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Tuula Honkonen

University of Eastern Finland, Law, Post-Doc

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Dr. Tuula Honkonen works as a Senior Lecturer at the UEF Law School. She is specialized in international environmental law and policy, having completed her Ph.D in 2008, the thesis focusing on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. Since then, she has participated in numerous research projects on different themes of international environmental law, ranging from the regulation of mining in Central Asia and the national implementation of international genetic resources regulation, to international water law and transboundary water agreements and to the future of international chemicals and waste management. Her specific current research interests lie in the dynamics of multilateral environmental agreements, natural resources governance (especially genetic resources and transboundary waters) and climate change issues. In addition to research, Dr. Honkonen has experience in teaching, journal editing, consultancy work and the preparation of training materials and exercises for international environmental law-making courses.Dr. Honkonen has adopted a multidisciplinary research approach which covers not only legal analysis but strongly incorporates also regulatory and policy-making aspects. In her research, she seeks to combine the legal perspective to practical policy-making, both and the national and international levels.
Address: Nokia, Western Finland, Finland

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Papers by Tuula Honkonen

Options for the institutional form of the Post-2020 Framework

Cross-cutting issues for the Post-2020 Framework

Functions for the Post-2020 Framework

The Common but Differentiated Responsibility Principle in Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Regulatory and Policy Aspects

Kluwer Law International eBooks, Aug 1, 2009

... I also want to thank the pre-examiners of my doctoral thesis, Professors Marc Pallemaerts (wh... more

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2010

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Nov 5, 2012

The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eas... more The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eastern Finland 1-UNEP Course on International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy, which was held from 15 to 27 August 2010 at the Joensuu campus of the University of Eastern Finland. Previous courses have been held in

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2019

The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eas... more The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eastern Finland 1-UNEP Course on International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy, which was held from 15 to 27 August 2010 at the Joensuu campus of the University of Eastern Finland. Previous courses have been held in

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2017

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Nov 10, 2018

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2012

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Dec 12, 2013

Ed Couzens, Tuula Honkonen &amp; Melissa Lewis (eds.) Special theme: Ocean Governance

Report from a Nordic Semina

6. Nordic Countries

Yearbook of International Environmental Law, Sep 29, 2022

The biggest policy efforts that took place in Finland in respect of international environmental l... more The biggest policy efforts that took place in Finland in respect of international environmental law concerned climate change and Arctic and Nordic cooperation. A large number of international environmental law-making meetings and conferences were postponed from 2020 to 2021, including the largest one: COP-26 of the UNFCCC, which was held in November. Overall, the outcome of the conference was met with mixed sentiments; parties were urged to update their emissions reduction targets by 2022, and a decision was made to review progress towards the Paris Agreement's goal of 1.5 degrees Celsius on an annual basis in the future. However, the ambition level in some of the agreed upon rules for the implementation of the agreement was not particularly high. Finland welcomed the intensified updating of the parties' climate targets since time is crucial to keep the 1.5 degrees Celsius target within reach. Regarding the rules governing market mechanisms under the Paris Agreement, Finland, together with the European Union (EU), advocated for stricter rules that would have entirely prohibited the use of old emission reduction units towards meeting the commitments of the Paris Agreement. This alternative was not, ultimately, successful in the negotiations. Outi Honkatukia, an experienced Finnish climate negotiator, acted as the lead negotiator for climate finance for the EU. After COP-26, she regretted that the obligations on funding under the Paris Agreement were still addressed only to the developed countries. In the area of climate finance, Finland continues to be involved in many initiatives, including, inter alia, the Adaptation Finance Champion's Groups and the Coalition of Finance Ministers for Climate Action. The latter is co-chaired by the Finnish minister of finance, Annika Saarikko. Finland signed numerous declarations and other multilateral initiatives at COP-26. These included a total of six declarations on more sustainable transport, which concerned road and maritime transport as well as aviation. Through the initiatives, Finland is now committed to, inter alia, aiming at zero-emission shipping by 2050 and promoting the target that all passenger cars and vans on sale will be zero emission by 2035 or earlier. In addition, Finland signed the Glasgow Declaration for Fair Water Footprints, which concerns the responsible use of water. The declaration is very well in line with Finland's national policy and international commitment to promote water responsibility and sustainability. Finland also joined the Glasgow Leaders' Declaration on Forests and Land Use, which aims at halting deforestation by 2030. In this respect, Finland highlights the role of multilateral cooperation for achieving the international targets related to forests. Finally, Finland signed the Global Methane

