Argopuro Arabica coffee is coffee grown in Klungkung Village, Sukorambi District, Jember Regency ... more Argopuro Arabica coffee is coffee grown in Klungkung Village, Sukorambi District, Jember Regency by the Santoso Farmer Group. Klungkung Arabica coffee needs to be tested together with specialty coffee to determine consumer acceptance in order to realize the desire of Klungkung Village farmer groups to market their products throughout Indonesia and even abroad. The purpose of this study is to determine the segmentation and positioning of Arabica coffee "Klungkung Coffee" with natural, honey, and fullwash processing. The data collection method used a questionnaire for organoleptic tests and coffee brightness tests. Data analysis using One Way Anova and MDS (Multi Dimensional Scaling). The research was conducted at the Macro Caffe Roastery from December 2020 to January 2021. It can be concluded that the segmentation of coffee products is targeted at male consumers, aged 20-29 years, educated students / college students with a high school education. Product positioning results that Argopuro Klungkung Arabica coffee that is ready to be developed is Klungkung Coffee with Fullwash and Honey processing. This can be seen on the proximity map which shows that Klungkung Fullwash and Honey coffees are close to specialty coffees (Aceh Gayo, Ijen Fullwash, and Bali Kintamani). This proximity means that Klungkung Coffee can compete with specialty coffee.
This is very interesting because Banjar Sengon is a village that has the potential of human and n... more This is very interesting because Banjar Sengon is a village that has the potential of human and natural resources. The tempeh industry is also not found, even though tempeh is widely consumed by the people in Banjar Sengon. Tempeh prices are getting more expensive in early 2022 due to high soybean prices. Due to the current difficulty in supplying expensive soybeans, several tofu and tempeh producers have begun to reduce production or stop production. This limitation of soybeans causes big problems for people who are usually consuming tofu and tempeh. Therefore, alternative types of koro beans must be provided to replace non-soybean raw materials. In this community service activity, the team has introduced koro beans as the raw material for making tempeh with a slight modification in the fermentation process. The results show that tempeh from koro gave high scores on performance, arome, taste, and texture, although the scores are still lower than soybean tempeh.
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aug 22, 2022
The rapid competition between business and sustainability policy has encouraged the coffee indust... more The rapid competition between business and sustainability policy has encouraged the coffee industry in Indonesia to make their business more environmentally friendly. However, this initiative has yet to be fully underway. Several inefficiencies still prevail in Arabica coffee production sites, such as product defects in inventory, the inefficiency of production machine performance, and dependence on manpower that can increase the production and inventory costs. Therefore, the Arabica coffee agroindustry needs to improve its performance by addressing these issues in production activity using the lean manufacturing approach. Several tools proven influential to reduce waste in the agroindustry are Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and VALSAT. VSM could document the entire mapping of material and information management, but cannot classify the time required to complete the whole process. VALSAT has several derivative tools, but polyacrylamide (PAM) and Supply Chain Response Matrix (SCRM) are mostly used in agroindustry to classify value-added time of processes and illustrate the supply chain cumulative inventory of a company. The result of this study shows that the Indonesian Arabica coffee industry could reduce its cycle time by 57%, lead time by 63%, and changeover time by 50%. In addition, the recommendations result in the involvement of only 2 people during the drying process and eliminate the nonvalue-added time, while improving the overall production efficiency and capacity.
