Books by Fernanda Neubauer
Springer, 2024
The book is the first-ever manual for the study of fire-cracked rock (FCR), one of the most ubiqu... more The book is the first-ever manual for the study of fire-cracked rock (FCR), one of the most ubiquitous yet understudied classes of artifacts worldwide. The book is part of Springer’s series Manuals in Archaeological Method, Theory and Technique and focuses on the ways practicing archaeologists can infer function from their FCR collections, spanning from paleoanthropology and the early adoption of fire through to present archaeology.
The book provides a history and background of fire-cracked rock and leads the reader through the entire process of identifying, categorizing, and analyzing FCR and related features, from the first steps through to interpretations of function, use alteration, fracturing patterns, experimentation, ethnographic/ethnohistoric uses, and so forth. In addition to exploring the fundamentals of FCR analysis, the book also covers new and cutting-edge techniques.
It targets a wide global audience and serves as a laboratory and field guide for students and professionals, packed with illustrations and photographs in order to familiarize readers with the identification and analysis process while also providing a theoretical and methodological guide for advanced academic and cultural resource management research.
Papers by Fernanda Neubauer
American Antiquity, 2018
Although it is now commonplace for archaeologists to study use-alteration patterns on ceramics, t... more Although it is now commonplace for archaeologists to study use-alteration patterns on ceramics, the same cannot be said of one of the most ubiquitous classes of hunter-gatherer artifacts, fire-cracked rocks (FCR). It can be shown, however, that many of the same methods and theories applied to the study of cooking ceramics are also relevant to the investigation of rocks used as heating elements. Because use alteration analyses of FCR are so scarce, I describe a range of attributes with the goal of helping researchers identify use alterations (e.g., sooting, reddening, various fracturing patterns) on lithic artifacts from sites worldwide and evaluate their potential function in various cultural practices. These attributes are also outlined in order to create a standardized terminology for describing FCR use-alteration patterns. I discuss my analysis of FCR from three Late Archaic sites (Duck Lake, 913, and 914) on Grand Island in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, followed by an interpretation of their cooking contexts, as a case study. The results indicate great intersite variability among FCR characteristics, cooking methods, and cooking facilities (earth oven, stone boiling, and rock griddle). This use alteration analysis can be applied in archaeological contexts worldwide where similar materials are recovered.
Revista de Arqueologia (Journal of the Society for Brazilian Archaeology; Thematic Issue: Archaeology of Childhood), 2018
This paper discusses how archaeologists can potentially identify the presence of children in the ... more This paper discusses how archaeologists can potentially identify the presence of children in the archaeological record through the study of finished lithic products. As a case study, I use Adelar Pilger (RS-C-61), a hunter-gatherer rockshelter habitation site in southern Brazil dated to approximately 8500 BP. By linking decisions related to raw material selection with the aesthetic and technological properties of projectile points, I have identified three types of points potentially made by experts, advanced apprentices, and children and/or initial apprentices. I suggest that children at the Adelar Pilger site were producing points as a form of play imitation. Children were able to roughly imitate formal shapes but could not properly reproduce the tools in a three dimensional or technological sense.
Habitus (Thematic Issue: Archaeology of Violence and Warfare), 2021
The Tupinambá were sedentary agriculturalists inhabiting the Eastern Coast of Brazil. Sixteenth-c... more The Tupinambá were sedentary agriculturalists inhabiting the Eastern Coast of Brazil. Sixteenth-century European explorer accounts offer rich details of Tupinambá life and warfare practices, suggesting the presence of a highly organized violence and warfare system embedded in their daily practices, animistic and cosmological beliefs, celebrations, cannibalism, and in their ideals of honor, prestige, and revenge. Building on ethnohistoric information, this article discusses the potential to further understanding of Tupinambá warfare practices through study of material culture signatures. Because archaeological studies on Tupinambá warfare are sparse, we attempt to correlate the ethnohistoric information with the types of objects and features archaeologists could reasonably expect to recover, should the accounts be accurate and the materials preserved. We argue that by using such analogies as a starting point, future researchers will be able to better test their hypotheses against the archaeological record in efforts to augment knowledge about Tupinambá lifeways.
Keywords: Tupinambá, Violence, Warfare practices, Ethnohistory, Archaeology.
