Biology

While previous studies have investigated the utility of Luminex technology in comparison to other standard techniques, there have been few studies directly comparing different bead-based assays. A key barrier to establishing Luminex technology in research or clinical laboratories is the apparent need to purchase not only encoded bead sets but also the Luminex instrument. However, as flow cytometry instrumentation continues to improve in sensitivity and in the number and diversity of detection parameters, a diverse range of bead-based assays is likely to emerge. Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping requires multiplexed analysis of 10-100 individual genotypes per sample, which is well suited to bead-based assays whilst technically challenging and costly for related technologies (e.g., qPCR). Here we performed an unbiased technical comparison between Luminex technology and our in-house 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (''MPS'') bead platform, which has been designed for integration with generic cytometry instruments. In genotyping 200 clinical samples, we compared the two bead assays against the gold standard Roche Line Blot (RLB) assay, and both performed well in receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. We also show instrument-based differences are a significant factor in comparing the methods, which needs to be considered in future comparative studies. These multi-platform analyses are important in establishing the validity of new methods, as well as highlighting specific advantages and disadvantages of the assays for specific applications. ' 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry Key terms multiplexed bead arrays; flow cytometry; human papillomavirus; genotyping BEAD-based assays are emerging in semi-quantitative and mutiplexable format, with a myriad of potential applications in molecular diagnostics. Increased reaction kinetics and three-dimensional mass diffusion combined with the analytical power of particle-by-particle flow cytometry analysis has driven the development of multiplexed bead assay (MBA) equivalents of traditional ELISA, DNA hybridization, PCR, and even ChIP assays (1-8). Whilst there have been numerous comparisons between Luminex MBA technology and relevant solution-phase techniques (ELISA, microarray, qPCR), there have not, to our knowledge, been any comparisons drawn with other bead-based flow cytometric techniques.

Background: A characteristic feature of atherosclerosis is its diffuse involvement of arteries across the entire human body. Bone marrow cells (BMC) can be simultaneously transferred with therapeutic genes and magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents prior to their transplantation. Via systemic transplantation, these dual-transferred BMCs can circulate through the entire body and thus function as vehicles to carry genes/contrast agents to multiple atherosclerosis. This study was to evaluate the feasibility of using in vivo MR imaging (MRI) to monitor BMC-mediated interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene therapy of atherosclerosis.

Background: This study was to validate the feasibility of using clinical 3.0T MRI to monitor the migration of autotransplanted bone marrow (BM)-derived stem-progenitor cells (SPC) to the injured arteries of near-human sized swine for potential cell-based arterial repair.

This presentation will give attendees a better understanding of the role of microbial ecology that drives the rate and biological dynamics of decomposing remains during different seasons and between years. Attendees will also be introduced to a growing knowledge foundation on how this information can be used to better understand and predict the stages of carcass decomposition, with direct application to estimates of a minimum post-mortem interval (mPMI) using microbial communities. Attendees will learn how changes in the metabolic use of different carbon sources by the microbial community during decomposition succession can be utilized to estimate the stages of decomposition. This novel approach will impact the forensic sciences community by providing an introduction to the potential use microbial communities in crime scene investigations.

The focus of my research revolved around the intersection between the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway and the Src oncogenic pathway. Both pathways control tissue and organ size during development by regulating cell proliferation, cell death, cell migration, and cell adhesion. Aberrant functions in either pathway are often detected in P a g e | 2

The Hippo signaling pathway is involved in regulating tissue size by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Aberrant Hippo pathway function is often detected in human cancers and correlates with poor prognosis. The Drosophila C-terminal Src kinase (d-Csk) is a genetic modifier of warts (wts), a tumor-suppressor gene in the Hippo pathway, and interacts with the Src oncogene. Reduction in d-Csk expression and the consequent activation of Src are frequently seen in several cancers including hepatocellular and colorectal tumors. Previous studies show that d-Csk regulates cell proliferation and tissue size during development. Given the similarity in the loss-of-function phenotypes of d-Csk and wts, we have investigated the interactions of d-Csk with the Hippo pathway. Here we present multiple lines of evidence suggesting that d-Csk regulates growth via the Hippo signaling pathway. We show that loss of dCsk caused increased Yki activity, and our genetic epistasis places dCsk downstream of Dachs. Furthermore, dCsk requires Yki for its growth regulatory functions, suggesting that dCsk is another upstream member of the network of genes that interact to regulate Wts and its effector Yki in the Hippo signaling pathway.

