meeting place of speakers of a variety of languages, but also a linguistic laboratory in which a new means of interethnic communication, generally known as Gulf Pidgin Arabic, has emerged in approximately the last 40 years. The present paper describes the main features of the phonology, morphology, syntax, and vocabulary of this still under researched pidgin. Also discussed are the various sources of these features: the speakers’ first languages, the Foreigner Talk register of Arabic, grammaticalization, Gulf Arabic, and English. RESUMEN “Trabajadores inmigrantes y formación de la lengua: el pidgin del Golfo Pérsico” Desde el boom del petróleo de los años setenta, Arabia Saudí y los países de la costa oeste del Golfo Pérsico, i.e. Kuwait, Emiratos Árabes Unidos, Omán, Baréin y Catar, han conocido un aumento significativo tanto de la mano de obra inmigrante como de la urbanización. La mayoría de los trabajadores inmigrantes viene del sur y del sudeste de Asia, existiendo un pequeño número de expatriados de otras regiones. La apabullante mayoría de estos trabajadores extranjeros vive y trabaja en las ciudades, que se han convertido no solamente en un lugar de encuentro para los hablantes de distintas lenguas, sino también en un laboratorio lingüístico donde un nuevo tipo de comunicación entre las diferentes etnias, generalmente conocido como pidgin del Golfo Pérsico, ha aparecido en, aproximadamente, los últimos cuarenta años. Este artículo describe las características principales de la fonología, morfología, sintaxis y léxico de este pidgin poco investigado. El trabajo también trata las diferentes fuentes de estas características: las lenguas maternas de los hablantes, los registros del árabe como lengua extranjera, la gramaticalización, el árabe del Golfo y el inglés.
... 6 For an analysis of syllable restructuring in early Pijin, see Avram (2005) and (2007a). 7 F... more ... 6 For an analysis of syllable restructuring in early Pijin, see Avram (2005) and (2007a). 7 For a discussion of these issues see Hancock (1977) and Avram (2000). 8 Also called Plantation Pidgin (Jourdan and Keesing 1997). 9 MPE = Melanesian Pidgin English. Page 7. ...
ABSTRACT Recently, a test battery was developed with the goal of assessing perception of F 0 in l... more ABSTRACT Recently, a test battery was developed with the goal of assessing perception of F 0 in linguistic, but language-independent, contexts by listeners from different language backgrounds. Test validation using Dutch, Italian and Romanian listeners generally showed comparable performance. In this study we present cross-language results on how F 0 contributes to prominence perception in Dutch (a Germanic language) and Italian and Romanian (Romance languages), as well as on how F 0 trades off with duration, a second important cue to prominence. We discuss implications of these results for the language-independent set-up of the test battery.
Cambridge Journals Online (CJO) is the e-publishing service for over 270 journals published by Ca... more Cambridge Journals Online (CJO) is the e-publishing service for over 270 journals published by Cambridge University Press and is entirely developed and hosted in-house. The platform's powerful capacity and reliable performance are maintained by a combination of our own expertise ...
Page 1. Journal of Language Contact – VARIA 3 (2010) www. jlc-journal.org AN OUTLINE OF ROMANIAN ... more Page 1. Journal of Language Contact – VARIA 3 (2010) www. jlc-journal.org AN OUTLINE OF ROMANIAN PIDGIN ARABIC Andrei A. Avram University of Bucharest Abstract This paper looks at Romanian Pidgin Arabic, a contact ...
Page 1. The English creole now known as 'Pitkern-Norfolk' is spoken as a community lang... more Page 1. The English creole now known as 'Pitkern-Norfolk' is spoken as a community language only on the widely separated Pitcairn and Nor-folk Islands in the Pacific Ocean. Scholars divide the pidgins and creoles of English into two broad types: Atlantic and Pacific. ...
