This review aimed to identify and synthesize empowering support for the family members of patient... more This review aimed to identify and synthesize empowering support for the family members of patients in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury hospital treatment. CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Medic databases were searched from 2010 to 2021. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Each article was critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisals Tools. Following a thematic analysis, four main themes were identified about the process of empowering traumatic brain injury patients’ family members in the acute phases of hospital care: (a) needs-based informational, (b) participatory, (c) competent and interprofessional, and (d) community support. This review of findings may be utilized in future studies focusing on designing, implementing, and evaluating an empowerment support model for the traumatic brain injury patient’s family members in the acute care hospitalization to strengthen the current knowledge and develop nursing practices.
Aims and objectives: This article examines the attitudes of Finnish home care registered nurses, ... more Aims and objectives: This article examines the attitudes of Finnish home care registered nurses, licenced vocational nurses, and other health and social care personnel towards the introduction and use of care robots in home care. Background: The significance of care robotics has been highlighted in recent years. However, personnel-related social psychological barriers to the introduction of care robots have been given very little study. Design: Cross sectional study conducted by questionnaire. The theoretical framework of the study is based on Ajzen's theory of planned behaviour and the research discussion about attitudes towards robots. Methods: The research data was collected in five municipalities in different parts of Finland in 2016, and the questionnaire was answered by a total of 200 home care workers. The research data was analysed using exploratory factor analysis, Pearson product-moment correlation, one-way analysis of variance, and linear regression analysis. Results: The results are consistent with Ajzen´s theory and previous studies on the acceptance of information systems in health care. Personnel behavioural intentions related to the introduction of robot applications in home care are influenced by their personal appreciation of the usefulness of robots, the expectations of their colleagues and supervisors, as well as by their own perceptions of their capacity to learn to use care robots. In particular, personnel emphasized the value of care robots in providing reminders and guidance, as well as promoting the safety of the elderly. Conclusions: The study shows that an intimate human-robot relationship can pose a challenge from the perspective of the acceptance of care robots. Relevance to clinical practice: From the perspective of the introduction of care robots in home care, personnel training and the construction of a positive working atmosphere play a key role. In addition, the introduction of robots requires further consideration of a number of ethical issues.
Study's rationale: The significance of care robotics has been highlighted in recent years. Aims a... more Study's rationale: The significance of care robotics has been highlighted in recent years. Aims and objective: The article examines the adoption of care robots in home care settings, and in particular Finnish home care personnel's attitudes towards robots. The study compares the importance of the Negative Attitudes towards Robots Scale advanced by Nomura and specific positive attitudes related to the usefulness of care robots for different tasks in the home care. Methodological design: A cross sectional study conducted by questionnaire. The research data were gathered from a survey of Finnish home care personnel (n=200). Research methods: Exploratory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis. Measures: The Negative Attitudes towards Robots Scale (NARS), by Nomura, with a specific behavioural intention scale based on Ajzen's theory of planned behaviour, and a measure of positive attitudes towards the usefulness of care robots for different tasks in home care and the promotion of independent living of older persons. Results: The study shows that NARS helps to explain psychological resistance related to the introduction of care robots, although the scale is susceptible to cultural differences. Care personnel's behavioural intentions related to the introduction of robot applications are influenced also by the perception of the usefulness of care robots. Study limitations: The study is based only on a Finnish sample, and the response rate of the study was relatively small (18.2%), which limits the generalizability of the results. Conclusions: The study shows that the examination of home care personnel's attitudes toward robots is not justified to focus only on one aspect, but a better explanation is achieved by combining the perspectives of societal attitudes, attitudes related to psychological reactions and the practical care and promotion of the independent living of older people.
International journal of nursing studies, Jan 22, 2015
To provide an overview of summative assessment of student nurses' practice currently in use. ... more To provide an overview of summative assessment of student nurses' practice currently in use. Narrative review and synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies. With the support of an information specialist, the data were collected from scientific databases which included CINAHL, PubMed, Medic, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane library and ERIC published from January 2000 to May 2014. Sources used in all of the included studies were also reviewed. 725 articles concerned with student nurse clinical practice assessment were identified. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 articles were selected for critical review. Findings suggest that the assessment process of student nurses' clinical practice lacks consistency. It is open to the subjective bias of the assessor, and the quality of assessment varies greatly. Student nurses' clinical assessment was divided into 3 themes: acts performed before final assessment, the actual final assessment situation and the acts after t...