In the twenty-first century, we have seen a sharp rise in the number of LGBTQ individuals who are open about their identity and their experience (Jones, 2018). This is due to a number of factors, including increased awareness and acceptance, as well as improved laws protecting LGBTQ individuals from discrimination (Witek, 2014). In 2021, however, we have seen a vast uptick in the number of anti-LGBTQ and discriminatory laws being pushed across the country, which takes its toll on mental health for folks in the LGBTQ community (Horne et al., 2021). This is, in part, a reaction to the progress and increased lived equality that people in the LGBTQ community experience in many ways today, and bigots trying to retain their sense of power as all signs point to the loss of that power, as well as rural resentment (Boso, 2019). This, on top of the detrimental mental health effects of the pandemic, which disproportionately impact the LGBTQ population (Moore et al., 2021), points to the critical need to find ways to support and care for those in need of health care in an empathetic manner. We know that the correct use of pronouns and referring to trans people accurately is one way to show the respect that all people deserve. This, and other measures to treat LGBTQ people, especially trans people, as full members of societies and not enact microaggressions on them is not only the right thing to do ethically, but also reduces suicides (Kia et al., 2021). A bio-essentialist paradigm which states that the physical body sets limits on the cultural and social influence on a person (DeLamater and Hyde, 1998) is often used as a de facto defense of anti-trans language, even if it is not explicitly invoked (Wilton et al., 2019). Within the sciences, this has been used to assert that the sex and gender are two different things and that sex is somehow the reality, even for transgender individuals (Haig, 2004). In this context, gender is described as a social construct and sex a physical construct (Diamond, 2002), ignoring the facts that 1) it is humans who have decided what constitutes sex in the

Using a review of internationally informed literature, United States policy, and teaching stories, this article frames the nuances of teacher education for positive advocacy for young children and their families who are in sexual or gender minority groups. The article discusses the use of biological knowledge(s) and fuller understandings of sexuality versus gender, as fluid, but not equal, constructs. We include the current challenges for full inclusion as well as anti-bias responses, rather than bully prevention, to support lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT+) young children and/or their families. When the classroom includes those students who are questioning their gender, or who are performing gender-ambiguous or gender-nonconforming behaviors (+), parents often turn to teachers for support. Our paper explores current advocacy skills that teachers need in order to support children and their families reach their fullest potential(s).

In the twenty-first century, we have seen a sharp rise in the number of LGBTQ individuals who are open about their identity and their experience (Jones, 2018). This is due to a number of factors, including increased awareness and acceptance, as well as improved laws protecting LGBTQ individuals from discrimination (Witek, 2014). In 2021, however, we have seen a vast uptick in the number of anti-LGBTQ and discriminatory laws being pushed across the country, which takes its toll on mental health for folks in the LGBTQ community (Horne et al., 2021). This is, in part, a reaction to the progress and increased lived equality that people in the LGBTQ community experience in many ways today, and bigots trying to retain their sense of power as all signs point to the loss of that power, as well as rural resentment (Boso, 2019). This, on top of the detrimental mental health effects of the pandemic, which disproportionately impact the LGBTQ population (Moore et al., 2021), points to the critical need to find ways to support and care for those in need of health care in an empathetic manner. We know that the correct use of pronouns and referring to trans people accurately is one way to show the respect that all people deserve. This, and other measures to treat LGBTQ people, especially trans people, as full members of societies and not enact microaggressions on them is not only the right thing to do ethically, but also reduces suicides (Kia et al., 2021). A bio-essentialist paradigm which states that the physical body sets limits on the cultural and social influence on a person (DeLamater and Hyde, 1998) is often used as a de facto defense of anti-trans language, even if it is not explicitly invoked (Wilton et al., 2019). Within the sciences, this has been used to assert that the sex and gender are two different things and that sex is somehow the reality, even for transgender individuals (Haig, 2004). In this context, gender is described as a social construct and sex a physical construct (Diamond, 2002), ignoring the facts that 1) it is humans who have decided what constitutes sex in the