THE CULTURE OF INCREASING COUPS D’ÉTAT IN AFRICA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS, 2024
Coups d'état have been prevalent in different countries globally. However, Africa has been the mo... more Coups d'état have been prevalent in different countries globally. However, Africa has been the most affected, leading to significant consequences for its socioeconomic growth and democratic governance. In the last few years, the frequency of coups d'état has increased, thus compromising the progress of making the continent more democratic and peaceful. This paper set out to investigate the culture of increasing coups d'état in Africa and its implications on democratic institutions. Underpinned by the Modernization theory, the study adopted a qualitative method. The unit of analysis was based on interviews and secondary sources. The study explores the various types of coups d'état and the reasons for the coups d'état in Africa. Results proved that leaders who have stayed in power for too long attempt unconstitutional changes to the constitutions which later result in the unconstitutional ousting of them. The study also found out that the Militarisation of Politics and entrenchment of guns have accounted for increasing coup d'etat in Africa of recent. The study therefore concludes that Africa needs to have stronger institutions than stronger men for their democratic process to be stronger and recommends that military juntas should call for democratic elections as fast as possible to enable a peaceful transition
Afo-a-kom Journal of Culture, Performing and Visual Arts is a publication of CAMSOPEVA. All paper... more Afo-a-kom Journal of Culture, Performing and Visual Arts is a publication of CAMSOPEVA. All papers, reports, communications, and contributions published in the journal are the property of CAMSOPEVA, except otherwise indicated. However, CAMSOPEVA makes no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, not those of or endorsed by CAMSOPEVA. The accuracy of the content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. CAMSOPEVA shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to, or arising out of the use of the content.
The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. I... more The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. It is perceived to be the superpower rivalry that has a spillover effect on Africa with some African countries gradually going back to the old doctrine of non-alignment that was observed by most African States during the Cold War. This paper aims to address this gap by assessing the policy of African States towards the Ukraine-Russia war. Utilizing a qualitative and exploratory design, this study analyses official statements, speeches, and media coverage from African States on the Ukraine-Russia conflict. The study is carried out within the ambit of the Constructivism. It is a theoretical approach in international relations that emphasizes the role of social norms, beliefs, and ideas in shaping state behavior. In the context of the Russia-Ukraine war, a constructivist analysis of African states' positions would consider the ways in which their beliefs about sovereignty, international law, and regional stability influenced their responses to the conflict. The study found out that the majority of African States adopted a neutral stance towards the conflict, with a few countries expressing support for either Russia or Ukraine this is because Africa wants to take its responsibility and not always work under the influence of the West to make a particular decision. Moreover, African states' policy towards the Ukraine-Russia conflict is primarily driven by economic interests, regional alliances, and ideological principles.
UPER POWER RIVALRY AND THE PRINCIPLE OF NONALIGNMENT: ASSESSING AFRICAN POLICY TOWARDS RUSSIA AND UKRAINE WAR, 2023
The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. I... more The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. It is perceived to be the superpower rivalry that has a spillover effect on Africa with some African countries gradually going back to the old doctrine of non-alignment that was observed by most African States during the Cold War. This paper aims to address this gap by assessing the policy of African States towards the Ukraine-Russia war. Utilizing a qualitative and exploratory design, this study analyses official statements, speeches, and media coverage from African States on the Ukraine-Russia conflict. The study is carried out within the ambit of the Constructivism. It is a theoretical approach in international relations that emphasizes the role of social norms, beliefs, and ideas in shaping state behavior. In the context of the Russia-Ukraine war, a constructivist analysis of African states' positions would consider the ways in which their beliefs about sovereignty, international law, and regional stability influenced their responses to the conflict. The study found out that the majority of African States adopted a neutral stance towards the conflict, with a few countries expressing support for either Russia or Ukraine this is because Africa wants to take its responsibility and not always work under the influence of the West to make a particular decision. Moreover, African states' policy towards the Ukraine-Russia conflict is primarily driven by economic interests, regional alliances, and ideological principles.
