Papers by Stephen N Morgan
This paper looks at the accounting challenges faced by a small-scale non-profit organization oper... more This paper looks at the accounting challenges faced by a small-scale non-profit organization operating in sub-Saharan Africa. We will look at the case of Enright Flight Ministries, Inc. a 501(c)3 non-profit organization based in Florida that carries out evangelical and humanitarian aid projects in Zambia. Building upon field interviews with administrative staff and project managers, we analyze the various problems facing the organization in maintaining adequate accounting records. After looking at both external and internal problems, we investigate the solutions employed by Enright Flight Ministries to maintain the integrity of accounting systems to derive best practices for the small-scale international nonprofit organization.
Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
This paper presents a review of articles on cultural, ethical, and religious perspectives on envi... more This paper presents a review of articles on cultural, ethical, and religious perspectives on environmental preservation. Globally, the negative effects of the current environmental crisis on people's lives and livelihoods cannot be disputed. The mismanagement of the environment has resulted in extreme climate changes currently faced by the world. The situation has prompted environmentalists, governments, and other stakeholders to seek plausible ways of mitigating and preserving the environment for current and future generations. Through a review of some existing literature, this paper affirms the important role that culture, ethics, and religion play in environmental preservation strategies.
Philosophy and politics, 2023
Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions, 2021
A virtual community is generally described as a group of people with shared interests, ideas, and... more A virtual community is generally described as a group of people with shared interests, ideas, and goals in a particular digital group or virtual platform. Virtual communities have become ubiquitous in recent times, and almost everyone belongs to one or multiple virtual communities. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with its associated national lockdowns, has made virtual communities more essential and a necessary part of our daily lives, whether for work and business, educational purposes or keeping in touch with friends and family. Given these facts, how do we ensure that virtual communities become a true community qua community? We address this question by proposing and arguing for a ‘virtual communitarianism’—an online community that integrates essential features of traditional African communitarianism in its outlook and practice. The paper’s position is that virtual communitarianism can make for a strong ethical virtual community where members can demonstrate a strong sense of...
Religion and the COVID-19 Pandemic in Southern Africa, 2022
Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is known to have started in ... more Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is known to have started in the Wuhan City, Hubei province of China in December 2019, the disease has had a global spread and led to many deaths. As on 23 May 2020, the total number of infections globally was at 5,331,427 with associated 340,560 deaths (COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic, 2020). Egypt was the frst African country to confrm a case of the coronavirus in Africa on 14th February 2020 involving a Chinese national. Since that frst infection, the disease has emerged and spread throughout the continent, and the number of infections keeps rising daily to date. The total number of infections in Africa as on 23 May 2020 was 106,299 with 3,205 deaths. South Africa, at this time, has the highest number of infections at 20,125, with 397 deaths, followed by Egypt at 15,786 with 707 deaths (COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic, 2020). Although, as the numbers indicate, Africa has a very low number of infections and deaths globally, the devastating effect and impact of the disease are no less felt on the African continent. Just as it is for the rest of the world, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought with it so much socioeconomic hardship on the African people. It is estimated that the African continent is going to feel the economic impact the most due to its already existing poor and below-average socioeconomic conditions even before the advent of the pandemic. Billionaire Bill Gates, for example, warned that the coronavirus pandemic could have more 'dramatic effect' in Africa than in China due to Africa's weak health system, which he believed may become overwhelmed (Wasserman & Monynihan, 2020). The World Health Organization also cautioned that the coronavirus has the potential to 'smolder' in Africa for many years and bring with it a high death toll across the continent (Burke & Akinwotu, 2020). The ensuing governments' nationwide or partial lockdowns in affected African states and governments' regulations of social distancing, selfisolation, ban on large gatherings, closure of schools and churches, ban on funerals, and other social gatherings as measures to combat the spread of
Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
This paper presents a review of articles on cultural, ethical, and
religious perspectives on envi... more This paper presents a review of articles on cultural, ethical, and
religious perspectives on environmental preservation. Globally, the
negative effects of the current environmental crisis on people's
lives and livelihoods cannot be disputed. The mismanagement of
the environment has resulted in extreme climate changes
currently faced by the world. The situation has prompted environmentalists,
governments, and other stakeholders to seek
plausible ways of mitigating and preserving the environment for
current and future generations. Through a review of some existing
literature, this paper affirms the important role that culture, ethics,
and religion play in environmental preservation strategies.