J-dinamika: jurnal pengabdian masyarakat, Dec 30, 2022
Jagung adalah salah satu produk pertanian yang dihasilkan di Desa Curahnongko yang produksinya ce... more Jagung adalah salah satu produk pertanian yang dihasilkan di Desa Curahnongko yang produksinya cenderung meningkat. Berdasarkan data BPS Jember, potensi desa tersebut untuk komoditi jagung cukup besar yaitu 11.802 ton yang dari luas tanam 1.685 Ha. Sebagian besar jagung dijual dalam bentuk jagung pipilan, dengan menyisakan limbah batang, daun, klobot dan tongkol jagung. Tongkol jagung merupakan limbah terbesar (30%) dari buah jagung. Apabila dikonversikan dengan jumlah produksi jagung pada tahun 2017, maka Desa ini berpotensi memberikan limbah tongkol jagung sebanyak ± 3.540 ton. Limbah tersebut terhitung sangat banyak sehingga sangat potensial jika ditransformasi menjadi sesuatu yang bermanfaat secara tepat. Limbah tongkol jagung belum dimanfaatkan masyarakat dan dibiarkan berserakkan di lahan-lahan kosong membentuk timbunan yang besar dan tinggi. Seiring waktu, tongkol jagung ini akan rusak dan busuk sehingga menimbulkan bau yang mengganggu lingkungan dan kesehatan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan solusi terhadap limbah tersebut agar tidak mengganggu lingkungan dan kesehatan, serta mengubah limbah menjadi produk yang bermanfaat dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Solusi yang ditawarkan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut yaitu mengedukasi masyarakat tentang jumlah limbah tongkol jagung dan komposisi kimia, teknologi tepat guna dalam produksi pakan ternak dari tongkol jagung, serta melakukan perhitungan agribisnis dan pemasaran produk pakan ternak. Kata kunci-Tongkol jagung, pakan ternak, Curahnongko
This research aimed to observe S. cerevisiae and A. aceti induced fermentation of cocoa bean from... more This research aimed to observe S. cerevisiae and A. aceti induced fermentation of cocoa bean from Samarinda, Indonesia, in comparison to commercial cocoa bean in terms of microbial population, pH, total acids, total phenols, theobromine, antioxidant capacity, and FTIR profile. Cocoa beans were fermented with a boxed fermentation method resembling commercial plantation for four days at ambient box temperature (35-40°C). Four fermentation samples were produced which were spontaneous, 2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Acetobacter aceti, or mixed culture (S. cerevisiae and A. aceti) induced fermentations. Total Plate Count (TPC) and Total Yeast-Mold (TYM), pH, total phenol, theobromine, antioxidant activity, and FTIR analyses were performed according to the established method. There was no significant difference in the microbe population in all fermented cocoa. Mixed culture fermented cocoa had a slightly lower final pH. S. cerevisiae fermented cocoa produced the highest total phenol compare...
As the demand for materials suitable for edible film in food processing is increasing, the explor... more As the demand for materials suitable for edible film in food processing is increasing, the exploration of exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing fungi is important. Some fungi had been reported to produce extracellular polysaccharide having rheological properties potential as thickener and or plasticizer useful for edible film raw material. Therefore, this study was focused on isolation and identification of EPS-producing fungi from the plantation area surrounding the University of Jember, Indonesia. The fungal isolate obtained was morphologically identified based on mycelia and spore type, while its genotype was determined using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The optimum initial culture pH for EPS production was measured using shake flask culture fermentation. The rheological properties of the EPS were determined using Brookfield viscometer, and surface structure of EPS was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result showed that the mycelium of the isolate was reddish-brown and septated, its spores were formed as conidiospores. Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence of the fungus showed that the isolate is a new species. Therefore, it was designated as C. lunata isolate RJ01. Optimum initial pH for EPS production was pH 6.0, achieved after 5 days fermentation yielded 2.6 g L-1 of EPS. The EPS from C. lunata isolate RJ01 have no cytotoxic activity on vero cell. The rheological behavior of C. lunata EPS was viscous, and its surface structure of EPS was compact indicating its potency as thickening agent and plasticizer, a material required for edible film formation in food industries.
Biji kakao rakyat Desa Jambewangi, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur memiliki kualitas yang masih ... more Biji kakao rakyat Desa Jambewangi, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur memiliki kualitas yang masih rendah akibat belum adanya proses pengolahan primer biji kakao melalui teknologi fermentasi biji kakao. Permasalahan ini menyebabkan harga kakao sangat rendah. Program pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan softskill dan hardskill kelompok Tani Manggar Kencono, Desa Jambewangi dalam menerapkan Teknologi Tepat Guna (TTG) yang sederhana untuk mendukung kegiatan teknologi pengolahan hulu melalui teknologi fermentasi biji kakao dengan starter komersial dalam semi automatic fermentor terbuat dari kayu. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan sosialisasi dan praktek fermentasi menggunakan semi automatic fermentor dengan starter komersial Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan bakteri asam laktat Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota dari minuman yakult. Fermentasi dilakukan selama 4 hari. Peserta merupakan 25 orang anggota kelompok Tani Manggar Kencono yang berfokus pada kegiatan budidaya dan pengolahan biji kakao. Teknologi ini dapat meningkatkan kualitas biji kakao, sehingga biji kakao berpotensi mendapatkan harga ekonomi yang tinggi di pasaran biji kakao regional dan nasional. Setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini, kelompok Tani Manggar Kencono dapat mempraktekkannya teknik fermentasi biji kakao secara mandiri. Namun pengaplikasian teknik fermentasi ini hanya dilaksanakan ketika ada pesanan biji kakao terfermentasi saja yakni masih dibawah 50% dari total produksi.
JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics)
Jambewangi village cocoa farmers market their cocoa beans individually and in small quantities, s... more Jambewangi village cocoa farmers market their cocoa beans individually and in small quantities, so they’re in a low bargaining position. In addition to not optimally the role of each institution, they also haven’t coordinated and cooperated to promote cocoa. Researchers need to research to design institutional synergies in the agribusiness supply chain. The research was conducted in Jambewangi villages, the center of cocoa production in Banyuwangi. The supply chain design is based Soft System Methodology (SSM) approach through information from sources, farmers, and experts. Based on the SSM analysis, it can be concluded that: 1. There is a fundamental problem with the cocoa in Jambewangi village that farmers only produce unfermented cocoa beans, and sell them individually, so their bargaining position is low. Several institutions in the village haven’t played an optimal role in joint marketing, 2. There is no synergy between institutions at the farmer level, so they can’t protect fa...
Extracellular epiglucan produced by Epicoccum nigrum has been examined by in vitro analysis to sh... more Extracellular epiglucan produced by Epicoccum nigrum has been examined by in vitro analysis to show its potency as an antitumor substance against leucemia cell. The aims of this study were to ditermine the LC50 value and prebiotic activities of native and derivated epiglucan. The epiglucan was modified by sulfation and carboxymethilation methods. The result showed that LC50 of native epiglucan occur at concentration of 22 g/ml. This substance was chemically modified through sulfation and charboxymethilation process in order to increase its antitumor activity. Based on the value of LC50, the sulfated and carboxymethylated epiglucan have higher activity against leucemia cell compare to that of unmodified epiglucan. The LC50 value of suphated epiglucan is 14 µg/L, while the carboxymethylated one is 13 µg/L. Prebiotic activities of both sulfated and carboxymethylated epiglucan were also higher compare to the unmodified glucan since these two derivatives are able to elevate the growth ra...
Batch culture fermentation in CSTR system was operated under different agitation speeds and aerat... more Batch culture fermentation in CSTR system was operated under different agitation speeds and aeration rates in attempt to optimize production of -glucan from Epicoccum nigrum. It was found that its production was influenced by both of the agitation speed and aeration rate. However, the yields obtained were lower compared to that in shake flask culture, indicating that E. nigrum is sensitive to agitation speed and aeration rate. Keywords: E. nigrum, -glucan, batch culture fermentation in CST
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources
The rapid competition between business and sustainability policy has encouraged the coffee indust... more The rapid competition between business and sustainability policy has encouraged the coffee industry in Indonesia to make their business more environmentally friendly. However, this initiative has yet to be fully underway. Several inefficiencies still prevail in Arabica coffee production sites, such as product defects in inventory, the inefficiency of production machine performance, and dependence on manpower that can increase the production and inventory costs. Therefore, the Arabica coffee agroindustry needs to improve its performance by addressing these issues in production activity using the lean manufacturing approach. Several tools proven influential to reduce waste in the agroindustry are Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and VALSAT. VSM could document the entire mapping of material and information management, but cannot classify the time required to complete the whole process. VALSAT has several derivative tools, but polyacrylamide (PAM) and Supply Chain Response Matrix (SCRM) are m...
Daun tembakau sebagian besar digunakansebagai bahan baku rokok saat ini oleh industri rokok, wala... more Daun tembakau sebagian besar digunakansebagai bahan baku rokok saat ini oleh industri rokok, walaupun rokok dianggap kurang baik dari sisi kesehatan. Sementara daun tembakau jarang digunakan untuk bidang pangan dan kesehatan. Dalam penelitian ini, daun tembakau digunakan sebagai sumber minyak atsiri yang selanjutnya berfungsi sebagai senyawa antimikroba. Minyak atsiri didapatkan dengan cara destilasi uap daun tembakau kering, dan senyawa dalam minyak atsiri selanjutnya dideteksi dengan gas kromatografi mass spektra (GC-MS) sebelum diuji kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Hasil uji menunjukkan kadar air daun tembakau sebesar 79,67+1,29%, sedangkan rendemen dan berat jenis minyak atsiri daun tembakau sebesar 0,026+0,004% dan 0,934+0,169 g/ml. Komponen kimia minyak atsiri daun tembakau terdiri dari 39 komponen dengan 16 senyawa komponen utama antara lain asam 7-Octadecanoic, methyl ester (CAS) dan neophytadiene. Aktivitas antimikroba minyak atsiri daun tembaka...