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The purpose of this article is to describe the results of the Learning by developing project on w... more The purpose of this article is to describe the results of the Learning by developing project on wound care carried out by the University of Applied Sciences and the City. The City’s health care and social services have developed wound care by drawing up shared practice protocol e.g. for treating varicose ulcers. An operating model has also been drawn up of the division of responsibilities between primary health care and specialised medical care. Active wound care development work continues and the purpose of this development work is to prevent wounds, prevent wounds from becoming chronic, improve the effectiveness of treatment, speed up the healing process and improve patient safety. The aim is high-quality, systematic and uniform wound care in health care and social services. During the development activity, the number and quality of wounds in primary health care and care staff’s evaluations of their own skills in treating different types of wounds were investigated, and the workpl...
AIMS This paper analyses the factors that influence home care employees' intention to introdu... more AIMS This paper analyses the factors that influence home care employees' intention to introduce robots. BACKGROUND The introduction of different kinds of care robots is a topical issue in elderly care now and in the near future. METHODS Cross-sectional research conducted through a questionnaire. The survey data (N = 162) were collected in five locations around Finland in 2019. The analysis was carried out by regression analysis, Sobel test and by Hayes' bootstrapping method. RESULTS The results show that self-efficacy is pivotal in the willingness to introduce care robots. Employees' age increases the enthusiasm to introduce robots but reduces self-efficacy. Work engagement does not correlate with self-efficacy or behavioural intention related to the introduction of care robots. CONCLUSIONS The present paper reveals the significance of attitudes, cognitive factors and age in the adoption of care robots in home care facilities. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS It is important to pa...
Background: People with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitute a significant patient care popu... more Background: People with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitute a significant patient care population: every year almost 8 million brain injuries are diagnosed worldwide. Social support (informational, emotional and practical) has been identified as one of the essential factors that help TBI patients' families to cope with the severe situation. Aims: This paper reports on a study of how often nursing staff provide interventions of informational support and the level of competence needed by nursing staff working in all neurosurgical wards to support the families of TBI patients. Methods: The target group included all nursing staff (n=172) in all neurosurgical wards in Finland. Data was collected via a self-completion questionnaire in 2010. The participants were nurses (n=115; response rate 67%) working in the neurosurgical wards of all five Finnish university hospitals. The data were statistically analysed using SPSS version 19. Descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, MANOVA and linear regression were used. Results: Overall, the nurses often provided informational support to TBI patients' families. They often told them about treatment and about their own responsibilities to family members; by contrast, they seldom informed family members about prevention of secondary injuries. There was a connection between the age and work experience of the nursing staff and the provision of information about secondary injuries. Conclusions: Nurses with less work experience may have limited competence in delivering information to family members. This should be taken into consideration when planning the staffing of shifts, ensuring that there are always enough experienced nurses on duty.
This systematic literature review describes how adult traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients' fami... more This systematic literature review describes how adult traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients' family members received support. The research question was ''What in healthcare constitutes support for a TBI patient's family members?'' The data for this review were based on 22 empirical studies published in scientific journals in 2004Y2010, which were found in the Cinahl, PsychINFO, and ISI Web of Knowledge databases. The review includes the study design, sample, method, and main results. The data were analyzed using content analysis. Social support for brain injury patients' family members was divided into 3 main categories: informational, emotional, and practical support. The subcategories of informational support were information about the patient's symptoms, information about care, quality of information, and information about the prognosis. The subcategories of emotional support were taking emotions into account, caring, listening, and respecting. The subcategories of practical support were support in decision making, promoting the welfare of the family, encouraging family members to participate in care, cooperation with the family members, and counseling services. The results are available for nurses in practical work. The review offers nurses a structure for supporting TBI patients' families, and according to this review, supporting TBI patients' families appears to have many dimensions. The results suggest that nurses should be informed that it is important for family members to know the facts about TBI to understand the condition and to receive practical advice on how to help their significant other with TBI with daily activities. In addition, the results provide a basis for further research and development of interventions that support brain injury patients and their family members.
