Papers by JONATHAN EDWARDS
We studied the expression of hyaluronan binding proteins (HABPs) during the development of embryo... more We studied the expression of hyaluronan binding proteins (HABPs) during the development of embryonic chick joints, using immunocytochemistry and biotinylated HA. The expression of actin capping proteins and of actin itself was also studied because the cytoskeleton is important in controlling HA-HABP interactions. Three cell surface HABPs were localized in the epiphyseal cartilage, articular fibrocartilage, and interzone that comprise the developing joint. Of these three HABPs, CD44 was associated with the articular fibrocartilages and interzone, whereas RHAMM and the IVd4 epitope were associated with all three tissues. Biotinylated HA was localized to interzone and articular fibrocartilages before cavity formation and within epiphyseal chondrocytes post cavitation. Actin filament bundles were observed at the developing joint line, as was the expression of the actin capping protein moesin. Manipulation of joint cavity development, using oligosaccharides of HA, disrupted joint formation and was associated with decreases in CD44 and actin filament expression as well as decreased hyaluronan synthetic capability. These results suggest that HA is actively bound by CD44 at the developing joint line and that HA-HABP interactions play a major role in the initial separation events occurring during joint formation.
Measurement of synovial lining volume by magnetic resonance imaging of the knee in
The Rheumatoid in Society
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis is difficult to define. Judging by the experience of gener... more The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis is difficult to define. Judging by the experience of general practitioners, at any one time approximately 0.5% of the population in the UK have widespread synovitis of sufficient severity to ask for medical advice. More than twice as many will develop disease during their life. Epidemiological studies have put the prevalence between 0.3% and 1.5%, (Wolfe 1968) but the disease may not be clinically significant in all cases. In other developed countries the prevalence is similar. Prevalence was found to be lower in rural than urban South African communities and may relate to living conditions (Solomon et al. 1975). There is a suggestion that the incidence has been falling recently (Linos et al. 1986). Seventy per cent of cases are female.
General Considerations
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
The Knee
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
The Link with Medical Management
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
The care of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis involves: 1. Life-long psychological support 2.... more The care of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis involves: 1. Life-long psychological support 2. Prevention or postponement of disability 3. Treatment of immediate problems.
Arthrodesis
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
Osteotomy
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
The Ankle and Foot
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
Walking difficulties are a serious cause for concern to the rheumatoid patient and the lower limb... more Walking difficulties are a serious cause for concern to the rheumatoid patient and the lower limbs are a major source of pain. There is more attention devoted to problems affecting the hip and knee than those of the ankle and foot. A survey of 100 consecutive rheumatoid patients presenting with walking difficulties showed the following distribution of joints responsible: the hip 2%, the knee 53%, the ankle and hindfoot 20% and the forefoot 25%. The ankle and foot were the source of almost half the walking problems in these patients.
The Spine
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
Perioperative Care
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
Selection
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
The Elbow
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
Arthroplasty
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
Synovectomy
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
The Hand
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
The Shoulder
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
Arthritis & Rheumatism, 1994
To assess the effect of intraarticular (IA) corticosteroid on hyaluronan (HA) concentrations in s... more To assess the effect of intraarticular (IA) corticosteroid on hyaluronan (HA) concentrations in synovial fluid (SF) and serum and the clearance of '311-labeled albumin from the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods. SF and serum were collected before and 2 weeks and 2 months after IA steroid injection. The HA concentration was assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and '3'I-albumin clearance from joints was assessed using an external gamma counter. Results. In RA patients, HA concentrations in the SF were increased following IA steroids, while the serum concentrations were decreased. In OA patients, HA concentrations in SF tended to increase initially (decreasing thereafter), and were associated with increased HA concentrations in serum. There were less marked alterations in the AS patients. Albumin clearance rates were decreased significantly (2 weeks postinjection) only in the RA patients. Estimated HA flux revealed discrepancies between the HA concentration and the rate of flux in RA and AS patients. Conclusions. These findings suggest that IA steroid injection is associated with a restoration in the Supported by the Arthritis and Rheumatism Council of Great Britain.
Aetiology and Pathology
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
Rheumatoid arthritis can be defined as a chronic inflammation of many synovial structures which i... more Rheumatoid arthritis can be defined as a chronic inflammation of many synovial structures which is not explained by the presence of bacteria, crystals, bony or cartilage irregularities or other stimuli that might be present. It is an unexplained chronic widespread synovitis. There is a general belief, increasingly supported by immunogenetic evidence, that rheumatoid arthritis differs both in its cause and its mechanism from other forms of inflammatory arthritis, such as psoriatic arthritis and Reiter’s syndrome which also present with unexplained synovitis. The hallmarks of the rheumatoid process are a wide-spread symmetrical involvement, bone erosions, serum rheumatoid factor and subcutaneous nodules. Not all patients have all four features. This probably indicates that rheumatoid arthritis is not one disease but a number of different, closely related diseases. Nevertheless at the present time it is practical to consider these under a single disease heading.
The Hip
Surgical Repair and Reconstruction in Rheumatoid Disease, 1993
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Papers by JONATHAN EDWARDS