An account is given of our efforts in the synthesis of homo- and heterocyclic silanes via occasio... more An account is given of our efforts in the synthesis of homo- and heterocyclic silanes via occasionally stable unsymmetrically substituted disilene intermediates of the A
Soap is a cleaning compound formed from the reaction between fatty acid compounds and alkaline ba... more Soap is a cleaning compound formed from the reaction between fatty acid compounds and alkaline bases. Various types of soap have been circulating in the market, one of which is liquid soap. Liquid soap that has antibacterial abilities is needed by many people. Moringa seed extract is one of the natural ingredients that can be used as an active ingredient in making liquid soap because it can inhibit bacterial growth. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the addition of extracts and to obtain the best extract concentration treatment on physical, chemical, and organoleptic. The addition of moringa seed extract used was administered at 3%, 5%, and 7%. Data analysis was carried out by applying the ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with a significant level of 5%. The De Garmo method was used to formulate the best liquid soap recommendation among various treatments. The results showed that the addition of moringa seed extract had a significant effect on the parameters of free alkali content, viscosity, specific gravity, antibacterial activity, and organoleptic. The best recommendation for liquid soap is a soap with a concentration of 7% with specific gravity characteristics of 1.066 g/ml, the viscosity of 1.983 cP, pH value of 10.53, foaming power of 5.63 cm, foam stability of 94.64%, and free alkali content of 0.023%, and the antibacterial ability against S. aureus bacteria (clear zone) was 19.17 mm.
Effort to improve the yield of bioetanol production from cassava peels were be carried out by sep... more Effort to improve the yield of bioetanol production from cassava peels were be carried out by separated hydrolysis fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification fermentation (SSF) using Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride and New Aule Instant Dry Yeast. The purpose of this research is to measure bioetanol production from cassava peels using three different culture methods i.e SHF1 (A. niger 24 hours +New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); SHF2 (T. viride 24 hours+New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); and SSF (A. niger + T. viride + New Aule Instant Dry Yeast). The research results showed SHF1 (2,58 g/l) produced higher ethanol than that of SHF2 (2,15). The methods of SSF eficiency produced ethanol (2,93 g/l) and faster (18 hours) compared the methods of SHF1 and SHF2 which need 48 hours incubation time to reach maximum level. Keywords: bioethanol, cassava peels, SHF, SSF, A.niger, T.viride, new aule instant dry yeast
Effort to improve the yield of bioetanol production from cassava peels were be carried out by sep... more Effort to improve the yield of bioetanol production from cassava peels were be carried out by separated hydrolysis fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification fermentation (SSF) using Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride and New Aule Instant Dry Yeast. The purpose of this research is to measure bioetanol production from cassava peels using three different culture methods i.e SHF1 (A. niger 24 hours +New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); SHF2 (T. viride 24 hours+New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); and SSF (A. niger + T. viride + New Aule Instant Dry Yeast). The research results showed SHF1 (2,58 g/l) produced higher ethanol than that of SHF2 (2,15). The methods of SSF eficiency produced ethanol (2,93 g/l) and faster (18 hours) compared the methods of SHF1 and SHF2 which need 48 hours incubation time to reach maximum level. Keywords: bioethanol, cassava peels, SHF, SSF, A.niger, T.viride, new aule instant dry yeast
Penggunaan inokulan (biang) dalam proses fermentasi kakao merupakan salah satu cara sederhana seb... more Penggunaan inokulan (biang) dalam proses fermentasi kakao merupakan salah satu cara sederhana sebagai upaya peningkatan kualitas produk kakao. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan observasi fermentasi kakao di skala petani menggunakan inokulan S. cerevisiae (Sc), A. aceti (Aa), dan kombinasi keduanya yang dilihat dari pengamatan harian angka lempeng total (ALT), populasi total bakteri asam laktat (BAL), populasi total kapang-khamir (Total Yeast-Mold, TYM), pH, total asam, aktivitas antioksidan dan spektrum FTIR. Pengamatan harian dilakukan selama empat hari periode fermentasi. Pengukuran FTIR dilakukan pada hari pertama dan hari terakhir fermentasi. Aktivitas antioksidan berdasarkan reduksi DPPH diukur setelah proses fermentasi berakhir. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama delapan bulan dengan dua kali pengulangan. Hasil menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan terhadap total bakteri, total BAL, dan total Kapang-Khamir selama hari pengamatan fermentasi. Total asam hasil akhir fermentasi tidak kurang dari 0,08±0,01% dengan pH biji kakao berkisar pada 4,31 hingga 5,92. Aktivitas antioksidan hasil fermentasi kakao yang cukup baik diperoleh dengan inokulan kombinasi S. cerevisiae (1% v/b) dan A. aceti (1% v/b). Berdasarkan observasi spektrum FTIR pada zona identifikasi, penggunaan kombinasi inokulan menunjukkan hasil yang konsisten mendekati kualitas kakao komersial. Penggunaan gabungan inokulan Sc dan Aa direkomendasikan untuk digunakan dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas fermentasi kakao oleh petani skala kecil.