Revista Habitus - Revista do Instituto Goiano de Pré-História e Antropologia, 2022
Resumo: os Tupinambá eram agricultores sedentários que habitavam a costa leste do Brasil. Fontes ... more Resumo: os Tupinambá eram agricultores sedentários que habitavam a costa leste do Brasil. Fontes de exploradores europeus do século XVI oferecem ricos detalhes sobre a vida e práticas de guerra dos Tupinambá, sugerindo a presença de uma violência altamente organizada e um sistema de guerra incumbido em suas práticas diárias, crenças cosmológicas e animísticas, celebrações, canibalismo, e em seus ideais de honra, prestígio e vingança. Utilizando-se da informação etnohistórica, este artigo discute o potencial para a compreensão das práticas de guerra Tupinambá através do estudo da cultura material relacionada a tais atividades. Visto que os estudos arqueológicos sobre a guerra Tupinambá são pouco frequentes, intentamos correlacionar a informação etnohistórica com os tipos de objetos e estruturas que arqueólogxs podem razoavelmente esperar recuperar, caso as fontes sejam precisas e os materiais preservados. Argumenta-se que, ao usar tal analogia como um ponto de partida, futuros pesquisadorxs serão capazes de melhor testar suas hipóteses contra o registro arqueológico, como um esforço para adquirir maior conhecimento sobre o estilo de vida dos Tupinambá.
The Wisconsin Archeologist (Thomas Pleger Memorial Issue), 2018
This paper investigates seasonal mobility practices on Grand Island on Michigan's Upper Peninsula... more This paper investigates seasonal mobility practices on Grand Island on Michigan's Upper Peninsula during the Late Archaic period (c. 5000–2000 B.P.). Evidence for seasonality and food production are drawn from lithic, faunal, and floral data, as well as lipid residue analysis. Comparisons are made with seasonal mobility models for the Late Archaic occupants of the Saginaw Valley, the Terminal Woodland peoples of the Mackinac phase (c. A.D. 750–1000), and the Ojibwa of the subsequent Historic period (c. A.D. 1600s–1900s) living in the Mackinac region. These models propose that people aggregated seasonally during the fall to process foods communally on a relatively large scale, in order to produce food surpluses for winter consumption. I have identified archaeological signatures for the Grand Island sites that are argued to have resulted from fall seasonal aggregation, indicating that food gathering, hunting , fishing, and their subsequent laborious processing and cooking were recurring socioeconomic activities. Therefore, I suggest that Grand Island represented an important place on the landscape for the Late Archaic peoples who repeatedly utilized the island for these fall social and food-processing aggregations. Other seasons were characterized by the dispersal of smaller groups throughout the landscape.
Revista de Arqueologia (Journal of the Society of Brazilian Archaeology; Thematic Issue: Feminist Critique and Archaeology), 2017
We discuss the important role of the feminist critique in bringing awareness to gender, childhood... more We discuss the important role of the feminist critique in bringing awareness to gender, childhood, and identity research, and in giving voice to the perspectives of underrepresented groups. As a case study of ancient social lives and gender, we discuss a range of Marajoara identity markers interpreted through the study of ceramic tangas (female pubic coverings) from Marajó Island in the Brazilian Amazon (A.D. 400-1400). There, tangas were made and used by women as a material representation of social position, gender, and individual identity. We argue that identity constitutes a fundamentally important aspect of archaeological research, and that the strongest case studies in identity are those that encompass a variety of gendered inferences to understand social lives of the past.
Cazadores Recolectores del Cono Sur: Revista de Arqueología, 2010
Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados das escavações e do estudo da coleção lítica do sítio de ... more Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados das escavações e do estudo da coleção lítica do sítio de caçadores coletores RS-C-61: Adelar Pilger, pesquisado no âmbito do Projeto Arqueológico do Vale do Rio Caí (PACA), Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). Com datações entre 3.000 e 8.400 anos AP a coleção lítica caracteriza-se por padrões de descarte primário, associado à periferia de estruturas de fogueiras formadas a partir de vários episódios de reutilização. A análise da organização tecnológica priorizou aspectos da seleção das matérias primas e das seqüências de produção empregadas, identificando estratégias caracterizadas por uma alta regularidade em termos sincrônicos e diacrônicos, a semelhança de outros contextos contemporâneos associados à Tradição Umbu estudados em áreas adjacentes.