The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. I... more The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. It is perceived to be the superpower rivalry that has a spillover effect on Africa with some African countries gradually going back to the old doctrine of non-alignment that was observed by most African States during the Cold War. This paper aims to address this gap by assessing the policy of African States towards the Ukraine-Russia war. Utilizing a qualitative and exploratory design, this study analyses official statements, speeches, and media coverage from African States on the Ukraine-Russia conflict. The study is carried out within the ambit of the Constructivism. It is a theoretical approach in international relations that emphasizes the role of social norms, beliefs, and ideas in shaping state behavior. In the context of the Russia-Ukraine war, a constructivist analysis of African states' positions would consider the ways in which their beliefs about sovereignty, international law, and regional stability influenced their responses to the conflict. The study found out that the majority of African States adopted a neutral stance towards the conflict, with a few countries expressing support for either Russia or Ukraine this is because Africa wants to take its responsibility and not always work under the influence of the West to make a particular decision. Moreover, African states' policy towards the Ukraine-Russia conflict is primarily driven by economic interests, regional alliances, and ideological principles.
The current crisis in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon has been characterized by... more The current crisis in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon has been characterized by violence, loss of lives, and destruction of property. In this article, the paper explores the role of community engagement in peace building in these regions. The paper draws on literature review and qualitative data from focus group discussions and interviews with community members, civil society organizations and government officials. This study was carried out within the ambit of the Participatory Development Theory (PDT).This theory is a widely used approach in community engagement for peace building. The findings suggest that community engagement is crucial in building sustainable peace in these regions. This is so because the community can better understand where the problem lays. The paper went further to identify the various community groups that could be engage in the process among which is Religious leaders, traditional rulers ,youths ,women and civil society organisations.The paper recommend the development of peace education programs, the promotion of intercultural
This paper sets out to investigate social media use in the current Anglophone Crisis. The main as... more This paper sets out to investigate social media use in the current Anglophone Crisis. The main assumption of the paper is that the increasing use of the social media by nontraditional journalists and non-state actors in the production and distribution of information, escalated the crisis in the North West and South West Regions. Underpinned by the gatekeeping theory, the study adopted a qualitative method. The unit of observations was published information on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and WhatsApp Chat groups by the separatist and the Head of State. The analyses were predicted on information shared on the social media platforms about the Anglophone crisis in Cameroon by individuals, states and non-state actors. Results proved that the majority of information shared during this crisis period is mostly through Facebook and WhatsApps, although others like Twitter, Youtube etc are also employed. Prominent among the actors who use the social media during this crisis period is the Head of State, Paul Biya. He employed twitter for instance to condemn the crisis, call. The study, therefore, concludes that social media has been a tool used by both the government and non-government officials to transmit their messages in relation to the crisis in the North West and South West. However, while the government uses them to promote peace, the non-state actors rather exploit them to the contrary.