Argopuro Arabica coffee is coffee grown in Klungkung Village, Sukorambi District, Jember Regency ... more Argopuro Arabica coffee is coffee grown in Klungkung Village, Sukorambi District, Jember Regency by the Santoso Farmer Group. Klungkung Arabica coffee needs to be tested together with specialty coffee to determine consumer acceptance in order to realize the desire of Klungkung Village farmer groups to market their products throughout Indonesia and even abroad. The purpose of this study is to determine the segmentation and positioning of Arabica coffee "Klungkung Coffee" with natural, honey, and fullwash processing. The data collection method used a questionnaire for organoleptic tests and coffee brightness tests. Data analysis using One Way Anova and MDS (Multi Dimensional Scaling). The research was conducted at the Macro Caffe Roastery from December 2020 to January 2021. It can be concluded that the segmentation of coffee products is targeted at male consumers, aged 20-29 years, educated students / college students with a high school education. Product positioning results that Argopuro Klungkung Arabica coffee that is ready to be developed is Klungkung Coffee with Fullwash and Honey processing. This can be seen on the proximity map which shows that Klungkung Fullwash and Honey coffees are close to specialty coffees (Aceh Gayo, Ijen Fullwash, and Bali Kintamani). This proximity means that Klungkung Coffee can compete with specialty coffee.
This is very interesting because Banjar Sengon is a village that has the potential of human and n... more This is very interesting because Banjar Sengon is a village that has the potential of human and natural resources. The tempeh industry is also not found, even though tempeh is widely consumed by the people in Banjar Sengon. Tempeh prices are getting more expensive in early 2022 due to high soybean prices. Due to the current difficulty in supplying expensive soybeans, several tofu and tempeh producers have begun to reduce production or stop production. This limitation of soybeans causes big problems for people who are usually consuming tofu and tempeh. Therefore, alternative types of koro beans must be provided to replace non-soybean raw materials. In this community service activity, the team has introduced koro beans as the raw material for making tempeh with a slight modification in the fermentation process. The results show that tempeh from koro gave high scores on performance, arome, taste, and texture, although the scores are still lower than soybean tempeh.
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aug 22, 2022
The rapid competition between business and sustainability policy has encouraged the coffee indust... more The rapid competition between business and sustainability policy has encouraged the coffee industry in Indonesia to make their business more environmentally friendly. However, this initiative has yet to be fully underway. Several inefficiencies still prevail in Arabica coffee production sites, such as product defects in inventory, the inefficiency of production machine performance, and dependence on manpower that can increase the production and inventory costs. Therefore, the Arabica coffee agroindustry needs to improve its performance by addressing these issues in production activity using the lean manufacturing approach. Several tools proven influential to reduce waste in the agroindustry are Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and VALSAT. VSM could document the entire mapping of material and information management, but cannot classify the time required to complete the whole process. VALSAT has several derivative tools, but polyacrylamide (PAM) and Supply Chain Response Matrix (SCRM) are mostly used in agroindustry to classify value-added time of processes and illustrate the supply chain cumulative inventory of a company. The result of this study shows that the Indonesian Arabica coffee industry could reduce its cycle time by 57%, lead time by 63%, and changeover time by 50%. In addition, the recommendations result in the involvement of only 2 people during the drying process and eliminate the nonvalue-added time, while improving the overall production efficiency and capacity.