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2015

The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eas... more The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eastern Finland 1-UNEP Course on International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy, which was held from 15 to 27 August 2010 at the Joensuu campus of the University of Eastern Finland. Previous courses have been held in

International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy Review 2018

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Feb 7, 2020

Environmental security, mining and good governance : comparison of the mining laws of Finland and Kyrgyzstan - main features

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Nov 21, 2012

International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy

Finland and UNEP held the eleventh joint Course on Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) i... more Finland and UNEP held the eleventh joint Course on Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) in Joensuu, Finland. The papers compiled in this volume of the Review are based on lectures presented on the theme of environmental security. As we seek to strengthen environmental governance and negotiation capacity around the world, our aim is to help present and future MEA negotiators improve the implementation and impact of key treaties. Therefore, both the annual Course and this Review share the knowledge and experience of those working in the field of international environmental law-making, exposing students and practitioners to a variety of issues regarding environmental security, particularly in the context of transboundary water management. These carefully selected papers, from lecturers and participants, explore the options for developing instruments to manage environmental security issues. They in turn then inform and enhance policy choices to address those issues through bilateral and multilateral cooperation. In publishing these papers, we hope to benefit not only the Course participants, but also the much wider audience who can access them through the internet, along with volumes from previous years. We are grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful outcome of the eleventh Course and the Review, including the lecturers and authors. In particular, we would like to thank Melissa Lewis, Ed Couzens and Tuula Honkonen for their skillful and dedicated editing of the Review, as well as the members of the Editorial Board for providing guidance and oversight throughout this process.

Water Security and Climate Change: The Need for Adaptive Governance

Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, Jan 3, 2017

Climate change will bring about unprecedented economic, social and environmental effects, which r... more Climate change will bring about unprecedented economic, social and environmental effects, which require both the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation to its adverse effects. Water is the main element through which the impacts of climate change will be felt. Climate change results in increased uncertainties, complexities, stress and potential for conflicts within water management, both among and within states. New forms of governance are needed if the world is to respond to the need to adapt to changes in freshwater supply and to manage water security risks. This paper suggests that adaptive governance should to be main-streamed into all water regulation to ensure the availability of and access to safe water resources and to prevent waterrelated conflicts. The paper discusses the concept of water security in the context of climate change, the threats that climate change poses to water security, and the concept and implications of adaptive governance as a possible solution. The application of adaptive governance requires a certain degree of institutional and normative flexibility, instruments and institutions that can respond and adapt to changes and manage the level of uncertainty associated with the impacts of climate change. The governance institutions, methods and instruments should be responsive to new information and different kinds of uncertainties, while reflecting the vulnerabilities, capacities, needs and priorities of both societies and ecosystems in the face of climate change. Water security risks could be reduced by increased hydrosolidarity among states, which would present the challenges posed by climate change on water governance and security as primarily an opportunity for new forms of cooperation.

International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy Review 2021 - UNEP Course Series 20

To promote information sharing and support countries to meet their obligations, the United Nation... more To promote information sharing and support countries to meet their obligations, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), in partnership with the University of Eastern Finland has organized annual training courses on MEAs since 2004. This volume of the Review contains a compilation of papers from the 17th Course, presenting a valuable collection of lessons and insights drawn from the Course to a wider audience. The Review covers a variety of topics on the post-2020 biodiversity agenda, canvassing the history and current situation of the agenda; progress towards agreement on marine biodiversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction; biodiversity and international human rights; biodiversity protection and emerging technologies; and the rise of ecological restoration law. The Review also provides insights on legal drafting skills in MEA negotiations, rules of procedure and virtual MEA negotiations.