I, Stephen Nkansah Morgan, declare that: i. The research report in this thesis, except otherwise ... more I, Stephen Nkansah Morgan, declare that: i. The research report in this thesis, except otherwise indicated, is my original work. ii. This thesis has not been submitted for any other degree or examination at any other university. iii. This thesis does not contain other persons' data, pictures, graphs or other information, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other persons. iv. This thesis does not contain other persons' writing, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other researchers. Where other sources have been quoted then: a. their words have been rewritten but the general information attributed to them has been referenced; b. where their exact words have been used, their writing has been placed inside quotation marks, and referenced. v. This thesis does not contain text, graphics or tables copied and pasted from the internet, unless specifically acknowledged, and the source being detailed in thesis and in the reference.
Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions, 2021
A virtual community is generally described as a group of people with shared interests, ideas, and... more A virtual community is generally described as a group of people with shared interests, ideas, and goals in a particular digital group or virtual platform. Virtual communities have become ubiquitous in recent times, and almost everyone belongs to one or multiple virtual communities. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with its associated national lockdowns, has made virtual communities more essential and a necessary part of our daily lives, whether for work and business, educational purposes or keeping in touch with friends and family. Given these facts, how do we ensure that virtual communities become a true community qua community? We address this question by proposing and arguing for a 'virtual communitarianism'-an online community that integrates essential features of traditional African communitarianism in its outlook and practice. The paper's position is that virtual communitarianism can make for a strong ethical virtual community where members can demonstrate a strong sense of group solidarity, care and compassion towards each other. The inclusion of these virtues can bring members who often are farapart and help create a stronger community bond. This will ensure that the evolution of virtual communities does not happen without the integration of progressive African communitarian values.
Springer Nature , 2021
mplications of the use of sex selection reproductive technology in traditional African cultures. ... more mplications of the use of sex selection reproductive technology in traditional African cultures. Technology, as we know it, is a tool used to make human lives better, more comfortable and efficient. Our world today is a witness to a remarkable and overwhelming amount of progress made in terms of technological advancement far beyond our imaginations. The African continent, although not a significant producer of modern technology, is a great consumer of it. There is no denying the tremendous positive impact technology has had and continues to have on the lives of Africans. However, occasionally, the effect of some technology on the African people’s traditional ways of life and their esteemed cultural values are brought into question. The chapter addresses one of such situations by assessing the cultural impact and moral acceptability or otherwise of the use of sex selection reproductive technology on the cultural traditions and values of the African people, especially bearing in mind the patriarchal nature of their cultural traditions. The paper ultimately makes an argument in favour of controlled use of sex selection reproductive technology in traditional African cultures even for non-medical purposes.
Alternation - Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of the Arts and Humanities in Southern Africa, 2020
Traditional Africans' belief in and veneration of ancestors is an almost ubiquitous, long-held an... more Traditional Africans' belief in and veneration of ancestors is an almost ubiquitous, long-held and widely known, for it is deeply entrenched in the African metaphysical worldview itself. This belief in and veneration of ancestors is characterised by strong moral undertone. This moral undertone involves an implicit indication that individual members of communities must live exemplary lives in accordance with the ethos of the community. Living according to the ethos is among the conditions for attaining the prestige of being elevated to an ancestor after one's death. The aim of this paper is to gain an understanding of the metaphysical and moral demands connected to ancestor veneration. With this understanding, the paper suggests values that can promote a better way for humans to coexist, and indicates a moral sense of the responsibility people should hold towards each other. The paper's focal aim is to expose what it considers to be the moral undertones or features associated with a belief in and veneration of ancestors, mainly from traditional Akan perspectives. The paper also considers how principles and values of Akan communitarianism can be espoused to promote human well-being. It is the position of the paper that the metaphysical and, especially, the moral underpinning of ancestor veneration in the traditional Akan society, can provide values that can serve as catalysts for the furtherance of human well-being.
