Članek obravnava rezultate meritev spravila navzgor z gozdarskim traktorjem WOODY 110 in prilagoj... more Članek obravnava rezultate meritev spravila navzgor z gozdarskim traktorjem WOODY 110 in prilagojenim kmetijskim traktorjem s pogonom na štiri kolesa AGT 835 z mehanskim in hidrostatsko-mehanskim pogonom. Namen analize je bilo ugotavljanje maksimalnih bremen. Oba traktorja sta zelo različna in sta bila izbrana zato, da bi ocenili zmogljivosti traktorjev pri spravilu lesa navzgor. Poleg naklona vlake so bile spremenljivke še vnaprej določene velikosti bremen in njihove orientacije (z debelim oz. tanjšim koncem naprej). Meritve so bile opravljene v gozdu na dveh testnih vlakah konkavne oblike. Vlake so imele v spodnjem delu majhen naklon, ki se je pri vlaki za WOODY 110 povzpel na 42 % in na 27 % na vlaki, kjer je bil merjen AGT 835. Bremena so bila vlečena navzgor z debelim in v drugem poskusu s tankim koncem pri traktorju. Namen je bil izbrati pretežka bremena za takšne naklone, da bi se traktor zaradi preobremenitve zaustavil pri nekem naklonu vlake. Pokazalo se je, da je pri sprav...
Podatkovni center ali racunalniski center je prostor, v katerega namescamo racunalniske sisteme i... more Podatkovni center ali racunalniski center je prostor, v katerega namescamo racunalniske sisteme in z njimi povezane sestavne dele, kot so sistemi za shranjevanje podatkov in telekomunikacije. Za primerno delovanje namescene racunalniske opreme je v podatkovne centre vgrajena infrastruktura sestavljena iz podsistemov za napajanje, hlajenje, telekomunikacijskega ožicenja, omar oz. prostora za namescanje racunalniske opreme, fizicne zascite in nadzornega sistema za vodenje. V diplomskem delu se posvecamo problematiki nacrtovanja sodobnih podatkovnih centrov iz vidika razpoložljivosti, zagotavljanja primernih delovnih pogojev za vgrajeno racunalnisko opremo (napajanje in hlajenje) in energijske ucinkovitosti. Posebej se osredotocamo na sisteme hlajenja in napajanja, ki poleg racunalniske opreme predstavljata energijsko najbolj potratna dela infrastrukture podatkovnih centrov. Diplomsko delo je sestavljeno iz vec poglavij. Najprej so predstavljeni posamezni gradniki infrastrukture podatkovnih centrov. V nadaljevanju so predstavljeni standardi in smernice za nacrtovanje infrastrukture podatkovnih centrov, podana je metodologija nacrtovanja podatkovnih centrov. V posebnem poglavju je predstavljen tudi eden od nacinov modeliranja in simuliranja sistemov hlajenja. Nadalje je predstavljena problematika vodenja sistemov podatkovnih centrov, v locenem poglavju pa pogled na prakso s primerom izvedenega podatkovnega centra. Na koncu diplomskega dela je tudi seznam uporabljene literature, ki naj bralcu služi kot dodaten vir informacij k pricujocemu delu.
By increasing the diversity of conditions influencing the forest operation we are often faced wit... more By increasing the diversity of conditions influencing the forest operation we are often faced with the dilemma of combining Motor manual and Cut to length technologies. The results of time study and productivity of cutting and skidding operation in mixed stands with a substantial proportion of deciduous trees are presented. Older pole stand was divided into four homogeneous strata in which forest operation was executed by applying two different technologies (motor manual and cut to length), each on two research areas. The objective of this study was to identify the influential factors which could be used as guidelines in the decision support system evaluating the suitability of both technologies. The results show that the mechanized cutting productivity is statistically significantly different for different tree morphological characteristics. In order to set up general guidelines it was established that the productivity in stands with single-trunked, short crown and thin branches processed with Cut-to-length technology is 25% higher than in the comparable stands consisting of multi-trunked trees, deep crowns with thick branches in terms of diameter at breast height structure.