Journal of Anthropology, 2014
In the last ten years, new fossil, archaeological, and genetic data have significantly altered ou... more In the last ten years, new fossil, archaeological, and genetic data have significantly altered our understanding of the peopling of the Old World in the Late Pleistocene. Scholars have long been challenged to define humanity’s place in evolution and to trace our phylogeny. Differences in the skeletal morphology of hominin fossils have often led to the naming of distinct new species, but recent genetic findings have challenged the traditional perspective by demonstrating that modern human DNA contains genes inherited from Neanderthals and Denisovans, thus questioning their status as separate species. The recent discovery of Homo floresiensis from Flores Island has also raised interesting queries about how much genetic and morphological diversity was present during the Late Pleistocene. This paper discusses the nature and implications of the evidence with respect to Homo floresiensis, Neanderthals, and Denisovans and briefly reviews major Late Pleistocene discoveries from the last ten years of research in the Old World and their significance to the study of human evolution.
Cadernos do LEPAARQ, 2019
Nos últimos dez anos, novos dados fósseis, arqueológicos e genéticos alteraram significativamente... more Nos últimos dez anos, novos dados fósseis, arqueológicos e genéticos alteraram significativamente nossa compreensão sobre o povoamento do Velho Mundo no Pleistoceno Superior. Os pesquisadores muito têm sido desafiados a definir o lugar da humanidade na evolução e a rastrear nossa filogenia. Diferenças na morfologia esquelética de fósseis de hominídeos muitas vezes levaram à nomeação de novas espécies distintas, mas descobertas genéticas recentes desafiaram a perspectiva tradicional, demonstrando que o DNA humano moderno contém genes herdados dos Neandertais e Denisovans, questionando assim seu status como uma espécie separada. A recente descoberta do Homo floresiensis da Ilha de Flores também levantou questões interessantes sobre a quantidade de diversidade genética e morfológica que estava presente durante o Pleistoceno Superior. Este artigo discute a natureza e as implicações da evidência em relação ao Homo floresiensis, Neandertais e Denisovans, e analisa brevemente as principais descobertas do Pleistoceno Superior nos últimos dez anos de pesquisa no Velho Mundo e sua importância para o estudo da evolução humana.
The Wisconsin Archeologist, 2019
Neubauer, F., J. Skibo, and E. Drake. Proceedings of the XV Congresso Nacional da Sociedade de Arqueologia Brasileira, 2009 Sept. 20-23, Belém, Brazil, v.1, p.44-62., 2010
Fernanda Neubauer James M. Skibo Eric Drake Neste trabalho apresentaremos os resultados da anális... more Fernanda Neubauer James M. Skibo Eric Drake Neste trabalho apresentaremos os resultados da análise dos 9.800 artefatos líticos recuperados no sítio Popper, localizado em Grand Island (MI, E.U.A.) e datado de 4.260 A.P. Privilegiou-se o estudo da tecnologia empregada na manufatura de diferentes artefatos, conforme a matéria-prima selecionada: quartzito, quartzo e chert. A principal meta da análise foi a compreensão das pessoas que usaram e produziram estes instrumentos. A grande densidade de materiais encontrados em diferentes níveis estratigráficos, sugere que estes grupos caçadores-coletores ocuparam constantemente Grand Island, provavelmente sazonalmente. Alguns materiais recuperados nesta escavação, como as pontas de projétil de chert e fragmentos de cobre não locais, indicam que os habitantes deste período Arcaico Tardio participavam de uma rede de trocas de materiais exóticos na região dos Grandes Lagos. Em adição a isso, os restos faunísticos trouxeram importantes informações sobre os padrões de subsistência destes grupos que habitavam a ilha. This paper presents the results of an analysis of 9,800 lithic artifacts from the Popper Site, located in Grand Island, Michigan, dated to 4,260 B.P. The focus of the analysis was upon the technology employed in the manufacture of different artifacts, according to the raw material selection of: quartzite, quartz, and chert. The larger goal was to better understand the people that used and produced these tools. The great density of materials encountered at different stratigraphic levels suggests that hunter-gatherer groups consistently occupied Grand Island, probably seasonally. Materials such as chert projectile points and non-local copper, indicate that the Late Archaic people participated in a trade network of exotic materials in the Great Lakes region. In addition to the lithics, faunal remains provide important information about the subsistence patterns of the ancient groups.