African Environmental Ethics: A Critical Reader, 2019
The main argument of this paper is that current debates and discussions on environmental justice ... more The main argument of this paper is that current debates and discussions on environmental justice seem to focus more on the West. In a typical African communitarian society, the idea of environmental justice has not been adequately conceptualised. Key scholars in African environmental ethics such as Godfrey Tangwa, Segun Ogungbemi, and Murove Munyaradzi have mainly focused their attention on the preservation of nature for both current and future generations, thereby giving less attention to the equitable distribution of environmental resources and environmental burdens in Africa. As such, issues of environmental justice seem to be conspicuously absent from African environmental ethics discourse. The contribution of this chapter is to explore an African understanding of environmental justice by showing the major characteristics of how an African environmental justice ought to look like. The study proposes the eco-collective responsibility theory—an environmental justice model that is specific to the African communitarian society characterised by mutual dependence, cooperation, harmony, relationality and communion in order to promote the common good of the people as well as the good of the environment for both current and future generations.
All Nations University Journal of Applied Thought, 2018
Traditional African societies are noted for their religiosity and so one would naturally expect t... more Traditional African societies are noted for their religiosity and so one would naturally expect that when it comes to matters of morality they will appeal to some divinities or gods for their moral jurisdiction and interpretation of their moral codes. Yet, according to Wiredu (1992) and Gyekye (1996), this is not true of traditional African societies when it comes to finding the source of their moral codes. For the two, an appeal to religion as a source of African moral values is a mistaken position. This paper challenges their position by showing the defects in their arguments and argues that the fabric of traditional African morality may tumble if God or religion is removed as either the source or part of the source.
Dissertation by Stephen N Morgan
University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2020
Scholars in the field of environmental and animal ethics have propounded theories that outline wh... more Scholars in the field of environmental and animal ethics have propounded theories that outline what, in their view, ought to constitute an ethical relationship between humans and the environment and humans and nonhuman animals respectively. In the field of animal ethics, the contributions by Western scholars to theorize a body of animal ethics, either as an ethic in its own right or as a branch of the broader field of environmental ethics is clearly seen. Consequently, there are, notably, two main schools of thought in the field of animal ethics. These are the ‘welfarist’ and the ‘rightist’ approaches (Regan, 2006; Owoseni & Olatoye, 2014). Unfortunately, a clearly concerted effort to theorize on animal ethics from an African perspective is at the minimal, although there is a lot written in African environmental ethics, broadly construed. It is within this context that this study locates an African animal ethic within the two main theories in the global animal ethics debate, using traditional Akan ontology and ethics particularly, those that speak to their relationship with the environment and, especially animals. Thus, using Akan ontological worldview and ethics as foundational sources, alongside learned principles from the emerging theories in African environmental ethics, the study seeks to find the place of Akan animal ethics within the rightist and welfarist debates.
Books by Stephen N Morgan
Springer, 2023
One of the growing fields in development studies is Development Ethics. This field of study highl... more One of the growing fields in development studies is Development Ethics. This field of study highlights the ethical challenges and moral responsibilities as a result of human advancement. There is no doubt that the world is undergoing changes due to technological development, climate change, migration, globalization, and socioeconomic and political changes. The implications of these changes include numerous benefits and opportunities that they present. Despite the positive benefits, these
changes also present a number of ethical conundrums in the whole world of which Africa has not been spared. These challenges need to be addressed for proper development to take place.