REGIONAL INTEGRATION, PEACE KEEPING AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION: THE CASE OF ECOWAS INTERVENTION IN LIBERIA, 2020
This paper attempts an appraisal of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) interv... more This paper attempts an appraisal of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) intervention in Liberia during the civil war.The paper made use of both primary and secondary sources of data.The Conflict Theory is used as a tool of analysis. The paper takes off from independence following the creation of various integration schemes toachieve economic objective. Hence, the need for regional integration after independence was considered as an alternative route to resolving Africa’s socio-economic problems. This economic cooperation was affected by crises in some ECOWAS member states. The case in question being the civil war in Liberia. It was against this backdrop that ECOWAS intervened in Liberia for peace keeping through ECOWAS Monitory Group (ECOMOG) which eventually resolved conflict in that area. Despite the observed challenges and shortcomings accruing from the linguistic differences that hampered the successful mission of ECOWAS in Liberia, the paper asserts the relevance of ECOWAS in Regional Peacekeeping and conflict resolution. It concludes that ECOWAS has been able to keep peace in Liberia and eventually resolved Conflict there to a minimal level. KEY WORDS: Regional Integration, Peace Keeping and Conflict Resolution
THE CULTURE OF INCREASING COUPS D’ÉTAT IN AFRICA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS, 2024
Coups d'état have been prevalent in different countries globally. However, Africa has been the mo... more Coups d'état have been prevalent in different countries globally. However, Africa has been the most affected, leading to significant consequences for its socioeconomic growth and democratic governance. In the last few years, the frequency of coups d'état has increased, thus compromising the progress of making the continent more democratic and peaceful. This paper set out to investigate the culture of increasing coups d'état in Africa and its implications on democratic institutions. Underpinned by the Modernization theory, the study adopted a qualitative method. The unit of analysis was based on interviews and secondary sources. The study explores the various types of coups d'état and the reasons for the coups d'état in Africa. Results proved that leaders who have stayed in power for too long attempt unconstitutional changes to the constitutions which later result in the unconstitutional ousting of them. The study also found out that the Militarisation of Politics and entrenchment of guns have accounted for increasing coup d'etat in Africa of recent. The study therefore concludes that Africa needs to have stronger institutions than stronger men for their democratic process to be stronger and recommends that military juntas should call for democratic elections as fast as possible to enable a peaceful transition
Afo-a-kom Journal of Culture, Performing and Visual Arts is a publication of CAMSOPEVA. All paper... more Afo-a-kom Journal of Culture, Performing and Visual Arts is a publication of CAMSOPEVA. All papers, reports, communications, and contributions published in the journal are the property of CAMSOPEVA, except otherwise indicated. However, CAMSOPEVA makes no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, not those of or endorsed by CAMSOPEVA. The accuracy of the content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. CAMSOPEVA shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to, or arising out of the use of the content.
The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. I... more The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. It is perceived to be the superpower rivalry that has a spillover effect on Africa with some African countries gradually going back to the old doctrine of non-alignment that was observed by most African States during the Cold War. This paper aims to address this gap by assessing the policy of African States towards the Ukraine-Russia war. Utilizing a qualitative and exploratory design, this study analyses official statements, speeches, and media coverage from African States on the Ukraine-Russia conflict. The study is carried out within the ambit of the Constructivism. It is a theoretical approach in international relations that emphasizes the role of social norms, beliefs, and ideas in shaping state behavior. In the context of the Russia-Ukraine war, a constructivist analysis of African states' positions would consider the ways in which their beliefs about sovereignty, international law, and regional stability influenced their responses to the conflict. The study found out that the majority of African States adopted a neutral stance towards the conflict, with a few countries expressing support for either Russia or Ukraine this is because Africa wants to take its responsibility and not always work under the influence of the West to make a particular decision. Moreover, African states' policy towards the Ukraine-Russia conflict is primarily driven by economic interests, regional alliances, and ideological principles.
UPER POWER RIVALRY AND THE PRINCIPLE OF NONALIGNMENT: ASSESSING AFRICAN POLICY TOWARDS RUSSIA AND UKRAINE WAR, 2023
The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. I... more The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. It is perceived to be the superpower rivalry that has a spillover effect on Africa with some African countries gradually going back to the old doctrine of non-alignment that was observed by most African States during the Cold War. This paper aims to address this gap by assessing the policy of African States towards the Ukraine-Russia war. Utilizing a qualitative and exploratory design, this study analyses official statements, speeches, and media coverage from African States on the Ukraine-Russia conflict. The study is carried out within the ambit of the Constructivism. It is a theoretical approach in international relations that emphasizes the role of social norms, beliefs, and ideas in shaping state behavior. In the context of the Russia-Ukraine war, a constructivist analysis of African states' positions would consider the ways in which their beliefs about sovereignty, international law, and regional stability influenced their responses to the conflict. The study found out that the majority of African States adopted a neutral stance towards the conflict, with a few countries expressing support for either Russia or Ukraine this is because Africa wants to take its responsibility and not always work under the influence of the West to make a particular decision. Moreover, African states' policy towards the Ukraine-Russia conflict is primarily driven by economic interests, regional alliances, and ideological principles.