Aims and objectives. To examine nursing staff's perceptions about how often they provide interven... more Aims and objectives. To examine nursing staff's perceptions about how often they provide interventions of emotional support and the level of competence needed on neurosurgical wards to support traumatic brain injury patients' family members. Background. Traumatic brain injury in one individual affects the health of their whole family. Studying the emotional support provided by nursing staff is important because such support is crucial for the family members of a traumatic brain injury patient during the acute phase of treatment. Members of the nursing staff provide emotional support to family members by consoling them; this alleviates insecurity, anxiety, hopelessness and depression. Design. A structured self-reported questionnaire presented to 172 nurses working on neurosurgical wards. The response rate was 67% (n = 115). Methods. Descriptive statistics were used to determine how often nurses provided emotional support to the traumatic brain injury patients family members and one-way ANOVA to examine the relationships between the background variables and the respondents' evaluations of how often they gave emotional support to brain injury patients' family members. Results. Thirty-seven percentage of nurses stated that they always took account of family members' individuality and 65% that they were always respectful. All registered nurses and staff members with long work experience (21 years or more) on a neurosurgical ward reported that they took family members' feelings of anger and guilt into consideration slightly more often than other nursing staff did. Most nurses considered these skills to represent basic competencies. Conclusion. Further service training on dealing with difficult emotions of traumatic brain injury patients' family members could help nurses to face these situations. Both education and work experience affected the frequency at which nursing staff provided emotional support to traumatic brain injury patients' family members. Relevance to clinical practice. The results are relevant for example when planning specialised studies or in-service training for neuro-nurses, as well as when selecting the subjects to be addressed during the orientation of a new staff member. In addition, the results should help nursing staff to understand their role in the emotional support of family members.
Aim and objective. This systematic review describes mentoring of nursing students in clinical pla... more Aim and objective. This systematic review describes mentoring of nursing students in clinical placements. Background. Mentoring in nursing has been widely investigated, but mentoring among students has remained vague. There is no universal agreement on student mentoring in nursing placements; therefore, mentoring approaches vary. A unified description of student mentoring is needed to ensure the quality of placement learning in nursing organisations. Design. Systematic review. Method. The data were collected from nursing research articles over 20 years . The articles (n = 23) were analysed using inductive content analysis. Results. Mentoring of nursing students in clinical placements was described according to two themes: (1) facilitating nursing students' learning by creating supportive learning environments and enabling students' individual learning processes, (2) strengthening students' professionalism by empowering the development of their professional attributes and identities and enhancing attainment of students' professional competence in nursing.
This review aimed to identify and synthesize empowering support for the family members of patient... more This review aimed to identify and synthesize empowering support for the family members of patients in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury hospital treatment. CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Medic databases were searched from 2010 to 2021. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Each article was critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisals Tools. Following a thematic analysis, four main themes were identified about the process of empowering traumatic brain injury patients’ family members in the acute phases of hospital care: (a) needs-based informational, (b) participatory, (c) competent and interprofessional, and (d) community support. This review of findings may be utilized in future studies focusing on designing, implementing, and evaluating an empowerment support model for the traumatic brain injury patient’s family members in the acute care hospitalization to strengthen the current knowledge and develop nursing practices.
Aims and objectives: This article examines the attitudes of Finnish home care registered nurses, ... more Aims and objectives: This article examines the attitudes of Finnish home care registered nurses, licenced vocational nurses, and other health and social care personnel towards the introduction and use of care robots in home care. Background: The significance of care robotics has been highlighted in recent years. However, personnel-related social psychological barriers to the introduction of care robots have been given very little study. Design: Cross sectional study conducted by questionnaire. The theoretical framework of the study is based on Ajzen's theory of planned behaviour and the research discussion about attitudes towards robots. Methods: The research data was collected in five municipalities in different parts of Finland in 2016, and the questionnaire was answered by a total of 200 home care workers. The research data was analysed using exploratory factor analysis, Pearson product-moment correlation, one-way analysis of variance, and linear regression analysis. Results: The results are consistent with Ajzen´s theory and previous studies on the acceptance of information systems in health care. Personnel behavioural intentions related to the introduction of robot applications in home care are influenced by their personal appreciation of the usefulness of robots, the expectations of their colleagues and supervisors, as well as by their own perceptions of their capacity to learn to use care robots. In particular, personnel emphasized the value of care robots in providing reminders and guidance, as well as promoting the safety of the elderly. Conclusions: The study shows that an intimate human-robot relationship can pose a challenge from the perspective of the acceptance of care robots. Relevance to clinical practice: From the perspective of the introduction of care robots in home care, personnel training and the construction of a positive working atmosphere play a key role. In addition, the introduction of robots requires further consideration of a number of ethical issues.