Among the major challenges particularly in Africa is how to ensure that development is equitable and sustainable. This is because development programs and projects have a signifcant impact not only on the lives of individuals, but communities, the continent, and natural resources. In many cases, development has not been inclusive, leaving behind most marginalized and vulnerable communities, and exacerbating existing inequalities. In addition, development in Africa has often been unsustainable, causing harm to the environment and depleting natural resource, thus contributing to current environmental crisis.
While there are many publications on Development Ethics from the Western standpoints, very little has been published from African perspectives, and more so, it is difficult to come across a single reader that brings all the developmental and ethical concerns together in one volume. This volume, therefore, seeks to fill in that gap by bringing together in one book reflections and discussions on questions,
issues, and approaches of Development Ethics that takes into consideration African beliefs and values.
The book would be a valuable resource for anyone working in development, as well as for students, academics, and anyone interested in exploring the ethical dimensions of development in Africa.
A development ethics from an African perspective book would explore the ethical dimensions of development and provide a framework for critically examining development practices on the continent. The book would examine topics such as poverty, human rights, environmental sustainability, socio-cultural diversity, and the responsibilities of governments, corporations, and individuals in the development
process.
Poverty and human rights are among the most pressing issues facing Africa today. Development ethics should address the issue of poverty and work toward creating a continent where people have access to basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare, something that this book would explore and challenge governments, corporations, and individuals to address poverty, and the ethical implications of various poverty reduction strategies.
In terms of human rights, some of the authors of the book examined women’s rights implications of development policies, programs, and projects and explored how development can be made more inclusive and respectful of human rights.
Environmental sustainability is another key aspect of African development ethics. The book challenges governments, corporations, and individuals to protect the environment and ensure sustainable development. The book would also explore the ethical implications of various environmental protection strategies, such as conservation, renewable energy, and sustainable agriculture.
In conclusion, the volume provides a comprehensive overview of the ethical challenges and responsibilities arising from human advancement. It would provide a framework for critically examining development practices and for making ethical decisions in the field of development. Doing this successfully is not easy. We can hardly hope that we have been successful in overcoming all difficulties. It is our hope that this volume will inspire development practitioners in Africa.
Uploads
Papers by Stephen N Morgan
religious perspectives on environmental preservation. Globally, the
negative effects of the current environmental crisis on people's
lives and livelihoods cannot be disputed. The mismanagement of
the environment has resulted in extreme climate changes
currently faced by the world. The situation has prompted environmentalists,
governments, and other stakeholders to seek
plausible ways of mitigating and preserving the environment for
current and future generations. Through a review of some existing
literature, this paper affirms the important role that culture, ethics,
and religion play in environmental preservation strategies.
Dissertation by Stephen N Morgan
Books by Stephen N Morgan
changes also present a number of ethical conundrums in the whole world of which Africa has not been spared. These challenges need to be addressed for proper development to take place.
Among the major challenges particularly in Africa is how to ensure that development is equitable and sustainable. This is because development programs and projects have a signifcant impact not only on the lives of individuals, but communities, the continent, and natural resources. In many cases, development has not been inclusive, leaving behind most marginalized and vulnerable communities, and exacerbating existing inequalities. In addition, development in Africa has often been unsustainable, causing harm to the environment and depleting natural resource, thus contributing to current environmental crisis.
While there are many publications on Development Ethics from the Western standpoints, very little has been published from African perspectives, and more so, it is difficult to come across a single reader that brings all the developmental and ethical concerns together in one volume. This volume, therefore, seeks to fill in that gap by bringing together in one book reflections and discussions on questions,
issues, and approaches of Development Ethics that takes into consideration African beliefs and values.
The book would be a valuable resource for anyone working in development, as well as for students, academics, and anyone interested in exploring the ethical dimensions of development in Africa.
