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Jaime Serra

Universidade de Évora, School of Social Sciences, Faculty Member

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Jaime Serra holds a PhD in Tourism from the Faculty of Economics - University of Algarve, Portugal. He concludes his master degree in Management by the University of Évora, Portugal and the Degree in Tourism Management and Strategy at the Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Portugal. He is Assistant Professor of the School of Social Sciences at the University of Évora in the field of Tourism Studies (Degree and Master degree). He is also researcher at the Interdisciplinary Centre for History, Culture and Societies (CIDEHUS) – University of Évora. His research interests are in the field of consumer behavior in tourism; demography and tourism; travel motivations and preferences; tourism demand and applied econometrics.

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University of Evora

Sónia Moreira Cabeça

Universidade do Algarve

Universidade de Évora

Universidade de Évora

Elisabete Tomaz

ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL)

Mirian Nogueira Tavares

Universidade do Algarve

Alexandra Rodrigues Gonçalves

Universidade do Algarve

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Papers by Jaime Serra

Segmenting tourists by expenditure patterns: An instrument for enhancing tourism economic benefits on a Portuguese World Heritage site

Segmenting tourists by expenditure patterns: An instrument for enhancing tourism economic benefit... more Segmenting tourists by expenditure patterns: An instrument for enhancing tourism economic benefits on a Portuguese World Heritage site Segmentação do mercado turístico de acordo com o padrão de despesa: Um instrumento para maximizar os benefícios económicos do turismo num destino português Património Mundial

The creative and cultural tourism ecosystem: A conceptual model

Dos Algarves: A Multidisciplinary e-Journal, 2020

The cultural tourism ecosystem includes a strong creative dimension, to which is added a complex ... more The cultural tourism ecosystem includes a strong creative dimension, to which is added a complex interconnectivity between stakeholders, resources and organizations, which extends across various spatial and sectorial scales. This article seeks to synthesize the cultural and creative tourism "state of the art" as a platform for the construction of a theoretical model guiding creative experience. Proposing a theoretical model, the researchers show a way for a better understanding of the complex creative system, without focusing on details but suggesting a global point of view. The aim is to understand the links between the ideas, determine the importance and relevance of arguments and use to approach the problems in a consistent way. The study is based on a diverse documental analysis and literature review, and aims to suggest a new "Creative Tourism Ecosystem model" which creates and delivers unique tourism experiences (endorsing co-creation of value), integrates responsible and collaborative approaches among all stakeholders (increasing coopetition network strategies) and is a sustainable catalyst for low-population density areas (reinforcing and safeguarding the cultural landscape). As a result, several benchmarks will be presented to illustrate best practices.

Yielding Tourists’ Preferences

Advances in Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2015

This chapter uses stated tourist preferences as a proxy of visitor yield measures, in order to an... more This chapter uses stated tourist preferences as a proxy of visitor yield measures, in order to analyse and understand the yield potential of different markets' preferences. A literature review revealed that there is much progress to be made in terms of discussion, consensus and stability of methodology for the measurement of visitor yield. The aim of the visitor yield analysis, in the current chapter, is also to bring another dimension into yield analysis and discussion, contributing with a new form of measuring yield potential. Since the objective is to identify yield patterns based on tourist preferences over a period of time, dynamics may be captured from the fluctuation patterns, or expressed as volatility of visitor yield and length of stay throughout the years. Destination management organisations and tourist companies may potentially adopt this visitor yield matrix in order to support future strategic decisions.

A comparative analysis of tourism destination demand in Portugal

Tourism has experienced different levels of development in the different regions of Portugal. To ... more Tourism has experienced different levels of development in the different regions of Portugal. To frame this development, in this paper dynamic panel data models were estimated with the objective of explaining the evolution of international overnight stays in each region. Secondary data from 2000 to 2011 was used. The analysis includes the main tourism source markets for Portugal, such as the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, France and Spain. The tourism literature suggests that, among others, the main determinants of tourism demand are income (GDP), household consumption, unemployment rate and the harmonised consumer price index. Per capita income, unemployment rate and final household consumption were identified as the most shared explanatory variables in each tourism region. However, in some regions, the high elasticity with respect to per capita income was confirmed, suggesting that tourism is a luxury good. It is observed that, although significant, the explanatory power of these variables varies according to the origin and the destination region considered. Findings suggest heterogeneous behaviour of the main international tourism demand by region. Furthermore, results also suggest some implications for public and private tourism authorities. Stakeholders can update the analysis, trends and forecasts of international tourism demand, put forward in the National Strategic Plan for Tourism for the period from 2013 to 2015, by taking into account the different macroeconomic variables that help explain international overnight stays in each region of Portugal.

