Facultad de Ciencias Económicas

Resumen. Es frecuente la pérdida de tiempo de los conductores y los embotellamientos de tráfico en las ciudades, por una configuración no óptima de los semáforos. Diversos dominios han intentado comprender el fenómeno e identificar las causas en pos de obtener una solución apropiada. El presente trabajo introduce un algoritmo cuyo fin es reducir el tiempo de espera de los conductores en una intersección. Para lo cual, la validación fue llevada a cabo en tres escenarios posibles, definidos por medio de la variación de la frecuencia de los autos. El entorno de simulación se implementó en NetLogo, lo que permitió estudiar el impacto del cambio de luces a través de la simulación de semáforos de tiempos fijos vs semáforos con control inteligente mediante agentes. Hemos obtenido una reducción máxima del 45% en el tiempo de espera. Finalmente, presentaremos las conclusiones y el trabajo futuro.

-Se considera que los profesionales en Ciencias Económicas ejercen la profesión cuando realizan dictámenes, pericias, presupuestos, informes, etc. sobre las áreas que son de su competencia y requieran de alguna manera aplicar los conocimientos de las actividades que sometan a su consideración. -Las áreas de actuaciones del profesional en Ciencias Económicas son: La Docencia, La actuación en la justicia como perito o síndico, en relación de dependencia, en el ámbito publico o privado y en forma independiente como síndico, contador, auditor, asesor o asesor impositivo.

Riesgo es “Toda aquella probabilidad de ocurrencia que algún evento negativo pudiese afectar de forma adversa el logro de los objetivos de una organización”. Los riesgos se analizan considerando su impacto y probabilidad de ocurrencia como base para determinar cómo deben ser gestionados y se evalúan desde una doble perspectiva, inherente y residual.

During the last months, a singular debate has taken place in the United States on the views of the entrepreneur Peter Thiel, co-founder of PayPal and investor in innovative industries of Silicon Valley, who supports the thesis that, after dot-com., housing and financial bubbles, the next bubble to pop would be the one of higher education. According to Thiel, the gaps between the high cost of education and low employment levels of graduates and that between the huge investment in research and poor concrete results in innovations and discoveries useful to the economy would eventually lead students' families, businesses and governments to withdraw much of their financial support from the American university system, which could eventually cause a contagion effect throughout the world. In fact, to support with a leading case his controversial thesis, Thiel himself offered in May of this year twenty scholarships of $ 100,000 for twenty students under twenty who were willing to leave t...

In the first place I want to thank the Acton Institute and especially its president, Father Robert Sirico, for the great honor of receiving this prestigious award named after one of the most distinguished minds of our times as is Professor Michael Novak and made possible by the generosity of Mr. Joe Calihan. I also want to dedicate this award to my wife, present here this evening, and to the holy memory of Beatus Antonio Rosmini who inspired much of my work and to whom I will mainly refer in the following lecture moved by the conviction that he can help us to gain a broader vision for our current situation.

The author presents two approaches to interpret gift-relations in market environments proposed in the Encyclical. On the one hand, he explains the assumptions of “social objectivism” such as the equivalence principle, non-tuism, predictability and opacity, supported by neoclassicals, structuralists and deconstructionists. On the other hand, the article also presents arguments for a “creationist-personalist” approach to the gift, supported by personalist philosophers and by contemporary economists, based on openness to the other, free agency and relationality.

In the Buddenbrooks (1901), the first great novel of Thomas Mann, are contained in nuce –as it is argued by Claudio Magris- almost all the works and characters of the great German writer. In the Lübeck’s family home have been "raised" Hans Castorp of The Magic Mountain, Adrian Leverkühn of Doktor Faust, Félix Krull of The Confessions of Felix Krull, and, of course, Thomas Mann himself as a real-life character. They all seem to be analogous figures of Mann’s permanent obsession to reflect, through the language of literature, the tragic process of the rise and fall of the bourgeois leadership. But in the Buddenbrooks we can also see the general outlines of another great character, not created by Mann but brought back from the primary sources of the European literary legacy by another German thinker, Theodor W. Adorno, one of his greatest admirers and collaborators. In fact, in his presentation of Odysseus, as it is found in the Dialectics of Enlightenment –written with his f...

