Papers by Bernd Scholz-Reiter
Maintenance Work Order Based on Event-Driven Information of Condition-Monitoring Systems—A Genetic Algorithm for Scheduling and Rescheduling of Dynamic Maintenance Orders
Lecture Notes in Logistics, 2013
ABSTRACT By being able to calculate a machines remaining lifetime, event-driven maintenance actio... more ABSTRACT By being able to calculate a machines remaining lifetime, event-driven maintenance actions can be initiated and scheduled ad-hoc into the existing working plan. Today’s maintenance management systems work mainly based on regular and cyclic services. This paper describes a new methodology to prioritize event-driven maintenance workloads driven by information from condition monitoring systems. It proposes an approach to rebuild an existing working plan automatically exploiting genetic algorithms. Accordingly, the paper gives a valuable insight regarding requirements for the integration of condition monitoring systems into maintenance operation and a possible approach to solve this issue.
Computer Graphics and Imaging / 798: Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition and Applications, 2013
The automated handling of universal logistic goods through robotic systems requires suitable and ... more The automated handling of universal logistic goods through robotic systems requires suitable and reliable methods for categorizing different logistic goods. They must be able to detect the pose of different types and sizes of logistic goods in order to identify possible gripping points or for selecting a suitable gripping system for the detected object type. For this purpose, Time-of-Flight or Structured Light sensors can deliver a dense 3D representation of the investigated scenario. This paper presents a 3D object categorization system for logistic goods based on synthetically generated model data. We generate the model data by using a sensor simulation framework for different TOF-sensor types. The framework creates point clouds of self-defined geometric models of logistic goods or CAD data. Afterwards, we use these synthetic point clouds for generating a suitable model database offline. In order to evaluate our approach, we describe the synthetic point clouds by global point feature description techniques to distinguish between different types of logistic goods. Finally, we evaluate our concept with real sensor data from different logistic goods.
Due to highly cross-linked material flows with various dependences the dynamics of job-shop-syste... more Due to highly cross-linked material flows with various dependences the dynamics of job-shop-systems is often complex. In order to improve the understanding of these dynamics and to support the system's design, planning and control simulation is applied. Based on the discrete properties of job-shop-systems mostly discrete-event simulation (DES) is employed. However, DES entails rather high modeling efforts and is limited in its time frames. In this article we investigate the potentials of a continuous modeling approach and apply the derived model to study the impact of external market dynamics on the system's behavior and its logistics key figures.
Combined Categorization and Localization of Logistic Goods Using Superquadrics
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2013
The detection and pose estimation of various shaped objects in real world cluttered application s... more The detection and pose estimation of various shaped objects in real world cluttered application scenarios is a major technical challenge due to noisy sensor data and possible occlusions. Usually, a predefined model database is utilized for implementing a robust and reliable object detection system. Geometric models based on superquadrics have shown great potential and flexibility for representing a variety of shapes by using only a few parameters. In this paper, we propose a novel method concerning superquadric based Segment-then-fit approach and evaluate it in a logistic application scenario. The method utilizes boundary and region information to recover different types of convex shaped logistic goods in cluttered scenarios for automated handling by means of unorganized point cloud data. We have evaluated our approach using synthetic and multiple real sensor data on several packaging scenarios with various shaped logistic goods.
3D-Computer Vision for Automation of Logistic Processes
Lecture Notes in Logistics, 2013
The availability of low-cost range sensors has led to several innovative implementations and solu... more The availability of low-cost range sensors has led to several innovative implementations and solutions in various application fields like object recognition and localization, scene understanding, human-robot interaction or measurement of objects. The transfer of the corresponding methods and techniques to logistic processes needs the consideration of specific requirements. A logistic application field that requires robust and reliable 3D vision systems is automated handling of universal logistic goods for (de-)palletizing or unloading of standard containers in the field of sea and air cargo. This paper presents a 3D-computer vision system for recognizing and localizing different shaped logistic goods for automated handling by robotic systems. The objective is to distinguish between different types of goods like boxes, barrels or sacks due to their geometric shape in point cloud data. The system is evaluated with sensor data from a low-cost range sensor and ideal simulated data representing different shaped logistic goods as well.