Tourist spending dynamics in the Algarve: a cross-sectional analysis

Tourism Economics, 2015

This paper assesses the determinants of international tourists' spending in the Algarve from ... more This paper assesses the determinants of international tourists' spending in the Algarve from 2007 to 2010. Based on a sample of 15,542 observations a cross-section model was estimated using ordinary least squares. The results reveal that a combination of socio-demographic, behavioural and motivation variables explain the spending patterns of international tourists in the Algarve. Analysis of the data indicates that tourist motivations related to accommodation facilities, cultural and historical resources, gastronomy, hospitality, prices and sightseeing tours positively affect tourists' spending. Moreover, the findings provide evidence that, over the years, the most loyal markets in Algarve reveal changing patterns in their spending behaviour. Destination management authorities should be aware of this spending behaviour of second-generation sun and sand visitors and should formulate strategies accordingly. Policy and managerial recommendations are discussed.

TURISMO CULTURAL EM CIDADES HISTÓRICAS: A CIDADE DE ÉVORA E AS MOTIVAÇÕES DO TURISTA CULTURAL Cultural Tourism in Historic Towns: The City of Évora and the Tourists Cultural Motivations

Resumo Os turistas viajam, cada vez mais, para observar ou consumir lugares com importância histó... more Resumo Os turistas viajam, cada vez mais, para observar ou consumir lugares com importância histórica. Neste desejo de consumo dos turistas estão as cidades históricas que, pela sua essência, funcionam como uma das principais atrações turísticas dos nossos dias. O turista cultural nas suas viagens às cidades históricas procura as diferenças culturais, a herança, o contacto com outras culturas. Classificada pela UNESCO, em 1986, como 'Património Mundial', Évora é uma cidade histórica que apresenta distintas particularidades na área do turismo cultural. O seu centro histórico que engloba o património cultural material e imaterial funciona como um cartão de identidade para atrair turistas e/ou visitantes. O presente artigo pretende identificar e analisar as principais motivações para os turistas visitarem a cidade de Évora, o grau de influência da designação 'Évora Património da Humanidade' para o processo de decisão da escolha do destino e, ainda, a intenção de comport...

Creative Industrial Tourism in Alentejo: The Case of the Estremoz Anticlinal Marble Route’

Advances in Tourism, Technology and Systems

The offer of tourist routes in inland destinations has increasingly assumed a relevant role becau... more The offer of tourist routes in inland destinations has increasingly assumed a relevant role because they have the potential to give new uses to a great diversity of resources of endogenous character. They have a multifaceted character and are easily adaptable to audiences with very different sociodemographic characteristics in terms of age, educational level, economic level and time availability, among others. This article explores the case of a tourist route that is offered in the segment of creative industrial tourism, in a perspective still under development in the Alentejo region in Portugal. In this approach, creative industrial tourism is understood as the active participation of tourists in educational activities linked to the industrial heritage of a region. Its objective is to characterize the Estremoz Anticlinal Marble Route', in terms of the structure and processes developed for its commercialization. The institutional, sociocultural and environmental context on which its planning and management was based, coupled with the fact that it was integrated into the CREATOUR network for the enhancement of creative tourism, make this route a reference in the offer of the destination where it operates.

Impact of Partial Privatization on Productive Efficiency: Evidence from a chain of small hotels in Portugal

Understanding the tourists´ length of relationship with a destination

Segmenting tourists by expenditure patterns: An instrument for enhancing tourism economic benefits on a Portuguese World Heritage site

Tourism is an activity with high potential for stimulating the development of local economies, wi... more Tourism is an activity with high potential for stimulating the development of local economies, with different types of visitors having distinct environmental, social and economic effects on destinations (Lundie, Dwyer, & Forsyth, 2007; Nickerson, Jorgenson, & Boley, 2016). Notwithstanding, there is a research gap on strategies aimed at maximizing the economic relevance of tourism for local tourism destinations using market segmentation, based on visitors’ daily expenditure level at the destination, as a starting point (Lima, Eusebio, & Kastenholz, 2012). This gap becomes more evident when we refer to World Heritage Sites (WHS) destinations (Amir, Osman, Bachok, & Ibrahim, 2016). This study presents the results of the tourist market segmentation of a Portuguese municipality - Evora, a UNESCO’s WHS, located in Alentejo. The study aims to identify the homogenous groups of visitors that prevail in a WHS destination based on expenditure patterns and furthermore at contributing to the dev...