Arqueologia no Sul do Brasil [Archaeology of Southern Brazil], 2011
In: Arqueologia no sul do Brasil [Archaeology of southern Brazil], edited by A. H. Barcelos, J. B... more In: Arqueologia no sul do Brasil [Archaeology of southern Brazil], edited by A. H. Barcelos, J. Bitencourt, and C. I. Parellada, organized by the Southern Chapter of the Society of Brazilian Archaeology (SAB/SUL), Ed. UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil, pp. 85-100.
v. 31 n. 2, 2018
Este artigo discute como as arqueólogas e arqueólogos podem potencialmente identificar a presença... more Este artigo discute como as arqueólogas e arqueólogos podem potencialmente identificar a presença de crianças no registro arqueológico através do estudo de produtos líticos acabados. Como um estudo de caso, eu uso Adelar Pilger (RS-C-61), um sítio em abrigo-sob-rocha habitado por caçadores-coletores no sul do Brasil e datado de aproximadamente 8500 AP. Ao relacionar as decisões associadas à seleção de matéria-prima com as propriedades estéticas e tecnológicas de pontas do projétil, eu identifiquei três tipos de pontas potencialmente produzidas por especialistas, aprendizes avançados e crianças e/ou aprendizes iniciais. Eu sugiro que as crianças no sítio Adelar Pilger produziram pontas de projétil como uma forma de brincadeira de imitação. Através desta brincadeira, as crianças foram capazes de imitar grosseiramente somente as formas e o contorno geral das pontas do projétil, mas não foram capazes de reproduzir estes instrumentos em um sentido tridimensional ou tecnológico.
The Wisconsin Archeologist, 2015
The Wisconsin Archeologist, 2014
Pfaffenroth, J., F. Neubauer, S. Tate, and H. Walder. Archaeology around Wisconsin: University of... more Pfaffenroth, J., F. Neubauer, S. Tate, and H. Walder. Archaeology around Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin-Madison. The Wisconsin Archeologist, v. 95, n. 1, pp. 132-135.
The Wisconsin Archeologist, 2013
Walder, H., J. Pfaffenroth, F. Neubauer, and S. Tate. The Wisconsin Archeologist, v.94, n. 1 & 2... more Walder, H., J. Pfaffenroth, F. Neubauer, and S. Tate. The Wisconsin Archeologist, v.94, n. 1 & 2, pp. 278-279.
TCC (Senior thesis), Department of History, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, 2010
TCC (Senior thesis), Department of History, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, 2009
PhD Dissertation by Fernanda Neubauer
Revista de Arqueologia (Journal of the Society of Brazilian Archaeology), 2017
Neubauer, F. Revista de Arqueologia, v. 30, n. 1, pp. 260-262, 2017. (Journal of the Society of B... more Neubauer, F. Revista de Arqueologia, v. 30, n. 1, pp. 260-262, 2017. (Journal of the Society of Brazilian Archaeology)
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Books by Fernanda Neubauer
The book provides a history and background of fire-cracked rock and leads the reader through the entire process of identifying, categorizing, and analyzing FCR and related features, from the first steps through to interpretations of function, use alteration, fracturing patterns, experimentation, ethnographic/ethnohistoric uses, and so forth. In addition to exploring the fundamentals of FCR analysis, the book also covers new and cutting-edge techniques.
It targets a wide global audience and serves as a laboratory and field guide for students and professionals, packed with illustrations and photographs in order to familiarize readers with the identification and analysis process while also providing a theoretical and methodological guide for advanced academic and cultural resource management research.
Papers by Fernanda Neubauer
Keywords: Tupinambá, Violence, Warfare practices, Ethnohistory, Archaeology.
PhD Dissertation by Fernanda Neubauer
The book provides a history and background of fire-cracked rock and leads the reader through the entire process of identifying, categorizing, and analyzing FCR and related features, from the first steps through to interpretations of function, use alteration, fracturing patterns, experimentation, ethnographic/ethnohistoric uses, and so forth. In addition to exploring the fundamentals of FCR analysis, the book also covers new and cutting-edge techniques.
It targets a wide global audience and serves as a laboratory and field guide for students and professionals, packed with illustrations and photographs in order to familiarize readers with the identification and analysis process while also providing a theoretical and methodological guide for advanced academic and cultural resource management research.
Keywords: Tupinambá, Violence, Warfare practices, Ethnohistory, Archaeology.
Publicado em português (p. 159-161) e inglês (p. 161-162).
We will also explore approaches to diversifying archaeology, including black, feminist, queer, and indigenous archaeologies. We will examine how the discipline has integrated recent social movements (e.g., #MeToo and Black Lives Matter) with the goal of bringing a greater awareness of inclusivity and ethically committed practices. By the end of the course, students will be capable of critically reflecting upon socially engaged perspectives and on how to conduct archaeology within a decolonizing framework.