Izvle ek Prispevek predstavlja analizo koledarskega asa in delovnih u inkov dveh ži nic Syncrofal... more Izvle ek Prispevek predstavlja analizo koledarskega asa in delovnih u inkov dveh ži nic Syncrofalke na Tolminskem. Koledarski as je obravnavan po mednarodni metodologiji IUFRO. Delimo ga na koledarski as delovnega mesta, to je 261 dni, in na koledarski as zunaj delovnega mesta, ki znaša 104 dni letno. Za vsak dan upoštevamo 8 ur, kar velja tudi v slovenski delovni zakonodaji, zato znaša koledarski asi delovnega mesta 2.088 ur letno. Koledarski as je bil spremljan od za etka julija 2002 do konca marca 2004, skupaj za dve opazovani ži nici 1.270 koledarskih dni. V tem asu sta ži nici na 79 linijah obratovali skupaj 709 dni, povpre no 204 dni na leto na ži nico. Produktivni delovni as, kamor se šteje le spravilo, je znašal v povpre ju 132 dni. Povpre na dolžina linije, ki je od stolpa do zadnjega škripca v povpre ju merila 336 m, je imela 0,62 vmesne podpore na linijo. Povpre na razdalja spravila po nosilni vrvi je 208 m, razdalja zbiranja pa dobrih 34 m. Delež linij za spravilo navzgor je 62 %. Povpre na koli ina lesa na ciklus je 1,04 m 3 (1,12 t), na linijo pa 300 m 3 , od tega 83 % listavcev. Spremljanje koledarskega asa, za kar skrbi delovna skupina pri stroju, je dober pripomo ek za dolgoro no spremljanje in analiziranje niza parametrov u inkovitosti pri delu, doseganja u inkov stroja in primerjave med stroji ter tudi za obra unavanje opravljenega dela. Klju ne besede: koledarski as stroja, ži na naprava, študij dela, u inki pri delu, Syncrofalke, Tolminsko, Slovenija
International Journal of Forest Engineering, Sep 2, 2015
Forest engineers have used work studies for decades, with the main purpose of improving operation... more Forest engineers have used work studies for decades, with the main purpose of improving operational efficiency. However, a recent shift in the priorities of forest management and the availability of new study techniques may be changing this picture. A global survey was conducted in order to determine the main goal of the work studies conducted today, who funds them, what techniques are used to overcome specific methodological challenges, and the likely future of forest work study technique. Responses were obtained from 175 forest operations researchers. Although biased towards European university researchers, the survey covered all continents and all major research institutions dealing with forest work studies. The survey highlighted that the main goal of forest work studies has remained the same, but focus has shifted from wage setting to system optimization. Study scope is now wider than simple performance evaluation, and it often includes site impact assessment. National funding still plays an important role in supporting forest work studies. Forest work study researchers still use relatively basic techniques and instruments, although GPS devices and data loggers are increasingly used to integrate manual data collection. Very few believe that manual time studies will disappear in the near future. Most respondents think that classic time studies are crucial to promote innovation and maintain the competitive edge of forest industries. All in all, the survey describes a vital sector of forest engineering, where down-to-earth conservatism mixes with the propulsive energy of new ideas and technologies.
Članek obravnava rezultate meritev spravila navzgor z gozdarskim traktorjem WOODY 110 in prilagoj... more Članek obravnava rezultate meritev spravila navzgor z gozdarskim traktorjem WOODY 110 in prilagojenim kmetijskim traktorjem s pogonom na štiri kolesa AGT 835 z mehanskim in hidrostatsko-mehanskim pogonom. Namen analize je bilo ugotavljanje maksimalnih bremen. Oba traktorja sta zelo različna in sta bila izbrana zato, da bi ocenili zmogljivosti traktorjev pri spravilu lesa navzgor. Poleg naklona vlake so bile spremenljivke še vnaprej določene velikosti bremen in njihove orientacije (z debelim oz. tanjšim koncem naprej). Meritve so bile opravljene v gozdu na dveh testnih vlakah konkavne oblike. Vlake so imele v spodnjem delu majhen naklon, ki se je pri vlaki za WOODY 110 povzpel na 42 % in na 27 % na vlaki, kjer je bil merjen AGT 835. Bremena so bila vlečena navzgor z debelim in v drugem poskusu s tankim koncem pri traktorju. Namen je bil izbrati pretežka bremena za takšne naklone, da bi se traktor zaradi preobremenitve zaustavil pri nekem naklonu vlake. Pokazalo se je, da je pri sprav...
Podatkovni center ali racunalniski center je prostor, v katerega namescamo racunalniske sisteme i... more Podatkovni center ali racunalniski center je prostor, v katerega namescamo racunalniske sisteme in z njimi povezane sestavne dele, kot so sistemi za shranjevanje podatkov in telekomunikacije. Za primerno delovanje namescene racunalniske opreme je v podatkovne centre vgrajena infrastruktura sestavljena iz podsistemov za napajanje, hlajenje, telekomunikacijskega ožicenja, omar oz. prostora za namescanje racunalniske opreme, fizicne zascite in nadzornega sistema za vodenje. V diplomskem delu se posvecamo problematiki nacrtovanja sodobnih podatkovnih centrov iz vidika razpoložljivosti, zagotavljanja primernih delovnih pogojev za vgrajeno racunalnisko opremo (napajanje in hlajenje) in energijske ucinkovitosti. Posebej se osredotocamo na sisteme hlajenja in napajanja, ki poleg racunalniske opreme predstavljata energijsko najbolj potratna dela infrastrukture podatkovnih centrov. Diplomsko delo je sestavljeno iz vec poglavij. Najprej so predstavljeni posamezni gradniki infrastrukture podatkovnih centrov. V nadaljevanju so predstavljeni standardi in smernice za nacrtovanje infrastrukture podatkovnih centrov, podana je metodologija nacrtovanja podatkovnih centrov. V posebnem poglavju je predstavljen tudi eden od nacinov modeliranja in simuliranja sistemov hlajenja. Nadalje je predstavljena problematika vodenja sistemov podatkovnih centrov, v locenem poglavju pa pogled na prakso s primerom izvedenega podatkovnega centra. Na koncu diplomskega dela je tudi seznam uporabljene literature, ki naj bralcu služi kot dodaten vir informacij k pricujocemu delu.