Creative Industrial Tourism in Alentejo: The Case of the Estremoz Anticlinal Marble Route’

The offer of tourist routes in inland destinations has increasingly assumed a relevant role becau... more The offer of tourist routes in inland destinations has increasingly assumed a relevant role because they have the potential to give new uses to a great diversity of resources of endogenous character. They have a multifaceted character and are easily adaptable to audiences with very different sociodemographic characteristics in terms of age, educational level, economic level and time availability, among others. This article explores the case of a tourist route that is offered in the segment of creative industrial tourism, in a perspective still under development in the Alentejo region in Portugal. In this approach, creative industrial tourism is understood as the active participation of tourists in educational activities linked to the industrial heritage of a region. Its objective is to characterize the Estremoz Anticlinal Marble Route', in terms of the structure and processes developed for its commercialization. The institutional, sociocultural and environmental context on which its planning and management was based, coupled with the fact that it was integrated into the CREATOUR network for the enhancement of creative tourism, make this route a reference in the offer of the destination where it operates.

Gastronomia de Taberna & Storytelling: Saberes e Sabores Que Reforçam a Identidade Cultural do Território

EnglishThe tavern gastronomy reflects several cultural symbolic markers, allowing intangible heri... more EnglishThe tavern gastronomy reflects several cultural symbolic markers, allowing intangible heritage and culinary tastes to be kept alive. Taverns are spaces of innovation (creativity) and permanence (traditions), where socialization modes, cultural transmission and storytelling are increasingly appreciated by tourists. A "triangulation" of three sources (cookbooks) was used as methodology, aiming to list the most authentic and emblematic dishes of the Alentejo gastronomy. Municipalities and tourism entities must cherish the tavern concept, supporting the safeguarding and preservation of these spaces and cultures and also the territory development. portuguesA gastronomia de taberna, quando observada pela lente dos rituais identitarios dos destinos, reflete os diversos marcadores simbolicos da sua genese cultural, permitindo que os saber fazer e os gostos culinarios sejam mantidos vivos, e se tornem agentes de progresso regional. Os patrimonios alimentares sao espacos de i...

The Creative Tourist Experience in the Alentejo Region: A Case Study of the CREATOUR Project in Portugal

Tourism demand for culture-based creative tourism has been triggering growing interest in various... more Tourism demand for culture-based creative tourism has been triggering growing interest in various research domains. In the context of the CREATOUR project ‘Creative Tourism Destination Development in Small Cities and Rural Areas’, an exploratory study was conducted in order to describe and analyse the tourist experience in the pilot activities carried out. The profile of the tourists that participated in the creative tourism activities promoted by the CREATOUR pilot in the Alentejo Portuguese region will be under review concerning sociodemographic characteristics, travel behaviour and motivations. To accomplish this objective, a total of 74 surveys were collected in 2018. Results revealed that participants in creative activities are of an active professional age, have a higher level of qualifications and travel with their partners or in an organised group. Regarding their motivations, results also revealed that they seek original experiences and want to stimulate more creative behav...

Estratégia de sensibilização dos alunos universitários para o tema do turismo acessível: O caso da licenciatura em Turismo da Universidade de Évora

Vive-se atualmente um contexto de reflexao internacional por parte de diversos investigadores que... more Vive-se atualmente um contexto de reflexao internacional por parte de diversos investigadores que reconhecem a necessidade de reinventar os planos de estudos e as suas dinâmicas de formacao, de modo a que os alunos fiquem mais aptos a enfrentar os desafios do mercado de trabalho (e.g. Ayikoru, Tribe & Airey, 2009; Fidgeon, 2010; Hoidn & Karkkainen, 2014; OECD, 2016; Stergiou, Airey & Riley, 2008). Sao valorizadas iniciativas que envolvam dinâmicas educativas inovadoras e que sejam capazes de incutir nos alunos as qualidades humanas necessarias para desenvolver um sentido mais critico sobre os problemas sociais que realmente afetam a nossa sociedade e, em consequencia, possam ter efeitos positivos no nivel de competitividade das empresas.