International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 2015
The disposition of rental articles constitutes a complex logistic problem. In general, those arti... more The disposition of rental articles constitutes a complex logistic problem. In general, those articles circulate in closed logistic systems and their order-oriented transport between different hubs within the network defines a variety of the Traveling-Salesman-Problem (TSP). As the complexity of this problem class grows with the number of parameters involved, resolving the TSP is a challenging task in daily business. This is especially the case in the field of event logistics, a business area, which extends the common problems related to rental articles with a dynamically changing logistic system. This paper addresses the application of methods from the field of autonomous control for the disposition of rental articles in event logistics with a special focus on the integration aspects. As information transparency is an indispensable requirement for the application of autonomous control, the provision of the corresponding hardware for identification, positioning and communication purposes is the first emphasis. The second is the design and integration of the related agent-based disposition software within the typical software landscape of a company. A small enterprise from the relevant business field serves as an example for the integration proceeding.
Verfahren und System zur automatisierten Übergabe von Stückgütern zwischen einem Lager und einem Transportmittel oder zwischen zwei Transportmitteln sowie Stückgut
Verfahren und System zur automatisierten Übergabe von Stückgütern zwischen einem Lager und einem ... more Verfahren und System zur automatisierten Übergabe von Stückgütern zwischen einem Lager und einem Transportmittel oder zwischen zwei Transportmitteln sowie Stückgut mit einer Identifizierungseinrichtung zur Identifizierung des Stückgutes, einer Selbstlokalisierungs- und -lagebestimmungseinrichtung zur Bestimmung von Ort und Lage des Stückgutes durch selbiges in einem ersten Koordinatensystem und mindestens einer Datensendeeinrichtung zum Senden von Identifikationsdaten von der Identifizierungseinrichtung und von Orts- und Lagedaten von der Selbstlokalisierungs- und -lagebestimmungseinrichtung. EN Procedure and system for the automated delivery of bulks between a camp and a means of transport or between two means of transport as well as bulk with an identification mechanism for the identification of the bulk, Selbstlokalisierungsund - determining position mechanism for the regulation of place and situation of the bulk by selbiges in first coordinate system and at least one data transm...
Towards Machine Vision based Surface Inspection of Micro-Parts
The mechanical manufacturing of micro-parts is characterized by short cycle times and high quanti... more The mechanical manufacturing of micro-parts is characterized by short cycle times and high quantities. Besides, low tolerances of only few micrometers require high process accuracies and an extensive quality control and management system. With focus on quality control, the use of flexible and robust machine vision techniques is necessary because the exact positioning of micro-parts is not always given and has to be virtually compensated. One of the most popular techniques for the off-line surface inspection of micro-parts is the confocale laser scanning microscopy. By obtaining high-resolution optical images with depth selectivity, it allows three-dimensional reconstructions of topologically-complex objects. We outline a machine vision based quality concept for the surface inspection of mirco-parts using these kinds of three dimensional images, called height maps.
Simulation eines RFID-Systems im KANBAN-Kartenkreislauf eines Produktionsunternehmens
PPS Management
A Framework for Systematic Design and Operation of Condition-Based Maintenance Systems: Application at a German Seaport
International Journal of Industrial Engineering
Ongoing improvement of logistics and intermodal transport leads to high requirements regarding av... more Ongoing improvement of logistics and intermodal transport leads to high requirements regarding availability of machine resources like straddle carriers or gantry cranes. Accordingly, efficient maintenance strategies for port equipment have to be established. The change to condition-based maintenance strategies promises to save resources while enhancing availability and reliability. This paper introduces a framework of methods and tools that enable the systematic design of condition-based maintenance systems on the one hand and offers integrated support for operating such systems on the other hand. The findings are evaluated based on a case-study of a German seaport and illustrate the usage of the system based on managing the equipping process of machines with sensors for condition monitoring as well as bringing the system into the operation phase.
Understanding Autonomous Cooperation and Control in Logistics
Understanding Autonomous Cooperation and Control in Logistics
International Journal of Production Management and Engineering, 2015
Production planning and control faces increasing uncertainty, dynamics and complexity. Autonomous... more Production planning and control faces increasing uncertainty, dynamics and complexity. Autonomous control methods proved themselves as a promising approach for coping with these challenges. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the interaction between autonomous control and precedent functions of production planning and control. In particular, up to now previous research has paid no attention to the influence of order release methods on the efficiency of autonomous control methods. Thereby, many researchers over the last decades provided evidence that the order release function has great influence on the logistic objective achievement in conventional production systems. Therefore, this paper examines the influence of order release methods on the efficiency of autonomous control methods by both theoretic evaluation and discrete event simulation. The simulation results indicate an overall high influence. Moreover, the logistic performance differs considerably depending on the implemented order release methods and the combinations of order release methods with autonomous control methods. The findings highlight demand for further research in this field.