J-dinamika: jurnal pengabdian masyarakat, Dec 30, 2022
Jagung adalah salah satu produk pertanian yang dihasilkan di Desa Curahnongko yang produksinya ce... more Jagung adalah salah satu produk pertanian yang dihasilkan di Desa Curahnongko yang produksinya cenderung meningkat. Berdasarkan data BPS Jember, potensi desa tersebut untuk komoditi jagung cukup besar yaitu 11.802 ton yang dari luas tanam 1.685 Ha. Sebagian besar jagung dijual dalam bentuk jagung pipilan, dengan menyisakan limbah batang, daun, klobot dan tongkol jagung. Tongkol jagung merupakan limbah terbesar (30%) dari buah jagung. Apabila dikonversikan dengan jumlah produksi jagung pada tahun 2017, maka Desa ini berpotensi memberikan limbah tongkol jagung sebanyak ± 3.540 ton. Limbah tersebut terhitung sangat banyak sehingga sangat potensial jika ditransformasi menjadi sesuatu yang bermanfaat secara tepat. Limbah tongkol jagung belum dimanfaatkan masyarakat dan dibiarkan berserakkan di lahan-lahan kosong membentuk timbunan yang besar dan tinggi. Seiring waktu, tongkol jagung ini akan rusak dan busuk sehingga menimbulkan bau yang mengganggu lingkungan dan kesehatan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan solusi terhadap limbah tersebut agar tidak mengganggu lingkungan dan kesehatan, serta mengubah limbah menjadi produk yang bermanfaat dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Solusi yang ditawarkan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut yaitu mengedukasi masyarakat tentang jumlah limbah tongkol jagung dan komposisi kimia, teknologi tepat guna dalam produksi pakan ternak dari tongkol jagung, serta melakukan perhitungan agribisnis dan pemasaran produk pakan ternak. Kata kunci-Tongkol jagung, pakan ternak, Curahnongko
This research aimed to observe S. cerevisiae and A. aceti induced fermentation of cocoa bean from... more This research aimed to observe S. cerevisiae and A. aceti induced fermentation of cocoa bean from Samarinda, Indonesia, in comparison to commercial cocoa bean in terms of microbial population, pH, total acids, total phenols, theobromine, antioxidant capacity, and FTIR profile. Cocoa beans were fermented with a boxed fermentation method resembling commercial plantation for four days at ambient box temperature (35-40°C). Four fermentation samples were produced which were spontaneous, 2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Acetobacter aceti, or mixed culture (S. cerevisiae and A. aceti) induced fermentations. Total Plate Count (TPC) and Total Yeast-Mold (TYM), pH, total phenol, theobromine, antioxidant activity, and FTIR analyses were performed according to the established method. There was no significant difference in the microbe population in all fermented cocoa. Mixed culture fermented cocoa had a slightly lower final pH. S. cerevisiae fermented cocoa produced the highest total phenol compare...
As the demand for materials suitable for edible film in food processing is increasing, the explor... more As the demand for materials suitable for edible film in food processing is increasing, the exploration of exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing fungi is important. Some fungi had been reported to produce extracellular polysaccharide having rheological properties potential as thickener and or plasticizer useful for edible film raw material. Therefore, this study was focused on isolation and identification of EPS-producing fungi from the plantation area surrounding the University of Jember, Indonesia. The fungal isolate obtained was morphologically identified based on mycelia and spore type, while its genotype was determined using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The optimum initial culture pH for EPS production was measured using shake flask culture fermentation. The rheological properties of the EPS were determined using Brookfield viscometer, and surface structure of EPS was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result showed that the mycelium of the isolate was reddish-brown and septated, its spores were formed as conidiospores. Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence of the fungus showed that the isolate is a new species. Therefore, it was designated as C. lunata isolate RJ01. Optimum initial pH for EPS production was pH 6.0, achieved after 5 days fermentation yielded 2.6 g L-1 of EPS. The EPS from C. lunata isolate RJ01 have no cytotoxic activity on vero cell. The rheological behavior of C. lunata EPS was viscous, and its surface structure of EPS was compact indicating its potency as thickening agent and plasticizer, a material required for edible film formation in food industries.
Biji kakao rakyat Desa Jambewangi, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur memiliki kualitas yang masih ... more Biji kakao rakyat Desa Jambewangi, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur memiliki kualitas yang masih rendah akibat belum adanya proses pengolahan primer biji kakao melalui teknologi fermentasi biji kakao. Permasalahan ini menyebabkan harga kakao sangat rendah. Program pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan softskill dan hardskill kelompok Tani Manggar Kencono, Desa Jambewangi dalam menerapkan Teknologi Tepat Guna (TTG) yang sederhana untuk mendukung kegiatan teknologi pengolahan hulu melalui teknologi fermentasi biji kakao dengan starter komersial dalam semi automatic fermentor terbuat dari kayu. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan sosialisasi dan praktek fermentasi menggunakan semi automatic fermentor dengan starter komersial Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan bakteri asam laktat Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota dari minuman yakult. Fermentasi dilakukan selama 4 hari. Peserta merupakan 25 orang anggota kelompok Tani Manggar Kencono yang berfokus pada kegiatan budidaya dan pengolahan biji kakao. Teknologi ini dapat meningkatkan kualitas biji kakao, sehingga biji kakao berpotensi mendapatkan harga ekonomi yang tinggi di pasaran biji kakao regional dan nasional. Setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini, kelompok Tani Manggar Kencono dapat mempraktekkannya teknik fermentasi biji kakao secara mandiri. Namun pengaplikasian teknik fermentasi ini hanya dilaksanakan ketika ada pesanan biji kakao terfermentasi saja yakni masih dibawah 50% dari total produksi.
JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics)
Jambewangi village cocoa farmers market their cocoa beans individually and in small quantities, s... more Jambewangi village cocoa farmers market their cocoa beans individually and in small quantities, so they’re in a low bargaining position. In addition to not optimally the role of each institution, they also haven’t coordinated and cooperated to promote cocoa. Researchers need to research to design institutional synergies in the agribusiness supply chain. The research was conducted in Jambewangi villages, the center of cocoa production in Banyuwangi. The supply chain design is based Soft System Methodology (SSM) approach through information from sources, farmers, and experts. Based on the SSM analysis, it can be concluded that: 1. There is a fundamental problem with the cocoa in Jambewangi village that farmers only produce unfermented cocoa beans, and sell them individually, so their bargaining position is low. Several institutions in the village haven’t played an optimal role in joint marketing, 2. There is no synergy between institutions at the farmer level, so they can’t protect fa...
Extracellular epiglucan produced by Epicoccum nigrum has been examined by in vitro analysis to sh... more Extracellular epiglucan produced by Epicoccum nigrum has been examined by in vitro analysis to show its potency as an antitumor substance against leucemia cell. The aims of this study were to ditermine the LC50 value and prebiotic activities of native and derivated epiglucan. The epiglucan was modified by sulfation and carboxymethilation methods. The result showed that LC50 of native epiglucan occur at concentration of 22 g/ml. This substance was chemically modified through sulfation and charboxymethilation process in order to increase its antitumor activity. Based on the value of LC50, the sulfated and carboxymethylated epiglucan have higher activity against leucemia cell compare to that of unmodified epiglucan. The LC50 value of suphated epiglucan is 14 µg/L, while the carboxymethylated one is 13 µg/L. Prebiotic activities of both sulfated and carboxymethylated epiglucan were also higher compare to the unmodified glucan since these two derivatives are able to elevate the growth ra...
Batch culture fermentation in CSTR system was operated under different agitation speeds and aerat... more Batch culture fermentation in CSTR system was operated under different agitation speeds and aeration rates in attempt to optimize production of -glucan from Epicoccum nigrum. It was found that its production was influenced by both of the agitation speed and aeration rate. However, the yields obtained were lower compared to that in shake flask culture, indicating that E. nigrum is sensitive to agitation speed and aeration rate. Keywords: E. nigrum, -glucan, batch culture fermentation in CST
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources
The rapid competition between business and sustainability policy has encouraged the coffee indust... more The rapid competition between business and sustainability policy has encouraged the coffee industry in Indonesia to make their business more environmentally friendly. However, this initiative has yet to be fully underway. Several inefficiencies still prevail in Arabica coffee production sites, such as product defects in inventory, the inefficiency of production machine performance, and dependence on manpower that can increase the production and inventory costs. Therefore, the Arabica coffee agroindustry needs to improve its performance by addressing these issues in production activity using the lean manufacturing approach. Several tools proven influential to reduce waste in the agroindustry are Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and VALSAT. VSM could document the entire mapping of material and information management, but cannot classify the time required to complete the whole process. VALSAT has several derivative tools, but polyacrylamide (PAM) and Supply Chain Response Matrix (SCRM) are m...
Daun tembakau sebagian besar digunakansebagai bahan baku rokok saat ini oleh industri rokok, wala... more Daun tembakau sebagian besar digunakansebagai bahan baku rokok saat ini oleh industri rokok, walaupun rokok dianggap kurang baik dari sisi kesehatan. Sementara daun tembakau jarang digunakan untuk bidang pangan dan kesehatan. Dalam penelitian ini, daun tembakau digunakan sebagai sumber minyak atsiri yang selanjutnya berfungsi sebagai senyawa antimikroba. Minyak atsiri didapatkan dengan cara destilasi uap daun tembakau kering, dan senyawa dalam minyak atsiri selanjutnya dideteksi dengan gas kromatografi mass spektra (GC-MS) sebelum diuji kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Hasil uji menunjukkan kadar air daun tembakau sebesar 79,67+1,29%, sedangkan rendemen dan berat jenis minyak atsiri daun tembakau sebesar 0,026+0,004% dan 0,934+0,169 g/ml. Komponen kimia minyak atsiri daun tembakau terdiri dari 39 komponen dengan 16 senyawa komponen utama antara lain asam 7-Octadecanoic, methyl ester (CAS) dan neophytadiene. Aktivitas antimikroba minyak atsiri daun tembaka...