Turismo Rural e Turismo Comunitário no Espaço Ibero-Americano

ViSiTOrS TO THE CiTY OF ÉVOrA: WHO ArE THEY?

Nowadays, driven by multiple factors, tourist demand presents patterned behav- iour which is subd... more Nowadays, driven by multiple factors, tourist demand presents patterned behav- iour which is subdivided into several typologies according to destination, product consumed and visitor profile features. In the case of cultural tourism, a good example is that of historic cities, which have their own cultural identity and heritage, and compete to make themselves differ - ent from one another through many marketing strategies. This study presents the profile of visitors to the World Heritage City of Evora, including their travel motivations and level of satisfaction with the attributes. Subsequently, the main purpose of this study is to determine the cultural profile of visitors to the World Heritage City of Evora. The data collection tech- nique applied was a visitor survey. The process adopted for the sample definition was a prob - abilistic sampling, namely the adoption of a stratified sampling plan, by place of residence. Further analysis shows that the most important motivations for...

A complementaridade de produtos e a criação de redes no sucesso da experiência turística rural no Alentejo

Crossing frontiers between tourism and demography . An empirical analysis based on European travellers ’ behaviour

This paper aims to establish possible tourism demand scenarios of European travellers to Portugal... more This paper aims to establish possible tourism demand scenarios of European travellers to Portugal based on the relationship with changing population structures. A combination of the EUROBAROMETER report 370 (“Attitudes of Europeans towards Tourism in 2013”) and the cohort-component method for population projections will allow the development of different possible tourism demand scenarios. Following the European report, individuals who travelled in 2013 were most likely to live in a household with two or more individuals. Thus, if elderly couples are together till later in their life and in better physiological shape, it is possible that the number of elderly individuals travelling for tourism purposes will increase in the near future. If we can expect tourists from developing countries to be younger due to their demographic dynamics than those from developed countries, where the ageing population is growing fast, we can expect that the percentage of the elderly among tourists will i...

Destination Choice, Repeating Behaviour and the Tourist-Destination Life Cycle Hypothesis

Tourists develop important ties with particular destinations along their lives, resulting in a re... more Tourists develop important ties with particular destinations along their lives, resulting in a revisiting behaviour. In this paper we propose the tourist-destination life cycle (TDLC) hypothesis. The hypothesis states that tourist behaviour, choices and vacational experience change and evolve along the life cycle built between tourists and destinations. Increasing contacts turn into a deeper knowledge of the destination, leading to a new approach towards the vacational experience. In order to start testing for such a general hypothesis, we focus on a specific aspect of the tourist-destination relationship in this chapter. In particular, we are interested in better understanding if the role of factors driving repeating behaviour of tourists also change along the TDLC. In pursuing this objective, we employ econometric modelling techniques applied to empirical data for Spanish destinations like Quantile Regressions. Modelling approach combines variables from the repeating choice litera...

Turismo e Autenticidade Em Cidades Património Mundial: O Grau De Satisfação Do Turista Cultural Na Cidade De Évora (Portugal)

As Cidades PatrimA³nio Mundial sA£o um elemento fundamental para a captaA§A£o de turistas e visit... more As Cidades PatrimA³nio Mundial sA£o um elemento fundamental para a captaA§A£o de turistas e visitantes. O estatuto de â€˜PatrimA³nio Mundialâ€™ faz com que estas cidades, com a chancela da UNESCO, funcionem como uma distinA§A£o simbA³lica para atraArem turistas que procuram conhecer e experienciar uma cultura com autenticidade e a histA³ria de um outro povo. A cidade de A‰vora foi classificada, em 1986, pela UNESCO como PatrimA³nio Mundial devido, especialmente, ao seu centro histA³rico que contempla caracterAsticas arquitetA³nicas singulares. O turista cultural apresenta diferentes motivaA§Aµes que podem estar associadas a questAµes sociais, pessoais e educativas. SA£o as motivaA§Aµes do turista cultural ligadas aos atributos culturais do destino que contribuem para o seu grau de satisfaA§A£o. Compreender o processo da satisfaA§A£o do turista cultural em cidades patrimA³nio mundial A© fundamental para o futuro de um destino turAstico. O presente artigo pretende identificar o gra...