The development of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and its place in international environmental regimes

Routledge, Jan 29, 2016

CBDR and climate change

International environmental diplomacy and negotiations SYLVIA BANKOBEZA, ELIZABETH MARUMAMREMA AND

Introduction : The substance and the structure of international environmental law-making and diplomacy

Options for the institutional form of the Post-2020 Framework

Cross-cutting issues for the Post-2020 Framework

Functions for the Post-2020 Framework

The Common but Differentiated Responsibility Principle in Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Regulatory and Policy Aspects

Kluwer Law International eBooks, Aug 1, 2009

... I also want to thank the pre-examiners of my doctoral thesis, Professors Marc Pallemaerts (wh... more

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2010

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Nov 5, 2012

The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eas... more The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eastern Finland 1-UNEP Course on International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy, which was held from 15 to 27 August 2010 at the Joensuu campus of the University of Eastern Finland. Previous courses have been held in

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2019

The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eas... more The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eastern Finland 1-UNEP Course on International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy, which was held from 15 to 27 August 2010 at the Joensuu campus of the University of Eastern Finland. Previous courses have been held in

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2017

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Nov 10, 2018

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2012

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Dec 12, 2013

Ed Couzens, Tuula Honkonen &amp; Melissa Lewis (eds.) Special theme: Ocean Governance

Report from a Nordic Semina

6. Nordic Countries

Yearbook of International Environmental Law, Sep 29, 2022

The biggest policy efforts that took place in Finland in respect of international environmental l... more The biggest policy efforts that took place in Finland in respect of international environmental law concerned climate change and Arctic and Nordic cooperation. A large number of international environmental law-making meetings and conferences were postponed from 2020 to 2021, including the largest one: COP-26 of the UNFCCC, which was held in November. Overall, the outcome of the conference was met with mixed sentiments; parties were urged to update their emissions reduction targets by 2022, and a decision was made to review progress towards the Paris Agreement's goal of 1.5 degrees Celsius on an annual basis in the future. However, the ambition level in some of the agreed upon rules for the implementation of the agreement was not particularly high. Finland welcomed the intensified updating of the parties' climate targets since time is crucial to keep the 1.5 degrees Celsius target within reach. Regarding the rules governing market mechanisms under the Paris Agreement, Finland, together with the European Union (EU), advocated for stricter rules that would have entirely prohibited the use of old emission reduction units towards meeting the commitments of the Paris Agreement. This alternative was not, ultimately, successful in the negotiations. Outi Honkatukia, an experienced Finnish climate negotiator, acted as the lead negotiator for climate finance for the EU. After COP-26, she regretted that the obligations on funding under the Paris Agreement were still addressed only to the developed countries. In the area of climate finance, Finland continues to be involved in many initiatives, including, inter alia, the Adaptation Finance Champion's Groups and the Coalition of Finance Ministers for Climate Action. The latter is co-chaired by the Finnish minister of finance, Annika Saarikko. Finland signed numerous declarations and other multilateral initiatives at COP-26. These included a total of six declarations on more sustainable transport, which concerned road and maritime transport as well as aviation. Through the initiatives, Finland is now committed to, inter alia, aiming at zero-emission shipping by 2050 and promoting the target that all passenger cars and vans on sale will be zero emission by 2035 or earlier. In addition, Finland signed the Glasgow Declaration for Fair Water Footprints, which concerns the responsible use of water. The declaration is very well in line with Finland's national policy and international commitment to promote water responsibility and sustainability. Finland also joined the Glasgow Leaders' Declaration on Forests and Land Use, which aims at halting deforestation by 2030. In this respect, Finland highlights the role of multilateral cooperation for achieving the international targets related to forests. Finally, Finland signed the Global Methane

