Papers by Dwi Puspitorini
In social media, the development of Javanese is primarily evident from the variations in its grap... more In social media, the development of Javanese is primarily evident from the variations in its graphemic transcription. Such variations occur not only at the phonological level but also morphological level. Javanese sound system and word formation, including its graphemic conventions, have been prescribed in Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Jawa yang Disempurnakan (Balai Bahasa Yogyakarta, in Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Jawa yang Disempurnakan [General Guidelines for the Improved Javanese Spelling], revised edn. Penerbit Kanisius, 2006). However, the use of Javanese in social media, particularly in nine chat groups on instant messaging apps Line and WhatsApp, shows some graphemic deviations from the prescribed system. This research uses a qualitative method by describing variations of Javanese graphemic transcription found in the data. The analysis reveals that there are at least three categories of Javanese graphemic variation found in social media, namely variation in vowel transcription (for phonemes /a/, /i/, and /u/), variation in consonant transcription (for phonemes /dh/, /t/, and /th/), and reduction in phoneme transcription (phonemes /y/ and /u/). These findings demonstrate how netizens who represent the younger generation of Javanese speakers use graphemic transcriptions based on the sounds they hear, without consulting the prescribed Javanese spelling system. In other words, Javanese in social media is the writing form of oral language.
Cultural Dynamics in a Globalized World, 2017
Jumantara: Jurnal Manuskrip Nusantara
Old Javanese is known as a language that has a predicate clause pattern (V) preceding the subject... more Old Javanese is known as a language that has a predicate clause pattern (V) preceding the subject (S). Usually, there is a particle ta or its variation between the predicate-subject sequences (V-ta-S). Besides the V-S pattern, the S-V pattern is also found. In this paper, it is shown that the clause pattern in Old Javanese is triggered by the importance of forming a narrative discourse. Particle ta and several other syntactic elements have a role in shaping narrative discourse. Other syntactic elements are the definition of nouns, arguments in the form of nouns (NP) or pronouns, and affective-passive verbs.The source of the data I use for this study is the Old Javanese parwa text, namely Adiparwa edited by Juynboll (1906). According to Molen (2010, 396), parwa is a literary product in itself. Parwa must be viewed as a literary work, just like kakawin. There is a clear story structure aided by lexical, grammatical, and literary structuring tools. In this study, the grammatical elemen...
Cultural Dynamics in a Globalized World, 2017
Linguistic evidence found in several texts produced during the Middle Javanese era has revealed t... more Linguistic evidence found in several texts produced during the Middle Javanese era has revealed that the language used in these texts was grammatically different from Old Javanese (OJ) but already showed grammatical characteristics of Modern Javanese (MJ). By revisiting these grammatical characteristics and confirming their appearance in Rajamudra inscriptions and Bismaprawa and Pramanaparwa-two texts from Merapi-Merbabu collection-this study aims to prove the existence of a new typology somewhere between OJ and MJ, which many have presumed to be Middle Javanese (MidJ). Bismaprawa, Pramanaparwa, and Rājamūdra inscriptions are purposely selected as the sources of data to offer a novelty in this research, considering that similar studies have never been conducted on these texts and inscriptions. The analysis shows that there is still no strong evidence to support the claim about a new typology of Middle Javanese. In Rājamūdra, only two grammatical characteristics of MidJ, as mentioned by Zoetmulder (1983) and Ogloblin (2008), are identified, which merely are formal variations. Any variation shown in MidJ basically just either proves or disproves the appearance of characteristics of OJ or MJ. This leads to a conclusion that MidJ is actually a variation of either OJ or MJ. The deviations of grammatical characteristics in these texts from those of OJ proves that there were linguistic variations of Old Javanese, that is, the language used by the scholars inside the palace and the daily language spoken by the commoners. This variation of OJ used outside the palace is what has been presumed to be MidJ. This study also shows a similarity in the sentential structure used in the three texts that were written in different places and periods. This similarity supports Ogloblin's claim about the significance of considering register in determining variations of Javanese, instead of just relying on similarities or discrepancies based on periods of time.
14th International Symposium on Homogenous Catalysis, Jul 5, 2004
For decades, language teaching has always been confused with grammar teaching. It was once believ... more For decades, language teaching has always been confused with grammar teaching. It was once believed that language is a set of grammatical rules; hence, mastering grammar was the key to mastering language. The emergence of communicative approach in 1970s, however, has reshaped approaches to language teaching. Teaching grammar started to be left behind as it was no longer considered to contribute to improving the student's communicative skills. Since then, we are led to believe that grammar lessons are outdated, unappealing, and should be thrown away from language teaching. Language teaching aims to allow students to acquire communicative skills, that is, understanding and using language in communication in a real setting, instead of just mastering grammatical rules. To date, oppositions still exist against grammar lessons in language teaching. However, according to Nassaji and Fotos (2011: vii), a number of studies on second language acquisition and class-based language teaching have provided new evidence on how including grammar in language teaching is worth reevaluation. These studies show that form-focused instruction in language teaching is very effective to be combined with meaningful and communicative contexts. This new perspective raises two questions: first, how to bring grammar back to language teaching without going back to traditional teaching model that has been proved to be ineffective; and second, how to combine grammar lessons with language teaching that focuses on communicative and meaningful use of language. This paper does not aim to offer a certain method of teaching that accommodates the above questions. Instead, it attempts to describe some fundamental grammatical aspects of Indonesian language that an instructor should understand, pertaining to those questions. This paper explains fundamental knowledge of Indonesian grammar that the instructors should understand. A deep understanding of grammar is very helpful in designing good and relevant instructional materials. However, teaching language is not all about explaining grammar using complicated linguistic terminology. Instead, teaching language should mean teaching how it is used to communicate.
Uploads
Papers by Dwi Puspitorini