Papers by Ignacio Ortuno Ortin
Documentos de trabajo. Economic series ( Universidad Carlos III. Departamento de Economía ), 2009
In this paper, scientific performance is identified with the impact journal articles achieve thro... more In this paper, scientific performance is identified with the impact journal articles achieve through the citations they receive. The empirical exercise refers to 3.6 million articles published in 1998-2002 in 22 scientific fields, and the more than 47 million citations they receive in 1998-2007. The first finding is that a failure to exclude co-authorship among member countries within the EU (European Union) may lead to a serious upward bias in the assignment of articles to this geographical area. In the second place, standard indicators, such as normalized mean citation ratios, are silent about what takes place in different parts of the citation distribution. Consequently, this paper compares the publication shares of the U.S. and the EU at every percentile of the world citation distribution in each field. In 15 disciplines, as well as in all sciences as a whole, the EU share of total publications is greater than that of the U.S. one. But as soon as the citations received by these publications are taken into account the picture is completely reversed. The mean citation rate in the U.S. is greater than in the EU in every one of the 22 fields. In seven fields, the initial gap between the U.S. and the EU widens up as we advance towards the more cited articles, while in the remaining 15 fields-except for Agricultural Sciences-the U.S. always surpasses the EU when it counts, namely, at the upper tail of citation distributions. For all sciences as a whole, the U.S publication share becomes greater than that of the EU one for the top 50% of the most highly cited articles.
Documentos de trabajo. Economic series ( Universidad Carlos III. Departamento de Economía ), 2010
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, Jul 1, 1998
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, Oct 1, 2000
Our analysis yields some conclusions about the political role of regions in the formation of supr... more Our analysis yields some conclusions about the political role of regions in the formation of supranational economic areas, which turns out to be quite di®erent from the role of nations. The claim that regions have more incentives than nations to attain a¯scal agreement implying full economic integration is likely to be correct when nations are economic stable arrangements, i.e. when the rich region of a nation is not \exploited" by the poor region. When, on the other hand, it is not on the interest of a rich region to be part of a nation, attempts to achieve full economic integration among a group of nations is more likely to be successful if nations, instead of regions, are the decision makers.
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, Dec 1, 1999
IVIE working-papers offer in advance the results of economic research under way in order to encou... more IVIE working-papers offer in advance the results of economic research under way in order to encourage a discussion process before sending them to scientific journals for their final publication. ___________________ * The paper has benefited significantly from the comments of anonymous referees.
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 1991
In this paper we consider a model in which agents have complete information about their neighbour... more In this paper we consider a model in which agents have complete information about their neighbours and, possibly, incomplete information about the rest of the economy. We consider two different informational frameworks. In the first, agents do not have priors about what is going on in the rest of the economy. In the second, agents are supposed to have priors about the unknown characteristics. We present a mechanism which implements any social choice correspondence satisfying monotonicity and no veto power in both informational settings for every possible prior thus requiring little knowledge from the point of view of the designer of the information possesed by agents about the economy.
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, Mar 1, 1997
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RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, Mar 1, 2000
IVIE working papers o¤er in advance the results of economic research under way in order to encour... more IVIE working papers o¤er in advance the results of economic research under way in order to encourage a discussion process before sending them to scienti…c journals for their …nal publication. * We are grateful to Woojin Lee who provided excellent research assistance. The …rst author wishes to acknowledge …nancial support from the Spanish Ministry of Education, project PB97-0131.
Proponemos un modelo de desarrollo desigual, con dos sectores y dos regiones, en el que el cambio... more Proponemos un modelo de desarrollo desigual, con dos sectores y dos regiones, en el que el cambio tecnologico puede beneficiar indistintamente a la region atrasada o a la region avanzada. En este contexto, las transferencias entre regiones pueden conducir a un subdesarrollo persistenteal elevar los salarios, sin modificar la productividad, las transferencias reducen la posibilidad de que la region atrasada adopte la nueva tecnologia y de que se produzca su despeque. Debido a la incertidumbre existente sobre la region que sale beneficiada del cambio tecnologico, la region atrasada puede decidir, de forma racional, seguir siendo subdesarrollada, siempre que la region avanzada continue pagando las transferencias. El modelo ofrece una justificacion para casos, como el del 'Mezzogiorno' italiano, en los que una misma region avanzada subvenciona de manera continuada a una misma region atrasada. (kd) (ad
This paper analyzes whether the propensity to secede by subnational regions responds mostly to di... more This paper analyzes whether the propensity to secede by subnational regions responds mostly to differences in income per capita or to distinct identities. We explore this question in a quantitative political economy model where people's willingness to finance a public good depends on their income and identity. Using high-resolution economic and linguistic data for the entire globe, we predict the propensity to secede of 3,003 subnational regions in 173 countries. We validate the model-based predictions with data on secessionist movements, state fragility, regional autonomy, and conflict, as well as with an application to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Counterfactual analysis strongly suggests that identity trumps income in determining a region's propensity to secede. Removing identity differences reduces the average support for secession from 7.5% to 0.6% of the population.