In this paper, the author proposes to reflect on some aspects of the book The Idea of Justice by Amartya Sen, in the light of the work of the Italian philosopher Antonio Rosmini, disseminator of the term “social justice” in the origins of Catholic social thought. First, the author shows the similarities between Sen and Rosmini on the importance of reason in the analysis of the idea of social justice against purely emotional and pragmatic proposals. Secondly, he proposes a comparison between the critiques developed by Sen and Rosmini to the so-called by Sen “transcendental theories” of justice and the so-called “structural changes” and the need for gradual changes to reach a just society. Thirdly, the paper intends to show how the choice for the people and their capabilities taken by Sen can be enlightened and deepened from the perspective of the Rosminian theory of capabilities. Then, it describes the cognitive turn proposed by Sen for institutions and public policies. Finally, the ...

Being one of the first Catholic thinkers to embrace the market economy, Antonio Rosmini believed that it could not function devoid of strong ethical and institutional foundations. The article presents his main economic ideas and shows the relevance of his writings to understand the causes of the recent global crisis. It also gives a Rosminian insight on the possible actions to be taken in a post-crisis scenario.

Many behavioral economists argue that borrowers, lenders, investment banks, financial agents, rating agencies, regulators and end-investors who participated in the 2008 financial crisis did not show the kind of rational behavior expected by conventional economists. On the contrary, they believe that such a severe and widespread crisis was partially caused by a series of psychological irrationalities in all these actors in the level of cognition, emotion and behavior. From this psychological point of view one can understand how the crisis has its roots in a much deeper dimension of human beings that goes beyond what the usual models asume when they describe the behavior of economic agents. The view I will hold in this paper is that while I believe that behavioral economists have hit home to discover the psychological causes of the crisis, there is a still deeper and wider level of analysis dimension that I will call the personal dimension, which must be reached not only to properly understand the causes of the crisis, but also to think for a better economy after the crisis.

Esistono diversi parallelismi tra i tempi di Rosmini e i nostri. Come noi, lui ha vissuto in una epoca di transizione, piena di problemi non risolti ereditati dal passato e aperta a nuovi conflitti e perplessità. Nella stessa misura in cui viviamo eventi centrali nei primi decenni del XXI secolo, Rosmini è stato un testimone all 'inizio del XIX secolo dalla fine di una società protetta, del crollo degli assolutismi, dell'apertura simultanea di un mercato mondiale e l'inizio di una grande rivoluzione tecnologica che ha portato a una spettacolare crescita economica, ma anche a un grande fermento sociale. Come noi, Rosmini era ben consapevole dei problemi scaturiti da questi cambiamenti quali, ad esempio, l'instabilità del lavoro, l'insicurezza sociale, le periodiche crisi finanziarie, la corruzione, la mancanza di fiducia verso la vecchia politica e le istituzioni economiche, le massicce migrazioni, nuove guerre, frammentazione sociale, la crescita di pericolose disuguaglianze, l'esclusione sociale, il terrorismo e nazionalismi violenti.

This article attempts to lay out the central characteristics of Antonio Rosmini's (1797-1855) fiscal and tributary philosophy. Incorporating a multitude of elements from the doctrines of great economists such as Adam Smith, Jean-Baptiste Say, or Simonde de Sismondi and illuminating them with his Christian view of the human person, Rosmini elaborates a complex economic, juridical, and ethical philosophy of taxes. Taking into account these economic-juridical principles, the article also shows the detailed opinions of this great modern philosopher on particular taxes such as income taxes, consumption taxes, taxes on luxury goods, taxes on imports, or taxes applied on the use of public goods. Finally, the article includes Rosmini*s acute observations on direct and indirect taxes as well as his ideas on tax collection, tax laws, and the political role of taxes in order to reach a more just distribution of property in society.

We are forgetting how to give presents. Violation of the exchange principle has something nonsensical and implausible about it [. . .] [Today] even the private giving of presents has degenerated to a social function exercised with rational bad grace, careful adherence to the prescribed budget, skeptical appraisal of the other and the least possible effort. Real giving had its joy in imagining the joy of the receiver. It means choosing, expending time, going out of one's way, thinking of the other as a subject: the opposite of distraction. Just this hardly anyone is now able to do. At best they give what they would have liked themselves, only a few degrees worse. The decay of giving is mirrored in the distressing invention of gift-articles, based on the assumption that one does not know what to give because one really does not want to."