This paper reports on an empirical experiment in which a group of MA student translators justifie... more This paper reports on an empirical experiment in which a group of MA student translators justified their translation solutions. The aim of the work was to determine to what extent students rely on their theoretical knowledge of translation in their justifications and use the metalanguage of the field. The data consists of transcribed retrospections which were carried out immediately after the students had completed the translation task, with screen recordings of translation processes as the cue. In the retrospection, students commented on their translation processes. The results indicate that approximately one third of all justifications are based on a gut feeling, and the use of metalanguage is scarce. The results point to the need to practice the skill of justifying one's solutions orally during translator training.
HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, 2020
Translation is commonly regarded as a service both in translation industry and within Translation... more Translation is commonly regarded as a service both in translation industry and within Translation Studies (TS), but the question of what makes translation a service has not been widely explored. This conceptual paper looks at non-literary translation as a service, applying a paradigm of Service-Dominant S-D logic (S-D logic) to the field. Practices in translation service provision are analysed using the Facilities-Transformation-Usage framework (FTU framework), designed on the premises of S-D logic, as a tool. The paper shows that translation practices in general comply with this theoretical perspective, making translation, by definition, a service, and opens a window into the aspects that make it a service. Some current practices in the field do not, however, meet the criteria of an ideal service. These practices are discussed briefly in order to pinpoint, from the service theoretical point of view, where the problems lie.
This paper provides a developmental perspective on the concept of source text (ST) influence in t... more This paper provides a developmental perspective on the concept of source text (ST) influence in translation. ST influence is regarded as any influence a ST may have on the production of a target text (TT); as positive transfer, in which case the similarities between working languages are exploited in translation, and as negative transfer, in which case ST-induced solutions violate the TL norms or conventions. It is argued that translation is balancing between interlingual differences and similarities, avoiding the negative transfer that may result from the first while benefiting from the similarities. The emphasis in this paper is in student translation: it introduces results from a longitudinal study, focusing on the way a ST influences student translation at the beginning and end of BA level translator training. In the end, the implications of the study for translator training are discussed.
Tämä kirjoitus on terminologinen katsaus termiin interferenssi (engl. interference) ja niihin k... more Tämä kirjoitus on terminologinen katsaus termiin interferenssi (engl. interference) ja niihin kieltenvälisen vaikutuksen ilmiöihin, joihin interferenssillä on tutkimuskirjallisuudessa viitattu. Perehdymme interferenssiin kontaktilingvistiikan, maailman englantien tutkimuksen, toisen kielen omaksumisen tutkimuksen ja käännöstieteen kentillä. Tavoitteenamme on kuvata termin käyttöä ja niitä kielikontakti-ilmiöitä, joihin termillä on viitattu, ja avata tutkimussuuntausten välisiä yhtäläisyyksiä ja eroja. Pohdimme interferenssin suhdetta kuhunkin tutkimustraditioon ja siihen kieli-ideologiaan, jolle traditio pohjautuu. Nostamme samalla esiin interferenssiä korvaamaan tulleita termejä; interferenssistä luopumiseen ovat usein johtaneet uudet näkemykset, jotka käsitteistävät kontakteja ja niiden seurauksia aikaisemmasta poikkeavalla tavalla.
This article discusses intercultural competence in the context of
translator training. It looks a... more This article discusses intercultural competence in the context of translator training. It looks at the way this competence is incorpo- rated and defined in the overall translation competence models, moving on to introduce two models that focus on intercultural competence in particular and serve to operationalise the concept for pedagogical purposes. Making this competence more explicit in translator training is considered vital: in the light of results gained from a survey into the current pedagogical practice, trans- lator trainers’ and translation students’ understanding of the nat- ure and extent of (inter)cultural training do not match. This calls for re-evaluation of teaching practice, which, in turn, presupposes a detailed, comprehensive account of the various dimensions of intercultural competence a translator is to possess. This article discusses these dimensions and provides exemplary scenarios on how to address them in translator training.
Proceedings of the Maastricht Session of the 5th International Maastricht-Lódz Duo Colloquium on ”Translation and Meaning”, held in Maastricht 19.-22.5.2010., 2013
Expertise studies in the field of translation have yielded valuable information on typical novice... more Expertise studies in the field of translation have yielded valuable information on typical novice behavior in translation. From the teaching point of view, however, considering all students as novices appears to be poorly justified. While one student may show all prototypical tendencies of a novice translator, the other may translate in an almost professional manner. My PhD thesis aims at shedding light on different ways of learning translation. Its first phase focuses on describing different starting points, i.e. discovering what declarative and procedural knowledge of translation the students of translation possess at the beginning of their studies. In this article, the translation processes and products of four first-year students are presented and discussed with the aim of depicting their starting points with regard to translation-related competence.