Study's rationale: The significance of care robotics has been highlighted in recent years. Aims a... more Study's rationale: The significance of care robotics has been highlighted in recent years. Aims and objective: The article examines the adoption of care robots in home care settings, and in particular Finnish home care personnel's attitudes towards robots. The study compares the importance of the Negative Attitudes towards Robots Scale advanced by Nomura and specific positive attitudes related to the usefulness of care robots for different tasks in the home care. Methodological design: A cross sectional study conducted by questionnaire. The research data were gathered from a survey of Finnish home care personnel (n=200). Research methods: Exploratory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis. Measures: The Negative Attitudes towards Robots Scale (NARS), by Nomura, with a specific behavioural intention scale based on Ajzen's theory of planned behaviour, and a measure of positive attitudes towards the usefulness of care robots for different tasks in home care and the promotion of independent living of older persons. Results: The study shows that NARS helps to explain psychological resistance related to the introduction of care robots, although the scale is susceptible to cultural differences. Care personnel's behavioural intentions related to the introduction of robot applications are influenced also by the perception of the usefulness of care robots. Study limitations: The study is based only on a Finnish sample, and the response rate of the study was relatively small (18.2%), which limits the generalizability of the results. Conclusions: The study shows that the examination of home care personnel's attitudes toward robots is not justified to focus only on one aspect, but a better explanation is achieved by combining the perspectives of societal attitudes, attitudes related to psychological reactions and the practical care and promotion of the independent living of older people.
International journal of nursing studies, Jan 22, 2015
To provide an overview of summative assessment of student nurses' practice currently in use. ... more To provide an overview of summative assessment of student nurses' practice currently in use. Narrative review and synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies. With the support of an information specialist, the data were collected from scientific databases which included CINAHL, PubMed, Medic, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane library and ERIC published from January 2000 to May 2014. Sources used in all of the included studies were also reviewed. 725 articles concerned with student nurse clinical practice assessment were identified. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 articles were selected for critical review. Findings suggest that the assessment process of student nurses' clinical practice lacks consistency. It is open to the subjective bias of the assessor, and the quality of assessment varies greatly. Student nurses' clinical assessment was divided into 3 themes: acts performed before final assessment, the actual final assessment situation and the acts after t...
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The purpose of this article is to describe the results of the Learning by developing project on w... more The purpose of this article is to describe the results of the Learning by developing project on wound care carried out by the University of Applied Sciences and the City. The City’s health care and social services have developed wound care by drawing up shared practice protocol e.g. for treating varicose ulcers. An operating model has also been drawn up of the division of responsibilities between primary health care and specialised medical care. Active wound care development work continues and the purpose of this development work is to prevent wounds, prevent wounds from becoming chronic, improve the effectiveness of treatment, speed up the healing process and improve patient safety. The aim is high-quality, systematic and uniform wound care in health care and social services. During the development activity, the number and quality of wounds in primary health care and care staff’s evaluations of their own skills in treating different types of wounds were investigated, and the workpl...
AIMS This paper analyses the factors that influence home care employees' intention to introdu... more AIMS This paper analyses the factors that influence home care employees' intention to introduce robots. BACKGROUND The introduction of different kinds of care robots is a topical issue in elderly care now and in the near future. METHODS Cross-sectional research conducted through a questionnaire. The survey data (N = 162) were collected in five locations around Finland in 2019. The analysis was carried out by regression analysis, Sobel test and by Hayes' bootstrapping method. RESULTS The results show that self-efficacy is pivotal in the willingness to introduce care robots. Employees' age increases the enthusiasm to introduce robots but reduces self-efficacy. Work engagement does not correlate with self-efficacy or behavioural intention related to the introduction of care robots. CONCLUSIONS The present paper reveals the significance of attitudes, cognitive factors and age in the adoption of care robots in home care facilities. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS It is important to pa...