An account is given of our efforts in the synthesis of homo- and heterocyclic silanes via occasio... more An account is given of our efforts in the synthesis of homo- and heterocyclic silanes via occasionally stable unsymmetrically substituted disilene intermediates of the A
Soap is a cleaning compound formed from the reaction between fatty acid compounds and alkaline ba... more Soap is a cleaning compound formed from the reaction between fatty acid compounds and alkaline bases. Various types of soap have been circulating in the market, one of which is liquid soap. Liquid soap that has antibacterial abilities is needed by many people. Moringa seed extract is one of the natural ingredients that can be used as an active ingredient in making liquid soap because it can inhibit bacterial growth. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the addition of extracts and to obtain the best extract concentration treatment on physical, chemical, and organoleptic. The addition of moringa seed extract used was administered at 3%, 5%, and 7%. Data analysis was carried out by applying the ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with a significant level of 5%. The De Garmo method was used to formulate the best liquid soap recommendation among various treatments. The results showed that the addition of moringa seed extract had a significant effect on the parameters of free alkali content, viscosity, specific gravity, antibacterial activity, and organoleptic. The best recommendation for liquid soap is a soap with a concentration of 7% with specific gravity characteristics of 1.066 g/ml, the viscosity of 1.983 cP, pH value of 10.53, foaming power of 5.63 cm, foam stability of 94.64%, and free alkali content of 0.023%, and the antibacterial ability against S. aureus bacteria (clear zone) was 19.17 mm.
Effort to improve the yield of bioetanol production from cassava peels were be carried out by sep... more Effort to improve the yield of bioetanol production from cassava peels were be carried out by separated hydrolysis fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification fermentation (SSF) using Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride and New Aule Instant Dry Yeast. The purpose of this research is to measure bioetanol production from cassava peels using three different culture methods i.e SHF1 (A. niger 24 hours +New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); SHF2 (T. viride 24 hours+New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); and SSF (A. niger + T. viride + New Aule Instant Dry Yeast). The research results showed SHF1 (2,58 g/l) produced higher ethanol than that of SHF2 (2,15). The methods of SSF eficiency produced ethanol (2,93 g/l) and faster (18 hours) compared the methods of SHF1 and SHF2 which need 48 hours incubation time to reach maximum level. Keywords: bioethanol, cassava peels, SHF, SSF, A.niger, T.viride, new aule instant dry yeast
Effort to improve the yield of bioetanol production from cassava peels were be carried out by sep... more Effort to improve the yield of bioetanol production from cassava peels were be carried out by separated hydrolysis fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification fermentation (SSF) using Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride and New Aule Instant Dry Yeast. The purpose of this research is to measure bioetanol production from cassava peels using three different culture methods i.e SHF1 (A. niger 24 hours +New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); SHF2 (T. viride 24 hours+New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); and SSF (A. niger + T. viride + New Aule Instant Dry Yeast). The research results showed SHF1 (2,58 g/l) produced higher ethanol than that of SHF2 (2,15). The methods of SSF eficiency produced ethanol (2,93 g/l) and faster (18 hours) compared the methods of SHF1 and SHF2 which need 48 hours incubation time to reach maximum level. Keywords: bioethanol, cassava peels, SHF, SSF, A.niger, T.viride, new aule instant dry yeast
Penggunaan inokulan (biang) dalam proses fermentasi kakao merupakan salah satu cara sederhana seb... more Penggunaan inokulan (biang) dalam proses fermentasi kakao merupakan salah satu cara sederhana sebagai upaya peningkatan kualitas produk kakao. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan observasi fermentasi kakao di skala petani menggunakan inokulan S. cerevisiae (Sc), A. aceti (Aa), dan kombinasi keduanya yang dilihat dari pengamatan harian angka lempeng total (ALT), populasi total bakteri asam laktat (BAL), populasi total kapang-khamir (Total Yeast-Mold, TYM), pH, total asam, aktivitas antioksidan dan spektrum FTIR. Pengamatan harian dilakukan selama empat hari periode fermentasi. Pengukuran FTIR dilakukan pada hari pertama dan hari terakhir fermentasi. Aktivitas antioksidan berdasarkan reduksi DPPH diukur setelah proses fermentasi berakhir. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama delapan bulan dengan dua kali pengulangan. Hasil menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan terhadap total bakteri, total BAL, dan total Kapang-Khamir selama hari pengamatan fermentasi. Total asam hasil akhir fermentasi tidak kurang dari 0,08±0,01% dengan pH biji kakao berkisar pada 4,31 hingga 5,92. Aktivitas antioksidan hasil fermentasi kakao yang cukup baik diperoleh dengan inokulan kombinasi S. cerevisiae (1% v/b) dan A. aceti (1% v/b). Berdasarkan observasi spektrum FTIR pada zona identifikasi, penggunaan kombinasi inokulan menunjukkan hasil yang konsisten mendekati kualitas kakao komersial. Penggunaan gabungan inokulan Sc dan Aa direkomendasikan untuk digunakan dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas fermentasi kakao oleh petani skala kecil.
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