International environmental law-making and diplomacy review 2015

The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eas... more The papers in the present Review are based on lectures given during the seventh University of Eastern Finland 1-UNEP Course on International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy, which was held from 15 to 27 August 2010 at the Joensuu campus of the University of Eastern Finland. Previous courses have been held in

International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy Review 2018

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Feb 7, 2020

Environmental security, mining and good governance : comparison of the mining laws of Finland and Kyrgyzstan - main features

Itä-Suomen yliopisto eBooks, Nov 21, 2012

International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy

Finland and UNEP held the eleventh joint Course on Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) i... more Finland and UNEP held the eleventh joint Course on Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) in Joensuu, Finland. The papers compiled in this volume of the Review are based on lectures presented on the theme of environmental security. As we seek to strengthen environmental governance and negotiation capacity around the world, our aim is to help present and future MEA negotiators improve the implementation and impact of key treaties. Therefore, both the annual Course and this Review share the knowledge and experience of those working in the field of international environmental law-making, exposing students and practitioners to a variety of issues regarding environmental security, particularly in the context of transboundary water management. These carefully selected papers, from lecturers and participants, explore the options for developing instruments to manage environmental security issues. They in turn then inform and enhance policy choices to address those issues through bilateral and multilateral cooperation. In publishing these papers, we hope to benefit not only the Course participants, but also the much wider audience who can access them through the internet, along with volumes from previous years. We are grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful outcome of the eleventh Course and the Review, including the lecturers and authors. In particular, we would like to thank Melissa Lewis, Ed Couzens and Tuula Honkonen for their skillful and dedicated editing of the Review, as well as the members of the Editorial Board for providing guidance and oversight throughout this process.

Water Security and Climate Change: The Need for Adaptive Governance

Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, Jan 3, 2017

Climate change will bring about unprecedented economic, social and environmental effects, which r... more Climate change will bring about unprecedented economic, social and environmental effects, which require both the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation to its adverse effects. Water is the main element through which the impacts of climate change will be felt. Climate change results in increased uncertainties, complexities, stress and potential for conflicts within water management, both among and within states. New forms of governance are needed if the world is to respond to the need to adapt to changes in freshwater supply and to manage water security risks. This paper suggests that adaptive governance should to be main-streamed into all water regulation to ensure the availability of and access to safe water resources and to prevent waterrelated conflicts. The paper discusses the concept of water security in the context of climate change, the threats that climate change poses to water security, and the concept and implications of adaptive governance as a possible solution. The application of adaptive governance requires a certain degree of institutional and normative flexibility, instruments and institutions that can respond and adapt to changes and manage the level of uncertainty associated with the impacts of climate change. The governance institutions, methods and instruments should be responsive to new information and different kinds of uncertainties, while reflecting the vulnerabilities, capacities, needs and priorities of both societies and ecosystems in the face of climate change. Water security risks could be reduced by increased hydrosolidarity among states, which would present the challenges posed by climate change on water governance and security as primarily an opportunity for new forms of cooperation.

International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy Review 2021 - UNEP Course Series 20

To promote information sharing and support countries to meet their obligations, the United Nation... more To promote information sharing and support countries to meet their obligations, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), in partnership with the University of Eastern Finland has organized annual training courses on MEAs since 2004. This volume of the Review contains a compilation of papers from the 17th Course, presenting a valuable collection of lessons and insights drawn from the Course to a wider audience. The Review covers a variety of topics on the post-2020 biodiversity agenda, canvassing the history and current situation of the agenda; progress towards agreement on marine biodiversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction; biodiversity and international human rights; biodiversity protection and emerging technologies; and the rise of ecological restoration law. The Review also provides insights on legal drafting skills in MEA negotiations, rules of procedure and virtual MEA negotiations.

The development of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and its place in international environmental regimes

Routledge, Jan 29, 2016

CBDR and climate change

International environmental diplomacy and negotiations SYLVIA BANKOBEZA, ELIZABETH MARUMAMREMA AND

Introduction : The substance and the structure of international environmental law-making and diplomacy