Background: People with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitute a significant patient care popu... more Background: People with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitute a significant patient care population: every year almost 8 million brain injuries are diagnosed worldwide. Social support (informational, emotional and practical) has been identified as one of the essential factors that help TBI patients' families to cope with the severe situation. Aims: This paper reports on a study of how often nursing staff provide interventions of informational support and the level of competence needed by nursing staff working in all neurosurgical wards to support the families of TBI patients. Methods: The target group included all nursing staff (n=172) in all neurosurgical wards in Finland. Data was collected via a self-completion questionnaire in 2010. The participants were nurses (n=115; response rate 67%) working in the neurosurgical wards of all five Finnish university hospitals. The data were statistically analysed using SPSS version 19. Descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, MANOVA and linear regression were used. Results: Overall, the nurses often provided informational support to TBI patients' families. They often told them about treatment and about their own responsibilities to family members; by contrast, they seldom informed family members about prevention of secondary injuries. There was a connection between the age and work experience of the nursing staff and the provision of information about secondary injuries. Conclusions: Nurses with less work experience may have limited competence in delivering information to family members. This should be taken into consideration when planning the staffing of shifts, ensuring that there are always enough experienced nurses on duty.
This systematic literature review describes how adult traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients' fami... more This systematic literature review describes how adult traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients' family members received support. The research question was ''What in healthcare constitutes support for a TBI patient's family members?'' The data for this review were based on 22 empirical studies published in scientific journals in 2004Y2010, which were found in the Cinahl, PsychINFO, and ISI Web of Knowledge databases. The review includes the study design, sample, method, and main results. The data were analyzed using content analysis. Social support for brain injury patients' family members was divided into 3 main categories: informational, emotional, and practical support. The subcategories of informational support were information about the patient's symptoms, information about care, quality of information, and information about the prognosis. The subcategories of emotional support were taking emotions into account, caring, listening, and respecting. The subcategories of practical support were support in decision making, promoting the welfare of the family, encouraging family members to participate in care, cooperation with the family members, and counseling services. The results are available for nurses in practical work. The review offers nurses a structure for supporting TBI patients' families, and according to this review, supporting TBI patients' families appears to have many dimensions. The results suggest that nurses should be informed that it is important for family members to know the facts about TBI to understand the condition and to receive practical advice on how to help their significant other with TBI with daily activities. In addition, the results provide a basis for further research and development of interventions that support brain injury patients and their family members.
Aims and objectives. To examine nursing staff's perceptions about how often they provide interven... more Aims and objectives. To examine nursing staff's perceptions about how often they provide interventions of emotional support and the level of competence needed on neurosurgical wards to support traumatic brain injury patients' family members. Background. Traumatic brain injury in one individual affects the health of their whole family. Studying the emotional support provided by nursing staff is important because such support is crucial for the family members of a traumatic brain injury patient during the acute phase of treatment. Members of the nursing staff provide emotional support to family members by consoling them; this alleviates insecurity, anxiety, hopelessness and depression. Design. A structured self-reported questionnaire presented to 172 nurses working on neurosurgical wards. The response rate was 67% (n = 115). Methods. Descriptive statistics were used to determine how often nurses provided emotional support to the traumatic brain injury patients family members and one-way ANOVA to examine the relationships between the background variables and the respondents' evaluations of how often they gave emotional support to brain injury patients' family members. Results. Thirty-seven percentage of nurses stated that they always took account of family members' individuality and 65% that they were always respectful. All registered nurses and staff members with long work experience (21 years or more) on a neurosurgical ward reported that they took family members' feelings of anger and guilt into consideration slightly more often than other nursing staff did. Most nurses considered these skills to represent basic competencies. Conclusion. Further service training on dealing with difficult emotions of traumatic brain injury patients' family members could help nurses to face these situations. Both education and work experience affected the frequency at which nursing staff provided emotional support to traumatic brain injury patients' family members. Relevance to clinical practice. The results are relevant for example when planning specialised studies or in-service training for neuro-nurses, as well as when selecting the subjects to be addressed during the orientation of a new staff member. In addition, the results should help nursing staff to understand their role in the emotional support of family members.
Aim and objective. This systematic review describes mentoring of nursing students in clinical pla... more Aim and objective. This systematic review describes mentoring of nursing students in clinical placements. Background. Mentoring in nursing has been widely investigated, but mentoring among students has remained vague. There is no universal agreement on student mentoring in nursing placements; therefore, mentoring approaches vary. A unified description of student mentoring is needed to ensure the quality of placement learning in nursing organisations. Design. Systematic review. Method. The data were collected from nursing research articles over 20 years . The articles (n = 23) were analysed using inductive content analysis. Results. Mentoring of nursing students in clinical placements was described according to two themes: (1) facilitating nursing students' learning by creating supportive learning environments and enabling students' individual learning processes, (2) strengthening students' professionalism by empowering the development of their professional attributes and identities and enhancing attainment of students' professional competence in nursing.
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