Prediction of Process Stability in Laser-chemical Ablation by Using a Multivariate Gaussian Distribution
In micro manufacturing, a precise adjustment of manufacturing, handling and quality control proce... more In micro manufacturing, a precise adjustment of manufacturing, handling and quality control processes is an essential factor for success. The continuing miniaturization of work pieces and production devices results in ever decreasing tolerances. Thereby, so called size effect render the direct application of knowledge from the area of macro manufacturing impossible. Micro manufacturing process are more unstable and have lower tolerances than the macro ones. In this context, this article describes the application of multivariate Gaussian distributions to predict the stability of processes. During the design of micro manufacturing process chains, a variety of parameters has to be adjusted to each other. Using the Gaussian distributions, designers can predict if a certain combination results in stable processes or if they are likely to be unstable, based on experimental or production data.
Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2014
In micromanufacturing, a precise adjustment of manufacturing, handling, and quality control proce... more In micromanufacturing, a precise adjustment of manufacturing, handling, and quality control processes constitutes an essential factor for success. The continuing miniaturization of workpieces and production devices results in ever decreasing tolerances, whereas machines and processes become increasingly more specialized. Thereby, the so-called size effects render the direct application of knowledge from the area of macromanufacturing impossible. In this context, this paper describes the application of theμ-ProPlAn method for the configuration of an infeed rotary swaging process for microcomponents. At this, the cause-effect relationships between relevant process parameters are analyzed using stochastic regression models, in order to determine cost-efficient process configurations for the manufacturing of bulk and tubular microcomponents.
2012 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems (CYBER), 2012
Perishables need special conditions within the food supply chain like temperature or humidity. Th... more Perishables need special conditions within the food supply chain like temperature or humidity. There is a lack of information along the food supply chain (FSC) concerning temperatures for perishable goods. By integrating the Intelligent Container (IC) within the Internet of Things the lack of information will be eliminated and thus wastes of food will be reduced. The first step for this integration is to analyze common techniques in modeling supply chains and especially the FSC and create a model taking into consideration the concept of the IC. On this basis, technologies to generate information along the FSC are shown and the IC is linked to the Internet of Things. Finally, a logistic reference model will be deduced from the Internet of Things for perishables.
Neue Instandhaltungsstrategien in der Hafenlogistik - Ein Fallbeispiel für die zustandsorientierte Instandhaltung von Hafenumschlaggeräten
Throughout the whole lifecycle, maintenance activities generally have to be fulfilled regarding t... more Throughout the whole lifecycle, maintenance activities generally have to be fulfilled regarding technical systems. In logistics networks the creation of value at the nodes by means of rapid turnover is important, so that the availability of the production factor “machine” is essential. The increase in efficiency of support processes encompasses among others the maintenance of machines and installations. Within the paper, a procedure model with case study is presented, which illustrates the change-over to a condition-based maintenance strategy in the seaport surrounding.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and other wireless technologies are currently transitioning... more Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and other wireless technologies are currently transitioning from proto-type application towards real productive systems. Possible investments into these new technologies must meet economic criteria and generate a certain business value. Anyhow, estimating all cost factors and saving opportun-ities is difficult due to uncertainty in input data. This paper presents a review of current approaches to determine the business value of RFID systems. Moreover, it points out the most important factors that influence the busi-ness value and proposes additional concepts to handle uncertainty in the calculation of the business value of an RFID system.
Automation of Logistic Processes by Means of Locating and Analysing RFID-Transponder Data
Dynamics in Logistics, 2011
The fully automatic handling of objects, like the unloading of goods from containers, their place... more The fully automatic handling of objects, like the unloading of goods from containers, their place of deposition and previously unknown size and form represent a technical challenge for logistic processes. The ability of gathering information regarding the handled objects and their surroundings with the help of appropriate sensors is essential for the correct functioning of such a system. Existing systems with optical sensors already provide impressive results, but there is still room for improvement regarding reliability, dynamic and diversity of their processes. This article proposes a system concept which provides the desired information and resolves the described problems. It works with an RFID-transponder, which is attached to the object, a suitable locating procedure as well as an optical sensor technology and appropriate data analysis. In order to implement this system there is need for further research. It is especially necessary to develop appropriate locating procedures and real time analysis algorithms.
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Papers by Bernd Scholz-Reiter