This article discusses the various ways in which pauses have been operationalised in translation ... more This article discusses the various ways in which pauses have been operationalised in translation process research. The factors used to determine the significant pause length in various research settings will be reflected upon: different types of data yield different kinds of pauses, the lengths of which having been determined based on the aim and purpose of each study. In addition, different data collection methods provide different possibilities with regard to the exactness of pause length measurements. Hence, the significant pause length is a variable that must be determined and justified in each study to correspond to the research goals.
This Finnish language paper examines the term 'interference', its uses (or avoidance) and the lan... more This Finnish language paper examines the term 'interference', its uses (or avoidance) and the language ideologies related to it in the fields of contact linguistics, World Englishes research, second language acquisition research and translation studies.
Grano Oy Joensuu, 2016 Sarjan toimittaja: Maija Könönen Myynti: Itä-Suomen yliopiston kirjasto IS... more Grano Oy Joensuu, 2016 Sarjan toimittaja: Maija Könönen Myynti: Itä-Suomen yliopiston kirjasto ISBN: 978-952-61-2234-2 (nid.) ISSNL: 1798-5625 ISSN: 1798-5625 ISBN: 978-952-61-2235-9 (PDF) ISSN: 1798-5633 (PDF) v Kumpulainen, Minna Learning translation: an empirical study into the acquisition of interlingual text production skills Joensuu: University of Eastern Finland, 2016, 242 pages Publications of the University of Eastern Finland Dissertations in Education, Humanities, and Theology; 91 ISBN: 978-952-61-2234-2 (print.) ISSNL: 1798-5625 ISSN: 1798-5625 ISBN: 978-952-61-2235-9 (PDF) ISSN: 1798-5633 (PDF)
This paper reports on an empirical experiment in which a group of MA student translators justifie... more This paper reports on an empirical experiment in which a group of MA student translators justified their translation solutions. The aim of the work was to determine to what extent students rely on their theoretical knowledge of translation in their justifications and use the metalanguage of the field. The data consists of transcribed retrospections which were carried out immediately after the students had completed the translation task, with screen recordings of translation processes as the cue. In the retrospection, students commented on their translation processes. The results indicate that approximately one third of all justifications are based on a gut feeling, and the use of metalanguage is scarce. The results point to the need to practice the skill of justifying one's solutions orally during translator training.
HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, 2020
Translation is commonly regarded as a service both in translation industry and within Translation... more Translation is commonly regarded as a service both in translation industry and within Translation Studies (TS), but the question of what makes translation a service has not been widely explored. This conceptual paper looks at non-literary translation as a service, applying a paradigm of Service-Dominant S-D logic (S-D logic) to the field. Practices in translation service provision are analysed using the Facilities-Transformation-Usage framework (FTU framework), designed on the premises of S-D logic, as a tool. The paper shows that translation practices in general comply with this theoretical perspective, making translation, by definition, a service, and opens a window into the aspects that make it a service. Some current practices in the field do not, however, meet the criteria of an ideal service. These practices are discussed briefly in order to pinpoint, from the service theoretical point of view, where the problems lie.
This paper provides a developmental perspective on the concept of source text (ST) influence in t... more This paper provides a developmental perspective on the concept of source text (ST) influence in translation. ST influence is regarded as any influence a ST may have on the production of a target text (TT); as positive transfer, in which case the similarities between working languages are exploited in translation, and as negative transfer, in which case ST-induced solutions violate the TL norms or conventions. It is argued that translation is balancing between interlingual differences and similarities, avoiding the negative transfer that may result from the first while benefiting from the similarities. The emphasis in this paper is in student translation: it introduces results from a longitudinal study, focusing on the way a ST influences student translation at the beginning and end of BA level translator training. In the end, the implications of the study for translator training are discussed.
Tämä kirjoitus on terminologinen katsaus termiin interferenssi (engl. interference) ja niihin k... more Tämä kirjoitus on terminologinen katsaus termiin interferenssi (engl. interference) ja niihin kieltenvälisen vaikutuksen ilmiöihin, joihin interferenssillä on tutkimuskirjallisuudessa viitattu. Perehdymme interferenssiin kontaktilingvistiikan, maailman englantien tutkimuksen, toisen kielen omaksumisen tutkimuksen ja käännöstieteen kentillä. Tavoitteenamme on kuvata termin käyttöä ja niitä kielikontakti-ilmiöitä, joihin termillä on viitattu, ja avata tutkimussuuntausten välisiä yhtäläisyyksiä ja eroja. Pohdimme interferenssin suhdetta kuhunkin tutkimustraditioon ja siihen kieli-ideologiaan, jolle traditio pohjautuu. Nostamme samalla esiin interferenssiä korvaamaan tulleita termejä; interferenssistä luopumiseen ovat usein johtaneet uudet näkemykset, jotka käsitteistävät kontakteja ja niiden seurauksia aikaisemmasta poikkeavalla tavalla.