OBJECTIVES: The auditory speech sounds evaluation 2009 test battery for assessment of speech pitc... more OBJECTIVES: The auditory speech sounds evaluation 2009 test battery for assessment of speech pitch perception is presented. It was designed to (a) assess perception of pitch in linguistic contexts without the confounds of secondary acoustic cues, (b) be usable with listeners from different language backgrounds, and (c) be suitable for use in a clinical setting. The need for this test battery arises from increased awareness of the importance of prosody in clinical practice, and the development of methods for improving pitch perception in listeners with profound hearing losses. METHODS: Identification and discrimination tasks based on linguistic contexts were developed to establish listeners' just noticeable differences (JNDs) for pitch changes. Stimuli were pseudosentences and pseudowords based on speech from a female speaker, overlain with stylized pitch contours. Target pitch excursions were varied from the 200 Hz baseline to a maximum of 349 Hz. Ninety normal-hearing listeners participated in test validation that assessed goals (a)-(c), established test-retest reliability, and gathered normative data. RESULTS: The JNDs on non-linguistic, control tasks were lower than on linguistic ones, showing that non-linguistic tasks may overestimate pitch perception in speech. Listeners from different language backgrounds scored comparably on most linguistic tasks, and test-retest differences were non-significant. Test usability as evidenced by task duration and subject experience seemed satisfactory for clinical use.
... As the name suggests, one of the basic assumptions of NLP is that we can programme our mind t... more ... As the name suggests, one of the basic assumptions of NLP is that we can programme our mind to respond in a desired way to stimuli from inside us or from the environment. Neurolinguistic Programming, therefore, operates in a similar way to Pavlov's conditioning. ...
This paper draws on both diachronic and synchronic data and presents the attestations in Grenada ... more This paper draws on both diachronic and synchronic data and presents the attestations in Grenada Creole English of the diagnostic features of English-lexifier pidgins and creoles proposed by . This is followed by a comparison of the distribution of these features in Grenada Creole English and in the seven Atlantic Englishlexifier contact languages considered by , and the quantification of the affinities of Grenada Creole English with several Eastern Caribbean varieties: Antiguan, Bajan, Kittitian, the Creole of Trinidad and Tobago, and Vincentian. A number of selected diagnostic features recorded in Grenada Creole English are then discussed in terms of their provenance, their relevance to the Western -Eastern Caribbean creoles divide, and their classification.
Papia Revista Brasileira De Estudos Crioulos E Similares, Jun 1, 2013
The paper looks at the Dutch-derived loanwords attested in three Asian Portuguese-lexifier Creole... more The paper looks at the Dutch-derived loanwords attested in three Asian Portuguese-lexifier Creoles: Sri Lanka Portuguese Creole, Malacca Portuguese Creole, and Batavia and Tugu Portuguese Creole. The loanwords of Dutch origin identified in each of the Creoles at issue are first listed, with the proposed etyma. This is followed by an analysis of other etyma suggested, of the phonological adjustment of Dutch-derived words, and of the semantic changes some of these lexical items undergo. Also included are a comparison of the semantic fields in which Dutch loanwords are found and of their proportion in the lexicon of the three Creoles considered, as well as a discussion of the constant decrease in the use of Dutch-derived words in the modern varieties of Sri Lanka Portuguese Creole and Malacca Portuguese Creole.
The paper is an overview of the structural features of the phonology, morphology, syntax and voca... more The paper is an overview of the structural features of the phonology, morphology, syntax and vocabulary of Yokohama Pidgin Japanese, an under researched contact language. The data examined are from a corpus which includes records not analyzed in previous work on this 19 th century variety of pidginized Japanese.
Cambridge Journals Online (CJO) is the e-publishing service for over 270 journals published by Ca... more Cambridge Journals Online (CJO) is the e-publishing service for over 270 journals published by Cambridge University Press and is entirely developed and hosted in-house. The platform's powerful capacity and reliable performance are maintained by a combination of our own expertise ...
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