thank lordi Gall, Javier Valles, Gerald Willmann, and seminar participants at the Bank of Spain a... more thank lordi Gall, Javier Valles, Gerald Willmann, and seminar participants at the Bank of Spain and the University of Kiel for belpful comments. Banco de Espana- Servicio de Estudios Documento de Trabajo n ' 0114 In publishing this series the Banco de Espana seeks to disseminate studies of interest that will help acquaint readers better with the Spanish economy. The analyses, opinions and findings of these papers represent the views of their authors; they are not necessarily those of the Banco de Espana. The Banco de Espana disseminates its main reports and most of its publications via the INTERNET at the following website:
In this paper we adopt the Selten-Pool (1993) framework of language acquisition that is based on ... more In this paper we adopt the Selten-Pool (1993) framework of language acquisition that is based on the notions of communicative benefits and learning costs. We consider a model with languages that serve as imperfect substitutes and show that, under supermodularity of the communicative benefit function and some other mild conditions, there exists a unique interior linguistic equilibrium. We then derive a demand function for foreign languages, that we estimate for English, French, German and Spanish in 13 European countries.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2004
We suggest a demand model for foreign languages and estimate demand functions for English, French... more We suggest a demand model for foreign languages and estimate demand functions for English, French, German and Spanish in 13 European countries. We show that three variables explain reasonably well the share of people who learn a foreign language: the larger the native population in the country, the less its citizens are prone to learn another language; the more the foreign language is spoken, the more it attracts others to learn it; the larger the distance between two languages, the smaller the proportion of people who will learn it. * This paper was motivated by some of the views held in Van Parijs (2003). We are grateful to Abdul Noury and Philippe Van Parijs for comments on a previous version.
Journal of Informetrics, 2011
This paper contains the first empirical applications of a novel methodology for comparing the cit... more This paper contains the first empirical applications of a novel methodology for comparing the citation distributions of research units working in the same homogeneous field. The paper considers a situation in which the world citation distribution in 22 scientific fields is partitioned into three geographical areas: the U.S., the European Union (EU), and the rest of the world (RW). Given a critical citation level (CCL), we suggest using two real valued indicators to describe the shape of each area's distribution: a high-and a low-impact measure defined over the set of articles with citations below or above the CCL. It is found that, when the CCL is fixed at the 80 th percentile of the world citation distribution, the U.S. performs dramatically better than the EU and the RW according to both indicators in all scientific fields. This superiority generally increases as we move from the incidence to the intensity and the citation inequality aspects of the phenomena in question. Surprisingly, changes observed when the CCL is increased from the 80 th to the 95 th percentile are of a relatively small order of magnitude. Finally, it is found that international co-authorship increases the high-impact and reduces the low-impact level in the three geographical areas. This is especially the case for the EU and the RW when they cooperate with the U.S.
We develop a novel methodology to analyze intergenerational social mobility over long periods of ... more We develop a novel methodology to analyze intergenerational social mobility over long periods of time when the precise ancestors of the individual cannot be identified. We base our approach on the incorporation of surnames in the analysis of social mobility, ...
Working papers= Documentos de …, 2000
IVIE working papers o¤er in advance the results of economic research under way in order to encour... more IVIE working papers o¤er in advance the results of economic research under way in order to encourage a discussion process before sending them to scienti…c journals for their …nal publication. * We are grateful to Woojin Lee who provided excellent research assistance. The …rst author wishes to acknowledge …nancial support from the Spanish Ministry of Education, project PB97-0131.
Nº.: Working paper AD 2000-16, 2000
Correspondence to I. Ortuño Ortin: Universitat d' Alacant. Department of Economics. Ap. Corr... more Correspondence to I. Ortuño Ortin: Universitat d' Alacant. Department of Economics. Ap. Correus, 99. 03080 ALACANT, Spain. Fax: 34 965 90 3898. E-mail: [email protected]. ... Editor: Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Econ¶omicas, sa First Edition June 2000. ...
Working Papers. Serie AD, 1994
Downloadable! We study an income tax enforcement problem using a principal agent model where the ... more Downloadable! We study an income tax enforcement problem using a principal agent model where the government sets the tax and inspection functions. These functions are announced to the agents and there is no commitment problem. The penalty function for dishonest taxpayers ...
Regional Science and Urban Economics, 2006
This paper analyzes how the incentives of regions differ from those of nations when choosing a su... more This paper analyzes how the incentives of regions differ from those of nations when choosing a supranational fiscal arrangement. Two types of fiscal arrangements are studied: a Union of nations and a Federation of nations. Under the Union, there is full fiscal integration, and under the Federation, there is only partial fiscal integration and partial insurance against local risks. We show that the claim that regions have stronger incentives than nations to form a supranational Union rather than a Federation might be true only in the case where regions have strong incentives to be part of a centralized nation.
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Papers by Ignacio Ortuno Ortin