By increasing the diversity of conditions influencing the forest operation we are often faced wit... more By increasing the diversity of conditions influencing the forest operation we are often faced with the dilemma of combining Motor manual and Cut to length technologies. The results of time study and productivity of cutting and skidding operation in mixed stands with a substantial proportion of deciduous trees are presented. Older pole stand was divided into four homogeneous strata in which forest operation was executed by applying two different technologies (motor manual and cut to length), each on two research areas. The objective of this study was to identify the influential factors which could be used as guidelines in the decision support system evaluating the suitability of both technologies. The results show that the mechanized cutting productivity is statistically significantly different for different tree morphological characteristics. In order to set up general guidelines it was established that the productivity in stands with single-trunked, short crown and thin branches processed with Cut-to-length technology is 25% higher than in the comparable stands consisting of multi-trunked trees, deep crowns with thick branches in terms of diameter at breast height structure.
Izvle ek Prispevek predstavlja analizo koledarskega asa in delovnih u inkov dveh ži nic Syncrofal... more Izvle ek Prispevek predstavlja analizo koledarskega asa in delovnih u inkov dveh ži nic Syncrofalke na Tolminskem. Koledarski as je obravnavan po mednarodni metodologiji IUFRO. Delimo ga na koledarski as delovnega mesta, to je 261 dni, in na koledarski as zunaj delovnega mesta, ki znaša 104 dni letno. Za vsak dan upoštevamo 8 ur, kar velja tudi v slovenski delovni zakonodaji, zato znaša koledarski asi delovnega mesta 2.088 ur letno. Koledarski as je bil spremljan od za etka julija 2002 do konca marca 2004, skupaj za dve opazovani ži nici 1.270 koledarskih dni. V tem asu sta ži nici na 79 linijah obratovali skupaj 709 dni, povpre no 204 dni na leto na ži nico. Produktivni delovni as, kamor se šteje le spravilo, je znašal v povpre ju 132 dni. Povpre na dolžina linije, ki je od stolpa do zadnjega škripca v povpre ju merila 336 m, je imela 0,62 vmesne podpore na linijo. Povpre na razdalja spravila po nosilni vrvi je 208 m, razdalja zbiranja pa dobrih 34 m. Delež linij za spravilo navzgor je 62 %. Povpre na koli ina lesa na ciklus je 1,04 m 3 (1,12 t), na linijo pa 300 m 3 , od tega 83 % listavcev. Spremljanje koledarskega asa, za kar skrbi delovna skupina pri stroju, je dober pripomo ek za dolgoro no spremljanje in analiziranje niza parametrov u inkovitosti pri delu, doseganja u inkov stroja in primerjave med stroji ter tudi za obra unavanje opravljenega dela. Klju ne besede: koledarski as stroja, ži na naprava, študij dela, u inki pri delu, Syncrofalke, Tolminsko, Slovenija
International Journal of Forest Engineering, Sep 2, 2015
Forest engineers have used work studies for decades, with the main purpose of improving operation... more Forest engineers have used work studies for decades, with the main purpose of improving operational efficiency. However, a recent shift in the priorities of forest management and the availability of new study techniques may be changing this picture. A global survey was conducted in order to determine the main goal of the work studies conducted today, who funds them, what techniques are used to overcome specific methodological challenges, and the likely future of forest work study technique. Responses were obtained from 175 forest operations researchers. Although biased towards European university researchers, the survey covered all continents and all major research institutions dealing with forest work studies. The survey highlighted that the main goal of forest work studies has remained the same, but focus has shifted from wage setting to system optimization. Study scope is now wider than simple performance evaluation, and it often includes site impact assessment. National funding still plays an important role in supporting forest work studies. Forest work study researchers still use relatively basic techniques and instruments, although GPS devices and data loggers are increasingly used to integrate manual data collection. Very few believe that manual time studies will disappear in the near future. Most respondents think that classic time studies are crucial to promote innovation and maintain the competitive edge of forest industries. All in all, the survey describes a vital sector of forest engineering, where down-to-earth conservatism mixes with the propulsive energy of new ideas and technologies.
With the new Forest Act (1993) the Public Forest Service of Slovenia was founded, and at the same... more With the new Forest Act (1993) the Public Forest Service of Slovenia was founded, and at the same time the forest enterprises started to work as a companies with mixed capital. The traditional connections between silvicultural part of forest management and forest operations were broken due to different interest and positions of foresters that are employed in public or private domain. This could be a thread also to the quality of forest work, specially to the damage of the standing trees in forest where clearcuts are forbidden. The paper deals with the problem, how to avoid increasing damages despite present silvicultural praxis with present technology of logging are not very well connected.
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