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Resumo A necessidade de maior análise do processo de urbanização em todo o mundo, exigem o desenvolvimento teórico-metodológicas e sistêmico dos métodos. A compreensão do espaço geoecologica expressa a inter-relação entre paisagens naturais e antropogénicas fatores. É um procedimento metodológico multi-escalar que integra dois níveis de análise do território; paisagem físico-geográficas e formas sociais de ocupação. A análise das unidades de paisagem de fisico-geograficas, é feito com a construção do modelo sombreado do terreno e o estudo de vários componentes naturais. A caracterização a partir de uma imagem espacial estabelece a interpretacion do uso-cobertura terrestre, obtendo as unidades geoecológicas mediante o proce-dimento matricial e sua descrição. Para finalizar é realizada uma análise qualitativa com base na avaliação da paisagem na área urbana, peri-urbano e rural, para desenvolver a geoecologica de zoneamento paisagem. Abstract The need to increase the analysis of the urbanization process in all the world, require the development theoretical-methodological and systemic. The comprehension geo-ecological of space expresses the interrelationship between landscapes natural and factors anthropogenic. The proposal contains a methodological procedure multiscalar which integrates two levels of analysis of the territory; landscape physical-geographical and forms social of occupation. The analysis of the landscape units physical-geographic, is performed with the construction of the model of the terrain shading and the study of various natural components. The characterization of the spatial imaging provides the identification of usage and land cover, establishing the geoecological units through the matrix method and its description. To end a qualitative analysis based on the valuation of the landscape in urban, peri-urban and rural areas is carried out to develop the geo-ecological zoning of the landscape. Resumen La necesidad de aumentar los análisis del proceso de urbanización en todo el mundo, demanda el desarrollo teórico-metodológico y sistémico de los métodos. La comprensión geoecológica del espacio expresa la interrelación entre paisajes naturales y factores antropogénicos. Se plantea un procedimiento metodológico multiescalar que integra dos niveles de análisis del territorio; paisaje físico-geográfico y formas sociales de ocupación. El análisis de las unidades del paisaje físico-geográficas, se realiza con la construcción del modelo sombreado del terreno y el estudio de varios componentes naturales. Luego se realiza una caracte-rización a partir de la imagen espacial que establece la identificación del uso-cobertura terrestre, obteniendo las unidades geoecológicas mediante el procedimiento matricial y su descripción. Para finalizar se realiza un análisis cualitativo sobre la base de la valoración del paisaje en área urbana, periurbana y rural, para elaborar la zonificación geoecológica del paisaje.

Several innovative ‘participatory sensing’ initiatives are under way in East Africa. They can be seen as local manifestations of the global notion of Digital Earth. The initiatives aim to amplify the voice of ordinary citizens, improve citizens' capacity to directly influence public service delivery and hold local government accountable. The popularity of these innovations is, among other things, a local reaction to the partial failure of the millennium development goals (MDGs) to deliver accurate statistics on public services in Africa. Empowered citizens, with access to standard mobile phones, can ‘sense’ via text messages and report failures in the delivery of local government services. The public disclosure of these reports on the web and other mass media may pressure local authorities to take remedial action. In this paper, we outline the potential and research challenges of a ‘participatory sensing’ platform, which we call a ‘human sensor web.’ Digital Africa's first priority could be to harness continent-wide and national data as well as local information resources, collected by citizens, in order to monitor, measure and forecast MDGs.

Indigenous classification systems represent cognitive experiences of human groups in the geographical space. Formalization efforts of indigenous knowledge impose their own concepts, and therefore, it is often decontextualized. This research aims to formalize the farm land management system of an Hñahñu (otomí) community into a map using their own geographical concepts. A semantic analysis with Participatory Geographical Information System and Google Earth visualization is proposed as a method. Results show that farm land management system developed by Hñahñu include a set of geographical categories and subcategories. It was found that the Hñahñu classify them using the plot location in the landscape and the technique for providing water to grow crops as attributes. Although this recognition allowed the drawing of boundaries, the Hñahñu conceptualization of space challenged the conventional map, this led into a Google earth map. Google Earth showed the potential for improving indigenous knowledge representations within the community.