A development ethics from an African perspective book would explore the ethical dimensions of development and provide a framework for critically examining development practices on the continent. The book would examine topics such as poverty, human rights, environmental sustainability, socio-cultural diversity, and the responsibilities of governments, corporations, and individuals in the development
process.
Poverty and human rights are among the most pressing issues facing Africa today. Development ethics should address the issue of poverty and work toward creating a continent where people have access to basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare, something that this book would explore and challenge governments, corporations, and individuals to address poverty, and the ethical implications of various poverty reduction strategies.
In terms of human rights, some of the authors of the book examined women’s rights implications of development policies, programs, and projects and explored how development can be made more inclusive and respectful of human rights.
Environmental sustainability is another key aspect of African development ethics. The book challenges governments, corporations, and individuals to protect the environment and ensure sustainable development. The book would also explore the ethical implications of various environmental protection strategies, such as conservation, renewable energy, and sustainable agriculture.
In conclusion, the volume provides a comprehensive overview of the ethical challenges and responsibilities arising from human advancement. It would provide a framework for critically examining development practices and for making ethical decisions in the field of development. Doing this successfully is not easy. We can hardly hope that we have been successful in overcoming all difficulties. It is our hope that this volume will inspire development practitioners in Africa.
religious perspectives on environmental preservation. Globally, the
negative effects of the current environmental crisis on people's
lives and livelihoods cannot be disputed. The mismanagement of
the environment has resulted in extreme climate changes
currently faced by the world. The situation has prompted environmentalists,
governments, and other stakeholders to seek
plausible ways of mitigating and preserving the environment for
current and future generations. Through a review of some existing
literature, this paper affirms the important role that culture, ethics,
and religion play in environmental preservation strategies.
changes also present a number of ethical conundrums in the whole world of which Africa has not been spared. These challenges need to be addressed for proper development to take place.
Among the major challenges particularly in Africa is how to ensure that development is equitable and sustainable. This is because development programs and projects have a signifcant impact not only on the lives of individuals, but communities, the continent, and natural resources. In many cases, development has not been inclusive, leaving behind most marginalized and vulnerable communities, and exacerbating existing inequalities. In addition, development in Africa has often been unsustainable, causing harm to the environment and depleting natural resource, thus contributing to current environmental crisis.
While there are many publications on Development Ethics from the Western standpoints, very little has been published from African perspectives, and more so, it is difficult to come across a single reader that brings all the developmental and ethical concerns together in one volume. This volume, therefore, seeks to fill in that gap by bringing together in one book reflections and discussions on questions,
issues, and approaches of Development Ethics that takes into consideration African beliefs and values.
The book would be a valuable resource for anyone working in development, as well as for students, academics, and anyone interested in exploring the ethical dimensions of development in Africa.
A development ethics from an African perspective book would explore the ethical dimensions of development and provide a framework for critically examining development practices on the continent. The book would examine topics such as poverty, human rights, environmental sustainability, socio-cultural diversity, and the responsibilities of governments, corporations, and individuals in the development
process.
Poverty and human rights are among the most pressing issues facing Africa today. Development ethics should address the issue of poverty and work toward creating a continent where people have access to basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare, something that this book would explore and challenge governments, corporations, and individuals to address poverty, and the ethical implications of various poverty reduction strategies.
In terms of human rights, some of the authors of the book examined women’s rights implications of development policies, programs, and projects and explored how development can be made more inclusive and respectful of human rights.
Environmental sustainability is another key aspect of African development ethics. The book challenges governments, corporations, and individuals to protect the environment and ensure sustainable development. The book would also explore the ethical implications of various environmental protection strategies, such as conservation, renewable energy, and sustainable agriculture.
In conclusion, the volume provides a comprehensive overview of the ethical challenges and responsibilities arising from human advancement. It would provide a framework for critically examining development practices and for making ethical decisions in the field of development. Doing this successfully is not easy. We can hardly hope that we have been successful in overcoming all difficulties. It is our hope that this volume will inspire development practitioners in Africa.