Segmenting tourists by expenditure patterns: An instrument for enhancing tourism economic benefits on a Portuguese World Heritage site

Segmenting tourists by expenditure patterns: An instrument for enhancing tourism economic benefit... more Segmenting tourists by expenditure patterns: An instrument for enhancing tourism economic benefits on a Portuguese World Heritage site Segmentação do mercado turístico de acordo com o padrão de despesa: Um instrumento para maximizar os benefícios económicos do turismo num destino português Património Mundial

The creative and cultural tourism ecosystem: A conceptual model

Dos Algarves: A Multidisciplinary e-Journal, 2020

The cultural tourism ecosystem includes a strong creative dimension, to which is added a complex ... more The cultural tourism ecosystem includes a strong creative dimension, to which is added a complex interconnectivity between stakeholders, resources and organizations, which extends across various spatial and sectorial scales. This article seeks to synthesize the cultural and creative tourism "state of the art" as a platform for the construction of a theoretical model guiding creative experience. Proposing a theoretical model, the researchers show a way for a better understanding of the complex creative system, without focusing on details but suggesting a global point of view. The aim is to understand the links between the ideas, determine the importance and relevance of arguments and use to approach the problems in a consistent way. The study is based on a diverse documental analysis and literature review, and aims to suggest a new "Creative Tourism Ecosystem model" which creates and delivers unique tourism experiences (endorsing co-creation of value), integrates responsible and collaborative approaches among all stakeholders (increasing coopetition network strategies) and is a sustainable catalyst for low-population density areas (reinforcing and safeguarding the cultural landscape). As a result, several benchmarks will be presented to illustrate best practices.

Yielding Tourists’ Preferences

Advances in Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2015

This chapter uses stated tourist preferences as a proxy of visitor yield measures, in order to an... more This chapter uses stated tourist preferences as a proxy of visitor yield measures, in order to analyse and understand the yield potential of different markets' preferences. A literature review revealed that there is much progress to be made in terms of discussion, consensus and stability of methodology for the measurement of visitor yield. The aim of the visitor yield analysis, in the current chapter, is also to bring another dimension into yield analysis and discussion, contributing with a new form of measuring yield potential. Since the objective is to identify yield patterns based on tourist preferences over a period of time, dynamics may be captured from the fluctuation patterns, or expressed as volatility of visitor yield and length of stay throughout the years. Destination management organisations and tourist companies may potentially adopt this visitor yield matrix in order to support future strategic decisions.

A comparative analysis of tourism destination demand in Portugal

Tourism has experienced different levels of development in the different regions of Portugal. To ... more Tourism has experienced different levels of development in the different regions of Portugal. To frame this development, in this paper dynamic panel data models were estimated with the objective of explaining the evolution of international overnight stays in each region. Secondary data from 2000 to 2011 was used. The analysis includes the main tourism source markets for Portugal, such as the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, France and Spain. The tourism literature suggests that, among others, the main determinants of tourism demand are income (GDP), household consumption, unemployment rate and the harmonised consumer price index. Per capita income, unemployment rate and final household consumption were identified as the most shared explanatory variables in each tourism region. However, in some regions, the high elasticity with respect to per capita income was confirmed, suggesting that tourism is a luxury good. It is observed that, although significant, the explanatory power of these variables varies according to the origin and the destination region considered. Findings suggest heterogeneous behaviour of the main international tourism demand by region. Furthermore, results also suggest some implications for public and private tourism authorities. Stakeholders can update the analysis, trends and forecasts of international tourism demand, put forward in the National Strategic Plan for Tourism for the period from 2013 to 2015, by taking into account the different macroeconomic variables that help explain international overnight stays in each region of Portugal.

Tourist spending dynamics in the Algarve: a cross-sectional analysis

Tourism Economics, 2015

This paper assesses the determinants of international tourists' spending in the Algarve from ... more This paper assesses the determinants of international tourists' spending in the Algarve from 2007 to 2010. Based on a sample of 15,542 observations a cross-section model was estimated using ordinary least squares. The results reveal that a combination of socio-demographic, behavioural and motivation variables explain the spending patterns of international tourists in the Algarve. Analysis of the data indicates that tourist motivations related to accommodation facilities, cultural and historical resources, gastronomy, hospitality, prices and sightseeing tours positively affect tourists' spending. Moreover, the findings provide evidence that, over the years, the most loyal markets in Algarve reveal changing patterns in their spending behaviour. Destination management authorities should be aware of this spending behaviour of second-generation sun and sand visitors and should formulate strategies accordingly. Policy and managerial recommendations are discussed.

