Department of Marketing and Entrepreneurship

The purpose of this study was to understand what image attributes of a restaurant are taken into consideration by customers when they select a restaurant in Harstad, Norway. The attributes included in this study were ambience, food, price, waiters and comfort. The aims were to: (a) identify restaurant image attributes that influences customer choice and (b) to know the rank order of the attributes identified.

The questionnaire was based on a number of literature which helped identify the constructs to test for under each attribute. In order to meet the study’s goals, measures of central tendency and correlation coefficient analysis were conducted.

The composite results of the analysis were mostly consistent with the growing literature and evidence on the emphasis of service quality in the restaurant business as a majority of the respondents viewed service quality as their ultimate restaurant selection determinant. Comfort was identified as the second, food third, ambience fourth and lastly price.

This paper aims at extending sequential loyalty model by proposing and empirically validating simultaneous and formative re-conceptualizations of the four-stage brand loyalty model within the telecommunication industry in an emerging economy context. The proposed models were tested using data collected from a cross-section of 227 subscribers of four leading multinational mobile networks in Ghana. A response rate of 67.1% was obtained for data analysis using Partial Least Square (PLS) Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicate that while consumer loyalty follows a sequential order, from cognitive to affective to conative to behavioural loyalty dimensions, the alternative simultaneous loyalty model and implicit-explicit model appears to better capture the complexity of consumer behaviour, and predicts behavioural loyalty (R 2 = 0.60) better than the sequential model (R 2 = 0.45). The findings further demonstrate that the proposed formative specification of loyalty could explain loyalty in telecommunications context better than the sequential loyalty model does. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. The paper

The paper examines the influence of mobile money usage on customer continuance intention (CCI). The study conveniently sampled 507 mobile money users to test the research model using PLS-SEM. Satisfaction, trust and active usage of mobile money were found to influence CCI. Active usage of mobile money was also confirmed as a mediator in the relationship between satisfaction and trust, on customer continuance. The study thus validated a theoretical model of customer continuance intention as it relates to mobile money usage. It has also provided a new perspective on managing customer churn in an emerging market.

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the relationship between lucky draw sales promotion (LDSP) and the four phases of brand loyalty in the telecommunication industry. Design/methodology/approach-A self-administered structure questionnaire was used to collect primary data from conveniently sampled 338 lucky draw winners in the Ghanaian telecommunication industry. A response rate of 67.1 percent was obtained for data analysis using structural equation modeling approach. Findings-It was found that LDSP positively relate to cognitive brand loyalty, and to behavioral brand loyalty through affective and conative brand loyalty. All hypothesized relationships among the sequential four-stage loyalty were confirmed, except the direct relationship between LDSP and behavioral brand loyalty. Research limitations/implications-The findings are limited to lucky draw winners in the telecommunication industry. Practical implications-Marketers can increase brand loyalty and profit more from their customers through targeted programs with hedonic benefits to build strong commitment level (conative brand loyalty), strong favoritism (affective brand loyalty) and strong beliefs about the superiority (cognitive brand loyalty) of a brand. Originality/value-Theoretically, this study fills the void of empirical studies on non-price sales promotion techniques of lucky draw and customer brand loyalty in the telecommunication sector in developing economy context, and contributes to the body of knowledge in the area of customer brand loyalty and LDSP.

This paper assesses the moderating role of satisfaction, trust and brand image within implicit and explicit brand loyalty framework in mobile telecommunication services in Ghana. The proposed model was evaluated based on data from 338 consumers obtained from a cross-sectional survey. Partial least square (PLS) structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analysed data. The results show that implicit loyalty, comprising of cognitive, affective and conative, makes significant influence on explicit loyalty; the moderating role of satisfaction on this relationship was strongly supported while the role of trust and brand image were partially significant. This paper provides theoretical extensions to sequential loyalty models. Despite its contextual limitations, the paper implies that marketing managers need to develop marketing and loyalty strategies that result in better customer satisfaction, induce more trust in the brand and project the image of the brand high to build a stable customer base which is a core business asset.

The paper examines the influence of mobile money usage on customer continuance intention (CCI). The study conveniently sampled 507 mobile money users to test the research model using PLS-SEM. Satisfaction, trust and active usage of mobile money were found to influence CCI. Active usage of mobile money was also confirmed as a mediator in the relationship between satisfaction and trust, on customer continuance. The study thus validated a theoretical model of customer continuance intention as it relates to mobile money usage. It has also provided a new perspective on managing customer churn in an emerging market.

This paper assesses the moderating role of satisfaction, trust and brand image within implicit and explicit brand loyalty framework in mobile telecommunication services in Ghana. The proposed model was evaluated based on data from 338 consumers obtained from a cross-sectional survey. Partial least square (PLS) structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analysed data. The results show that implicit loyalty, comprising of cognitive, affective and conative, makes significant influence on explicit loyalty; the moderating role of satisfaction on this relationship was strongly supported while the role of trust and brand image were partially significant. This paper provides theoretical extensions to sequential loyalty models. Despite its contextual limitations, the paper implies that marketing managers need to develop marketing and loyalty strategies that result in better customer satisfaction, induce more trust in the brand and project the image of the brand high to build a stable customer base which is a core business asset.

The paper examines the influence of mobile money usage on customer continuance intention (CCI). The study conveniently sampled 507 mobile money users to test the research model using PLS-SEM. Satisfaction, trust and active usage of mobile money were found to influence CCI. Active usage of mobile money was also confirmed as a mediator in the relationship between satisfaction and trust, on customer continuance. The study thus validated a theoretical model of customer continuance intention as it relates to mobile money usage. It has also provided a new perspective on managing customer churn in an emerging market.

The purpose of this study is to provide an insight into the impact of relationship marketing strategy on customer loyalty of retail bank sector in Pakistan and to examines whether these relationship strengthen through improvements in banking relationship. A questionnaire derived from previous studies and relevant literature was completed by 100 university students having accounts in different banks and Convenience sampling used. Multiple regression analysis assessed the impact on customer loyalty of four key construct of relationship marketing (Trust, Commitment, Communication and conflict handling). Results indicate that four variables have significant effect and predict good proportion of variance in customer loyalty.It is reasonable to conclude, on this evidence, that customer loyalty can be created, reinforced and retained by marketing plans aimed at building trust, demonstrating commitment to service, communicating with customers in a timely, reliable and proactive fashion, and handling conflict efficiently.