This article discusses intercultural competence in the context of
translator training. It looks a... more This article discusses intercultural competence in the context of translator training. It looks at the way this competence is incorpo- rated and defined in the overall translation competence models, moving on to introduce two models that focus on intercultural competence in particular and serve to operationalise the concept for pedagogical purposes. Making this competence more explicit in translator training is considered vital: in the light of results gained from a survey into the current pedagogical practice, trans- lator trainers’ and translation students’ understanding of the nat- ure and extent of (inter)cultural training do not match. This calls for re-evaluation of teaching practice, which, in turn, presupposes a detailed, comprehensive account of the various dimensions of intercultural competence a translator is to possess. This article discusses these dimensions and provides exemplary scenarios on how to address them in translator training.
Proceedings of the Maastricht Session of the 5th International Maastricht-Lódz Duo Colloquium on ”Translation and Meaning”, held in Maastricht 19.-22.5.2010., 2013
Expertise studies in the field of translation have yielded valuable information on typical novice... more Expertise studies in the field of translation have yielded valuable information on typical novice behavior in translation. From the teaching point of view, however, considering all students as novices appears to be poorly justified. While one student may show all prototypical tendencies of a novice translator, the other may translate in an almost professional manner. My PhD thesis aims at shedding light on different ways of learning translation. Its first phase focuses on describing different starting points, i.e. discovering what declarative and procedural knowledge of translation the students of translation possess at the beginning of their studies. In this article, the translation processes and products of four first-year students are presented and discussed with the aim of depicting their starting points with regard to translation-related competence.
This article discusses the various ways in which pauses have been operationalised in translation ... more This article discusses the various ways in which pauses have been operationalised in translation process research. The factors used to determine the significant pause length in various research settings will be reflected upon: different types of data yield different kinds of pauses, the lengths of which having been determined based on the aim and purpose of each study. In addition, different data collection methods provide different possibilities with regard to the exactness of pause length measurements. Hence, the significant pause length is a variable that must be determined and justified in each study to correspond to the research goals.
This Finnish language paper examines the term 'interference', its uses (or avoidance) and the lan... more This Finnish language paper examines the term 'interference', its uses (or avoidance) and the language ideologies related to it in the fields of contact linguistics, World Englishes research, second language acquisition research and translation studies.
Grano Oy Joensuu, 2016 Sarjan toimittaja: Maija Könönen Myynti: Itä-Suomen yliopiston kirjasto IS... more Grano Oy Joensuu, 2016 Sarjan toimittaja: Maija Könönen Myynti: Itä-Suomen yliopiston kirjasto ISBN: 978-952-61-2234-2 (nid.) ISSNL: 1798-5625 ISSN: 1798-5625 ISBN: 978-952-61-2235-9 (PDF) ISSN: 1798-5633 (PDF) v Kumpulainen, Minna Learning translation: an empirical study into the acquisition of interlingual text production skills Joensuu: University of Eastern Finland, 2016, 242 pages Publications of the University of Eastern Finland Dissertations in Education, Humanities, and Theology; 91 ISBN: 978-952-61-2234-2 (print.) ISSNL: 1798-5625 ISSN: 1798-5625 ISBN: 978-952-61-2235-9 (PDF) ISSN: 1798-5633 (PDF)
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Papers by Minna Kujamäki
translator training. It looks at the way this competence is incorpo-
rated and defined in the overall translation competence models,
moving on to introduce two models that focus on intercultural
competence in particular and serve to operationalise the concept
for pedagogical purposes. Making this competence more explicit
in translator training is considered vital: in the light of results
gained from a survey into the current pedagogical practice, trans-
lator trainers’ and translation students’ understanding of the nat-
ure and extent of (inter)cultural training do not match. This calls
for re-evaluation of teaching practice, which, in turn, presupposes
a detailed, comprehensive account of the various dimensions of
intercultural competence a translator is to possess. This article
discusses these dimensions and provides exemplary scenarios on
how to address them in translator training.
Books by Minna Kujamäki
translator training. It looks at the way this competence is incorpo-
rated and defined in the overall translation competence models,
moving on to introduce two models that focus on intercultural
competence in particular and serve to operationalise the concept
for pedagogical purposes. Making this competence more explicit
in translator training is considered vital: in the light of results
gained from a survey into the current pedagogical practice, trans-
lator trainers’ and translation students’ understanding of the nat-
ure and extent of (inter)cultural training do not match. This calls
for re-evaluation of teaching practice, which, in turn, presupposes
a detailed, comprehensive account of the various dimensions of
intercultural competence a translator is to possess. This article
discusses these dimensions and provides exemplary scenarios on
how to address them in translator training.