TURISMO CULTURAL EM CIDADES HISTÓRICAS: A CIDADE DE ÉVORA E AS MOTIVAÇÕES DO TURISTA CULTURAL Cultural Tourism in Historic Towns: The City of Évora and the Tourists Cultural Motivations

Resumo Os turistas viajam, cada vez mais, para observar ou consumir lugares com importância histó... more Resumo Os turistas viajam, cada vez mais, para observar ou consumir lugares com importância histórica. Neste desejo de consumo dos turistas estão as cidades históricas que, pela sua essência, funcionam como uma das principais atrações turísticas dos nossos dias. O turista cultural nas suas viagens às cidades históricas procura as diferenças culturais, a herança, o contacto com outras culturas. Classificada pela UNESCO, em 1986, como 'Património Mundial', Évora é uma cidade histórica que apresenta distintas particularidades na área do turismo cultural. O seu centro histórico que engloba o património cultural material e imaterial funciona como um cartão de identidade para atrair turistas e/ou visitantes. O presente artigo pretende identificar e analisar as principais motivações para os turistas visitarem a cidade de Évora, o grau de influência da designação 'Évora Património da Humanidade' para o processo de decisão da escolha do destino e, ainda, a intenção de comport...

Creative Industrial Tourism in Alentejo: The Case of the Estremoz Anticlinal Marble Route’

Advances in Tourism, Technology and Systems

The offer of tourist routes in inland destinations has increasingly assumed a relevant role becau... more The offer of tourist routes in inland destinations has increasingly assumed a relevant role because they have the potential to give new uses to a great diversity of resources of endogenous character. They have a multifaceted character and are easily adaptable to audiences with very different sociodemographic characteristics in terms of age, educational level, economic level and time availability, among others. This article explores the case of a tourist route that is offered in the segment of creative industrial tourism, in a perspective still under development in the Alentejo region in Portugal. In this approach, creative industrial tourism is understood as the active participation of tourists in educational activities linked to the industrial heritage of a region. Its objective is to characterize the Estremoz Anticlinal Marble Route', in terms of the structure and processes developed for its commercialization. The institutional, sociocultural and environmental context on which its planning and management was based, coupled with the fact that it was integrated into the CREATOUR network for the enhancement of creative tourism, make this route a reference in the offer of the destination where it operates.

Impact of Partial Privatization on Productive Efficiency: Evidence from a chain of small hotels in Portugal

Understanding the tourists´ length of relationship with a destination

Segmenting tourists by expenditure patterns: An instrument for enhancing tourism economic benefits on a Portuguese World Heritage site

Tourism is an activity with high potential for stimulating the development of local economies, wi... more Tourism is an activity with high potential for stimulating the development of local economies, with different types of visitors having distinct environmental, social and economic effects on destinations (Lundie, Dwyer, & Forsyth, 2007; Nickerson, Jorgenson, & Boley, 2016). Notwithstanding, there is a research gap on strategies aimed at maximizing the economic relevance of tourism for local tourism destinations using market segmentation, based on visitors’ daily expenditure level at the destination, as a starting point (Lima, Eusebio, & Kastenholz, 2012). This gap becomes more evident when we refer to World Heritage Sites (WHS) destinations (Amir, Osman, Bachok, & Ibrahim, 2016). This study presents the results of the tourist market segmentation of a Portuguese municipality - Evora, a UNESCO’s WHS, located in Alentejo. The study aims to identify the homogenous groups of visitors that prevail in a WHS destination based on expenditure patterns and furthermore at contributing to the dev...

Creative Industrial Tourism in Alentejo: The Case of the Estremoz Anticlinal Marble Route’

The offer of tourist routes in inland destinations has increasingly assumed a relevant role becau... more The offer of tourist routes in inland destinations has increasingly assumed a relevant role because they have the potential to give new uses to a great diversity of resources of endogenous character. They have a multifaceted character and are easily adaptable to audiences with very different sociodemographic characteristics in terms of age, educational level, economic level and time availability, among others. This article explores the case of a tourist route that is offered in the segment of creative industrial tourism, in a perspective still under development in the Alentejo region in Portugal. In this approach, creative industrial tourism is understood as the active participation of tourists in educational activities linked to the industrial heritage of a region. Its objective is to characterize the Estremoz Anticlinal Marble Route', in terms of the structure and processes developed for its commercialization. The institutional, sociocultural and environmental context on which its planning and management was based, coupled with the fact that it was integrated into the CREATOUR network for the enhancement of creative tourism, make this route a reference in the offer of the destination where it operates.

Gastronomia de Taberna & Storytelling: Saberes e Sabores Que Reforçam a Identidade Cultural do Território

EnglishThe tavern gastronomy reflects several cultural symbolic markers, allowing intangible heri... more EnglishThe tavern gastronomy reflects several cultural symbolic markers, allowing intangible heritage and culinary tastes to be kept alive. Taverns are spaces of innovation (creativity) and permanence (traditions), where socialization modes, cultural transmission and storytelling are increasingly appreciated by tourists. A "triangulation" of three sources (cookbooks) was used as methodology, aiming to list the most authentic and emblematic dishes of the Alentejo gastronomy. Municipalities and tourism entities must cherish the tavern concept, supporting the safeguarding and preservation of these spaces and cultures and also the territory development. portuguesA gastronomia de taberna, quando observada pela lente dos rituais identitarios dos destinos, reflete os diversos marcadores simbolicos da sua genese cultural, permitindo que os saber fazer e os gostos culinarios sejam mantidos vivos, e se tornem agentes de progresso regional. Os patrimonios alimentares sao espacos de i...

The Creative Tourist Experience in the Alentejo Region: A Case Study of the CREATOUR Project in Portugal

Tourism demand for culture-based creative tourism has been triggering growing interest in various... more Tourism demand for culture-based creative tourism has been triggering growing interest in various research domains. In the context of the CREATOUR project ‘Creative Tourism Destination Development in Small Cities and Rural Areas’, an exploratory study was conducted in order to describe and analyse the tourist experience in the pilot activities carried out. The profile of the tourists that participated in the creative tourism activities promoted by the CREATOUR pilot in the Alentejo Portuguese region will be under review concerning sociodemographic characteristics, travel behaviour and motivations. To accomplish this objective, a total of 74 surveys were collected in 2018. Results revealed that participants in creative activities are of an active professional age, have a higher level of qualifications and travel with their partners or in an organised group. Regarding their motivations, results also revealed that they seek original experiences and want to stimulate more creative behav...

Estratégia de sensibilização dos alunos universitários para o tema do turismo acessível: O caso da licenciatura em Turismo da Universidade de Évora

Vive-se atualmente um contexto de reflexao internacional por parte de diversos investigadores que... more Vive-se atualmente um contexto de reflexao internacional por parte de diversos investigadores que reconhecem a necessidade de reinventar os planos de estudos e as suas dinâmicas de formacao, de modo a que os alunos fiquem mais aptos a enfrentar os desafios do mercado de trabalho (e.g. Ayikoru, Tribe & Airey, 2009; Fidgeon, 2010; Hoidn & Karkkainen, 2014; OECD, 2016; Stergiou, Airey & Riley, 2008). Sao valorizadas iniciativas que envolvam dinâmicas educativas inovadoras e que sejam capazes de incutir nos alunos as qualidades humanas necessarias para desenvolver um sentido mais critico sobre os problemas sociais que realmente afetam a nossa sociedade e, em consequencia, possam ter efeitos positivos no nivel de competitividade das empresas.

Turismo Rural e Turismo Comunitário no Espaço Ibero-Americano

ViSiTOrS TO THE CiTY OF ÉVOrA: WHO ArE THEY?

Nowadays, driven by multiple factors, tourist demand presents patterned behav- iour which is subd... more Nowadays, driven by multiple factors, tourist demand presents patterned behav- iour which is subdivided into several typologies according to destination, product consumed and visitor profile features. In the case of cultural tourism, a good example is that of historic cities, which have their own cultural identity and heritage, and compete to make themselves differ - ent from one another through many marketing strategies. This study presents the profile of visitors to the World Heritage City of Evora, including their travel motivations and level of satisfaction with the attributes. Subsequently, the main purpose of this study is to determine the cultural profile of visitors to the World Heritage City of Evora. The data collection tech- nique applied was a visitor survey. The process adopted for the sample definition was a prob - abilistic sampling, namely the adoption of a stratified sampling plan, by place of residence. Further analysis shows that the most important motivations for...

A complementaridade de produtos e a criação de redes no sucesso da experiência turística rural no Alentejo

Crossing frontiers between tourism and demography . An empirical analysis based on European travellers ’ behaviour

This paper aims to establish possible tourism demand scenarios of European travellers to Portugal... more This paper aims to establish possible tourism demand scenarios of European travellers to Portugal based on the relationship with changing population structures. A combination of the EUROBAROMETER report 370 (“Attitudes of Europeans towards Tourism in 2013”) and the cohort-component method for population projections will allow the development of different possible tourism demand scenarios. Following the European report, individuals who travelled in 2013 were most likely to live in a household with two or more individuals. Thus, if elderly couples are together till later in their life and in better physiological shape, it is possible that the number of elderly individuals travelling for tourism purposes will increase in the near future. If we can expect tourists from developing countries to be younger due to their demographic dynamics than those from developed countries, where the ageing population is growing fast, we can expect that the percentage of the elderly among tourists will i...

Destination Choice, Repeating Behaviour and the Tourist-Destination Life Cycle Hypothesis

Tourists develop important ties with particular destinations along their lives, resulting in a re... more Tourists develop important ties with particular destinations along their lives, resulting in a revisiting behaviour. In this paper we propose the tourist-destination life cycle (TDLC) hypothesis. The hypothesis states that tourist behaviour, choices and vacational experience change and evolve along the life cycle built between tourists and destinations. Increasing contacts turn into a deeper knowledge of the destination, leading to a new approach towards the vacational experience. In order to start testing for such a general hypothesis, we focus on a specific aspect of the tourist-destination relationship in this chapter. In particular, we are interested in better understanding if the role of factors driving repeating behaviour of tourists also change along the TDLC. In pursuing this objective, we employ econometric modelling techniques applied to empirical data for Spanish destinations like Quantile Regressions. Modelling approach combines variables from the repeating choice litera...

Turismo e Autenticidade Em Cidades Património Mundial: O Grau De Satisfação Do Turista Cultural Na Cidade De Évora (Portugal)

As Cidades PatrimA³nio Mundial sA£o um elemento fundamental para a captaA§A£o de turistas e visit... more As Cidades PatrimA³nio Mundial sA£o um elemento fundamental para a captaA§A£o de turistas e visitantes. O estatuto de â€˜PatrimA³nio Mundialâ€™ faz com que estas cidades, com a chancela da UNESCO, funcionem como uma distinA§A£o simbA³lica para atraArem turistas que procuram conhecer e experienciar uma cultura com autenticidade e a histA³ria de um outro povo. A cidade de A‰vora foi classificada, em 1986, pela UNESCO como PatrimA³nio Mundial devido, especialmente, ao seu centro histA³rico que contempla caracterAsticas arquitetA³nicas singulares. O turista cultural apresenta diferentes motivaA§Aµes que podem estar associadas a questAµes sociais, pessoais e educativas. SA£o as motivaA§Aµes do turista cultural ligadas aos atributos culturais do destino que contribuem para o seu grau de satisfaA§A£o. Compreender o processo da satisfaA§A£o do turista cultural em cidades patrimA³nio mundial A© fundamental para o futuro de um destino turAstico. O presente artigo pretende identificar o gra...

Quadro Metodológico para a Elaboração da Conta Satélite do Turismo para a Região do Alentejo (2012) -Coordenação: Noémi Marujo, Maria do Rosário Borges e Jaime Serra

by Noemi Marujo, Jaime Serra, Eva Milheiro, and Gorete Dinis

A importância económica do turismo tem sido referida por muitos agentes, públicos e privados, mas... more A importância económica do turismo tem sido referida por muitos agentes, públicos e privados, mas é necessário desenvolver instrumentos que meçam a real dimensão dos impactos a nível regional, com rigor, actualidade e de forma regular, de modo a que essa informação possa ser incorporada no processo de tomada de decisão dos stakeholders e contribuir para uma maior eficiência das suas operações. O livro que engloba 4 capitulos tem a contribuição dos seguintes autores: Noémi Marujo, Jaime Serra, Maria do Rosário Borges, Celeste Eusébio, Eva Milheiro e Gorete Dinis.