The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. I... more The Ukraine-Russia conflict has garnered global attention due to its geopolitical implications. It is perceived to be the superpower rivalry that has a spillover effect on Africa with some African countries gradually going back to the old doctrine of non-alignment that was observed by most African States during the Cold War. This paper aims to address this gap by assessing the policy of African States towards the Ukraine-Russia war. Utilizing a qualitative and exploratory design, this study analyses official statements, speeches, and media coverage from African States on the Ukraine-Russia conflict. The study is carried out within the ambit of the Constructivism. It is a theoretical approach in international relations that emphasizes the role of social norms, beliefs, and ideas in shaping state behavior. In the context of the Russia-Ukraine war, a constructivist analysis of African states' positions would consider the ways in which their beliefs about sovereignty, international law, and regional stability influenced their responses to the conflict. The study found out that the majority of African States adopted a neutral stance towards the conflict, with a few countries expressing support for either Russia or Ukraine this is because Africa wants to take its responsibility and not always work under the influence of the West to make a particular decision. Moreover, African states' policy towards the Ukraine-Russia conflict is primarily driven by economic interests, regional alliances, and ideological principles.
The current crisis in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon has been characterized by... more The current crisis in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon has been characterized by violence, loss of lives, and destruction of property. In this article, the paper explores the role of community engagement in peace building in these regions. The paper draws on literature review and qualitative data from focus group discussions and interviews with community members, civil society organizations and government officials. This study was carried out within the ambit of the Participatory Development Theory (PDT).This theory is a widely used approach in community engagement for peace building. The findings suggest that community engagement is crucial in building sustainable peace in these regions. This is so because the community can better understand where the problem lays. The paper went further to identify the various community groups that could be engage in the process among which is Religious leaders, traditional rulers ,youths ,women and civil society organisations.The paper recommend the development of peace education programs, the promotion of intercultural
This paper sets out to investigate social media use in the current Anglophone Crisis. The main as... more This paper sets out to investigate social media use in the current Anglophone Crisis. The main assumption of the paper is that the increasing use of the social media by nontraditional journalists and non-state actors in the production and distribution of information, escalated the crisis in the North West and South West Regions. Underpinned by the gatekeeping theory, the study adopted a qualitative method. The unit of observations was published information on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and WhatsApp Chat groups by the separatist and the Head of State. The analyses were predicted on information shared on the social media platforms about the Anglophone crisis in Cameroon by individuals, states and non-state actors. Results proved that the majority of information shared during this crisis period is mostly through Facebook and WhatsApps, although others like Twitter, Youtube etc are also employed. Prominent among the actors who use the social media during this crisis period is the Head of State, Paul Biya. He employed twitter for instance to condemn the crisis, call. The study, therefore, concludes that social media has been a tool used by both the government and non-government officials to transmit their messages in relation to the crisis in the North West and South West. However, while the government uses them to promote peace, the non-state actors rather exploit them to the contrary.
REGIONAL INTEGRATION, PEACE KEEPING AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION: THE CASE OF ECOWAS INTERVENTION IN LIBERIA, 2020
This paper attempts an appraisal of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) interv... more This paper attempts an appraisal of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) intervention in Liberia during the civil war.The paper made use of both primary and secondary sources of data.The Conflict Theory is used as a tool of analysis. The paper takes off from independence following the creation of various integration schemes toachieve economic objective. Hence, the need for regional integration after independence was considered as an alternative route to resolving Africa’s socio-economic problems. This economic cooperation was affected by crises in some ECOWAS member states. The case in question being the civil war in Liberia. It was against this backdrop that ECOWAS intervened in Liberia for peace keeping through ECOWAS Monitory Group (ECOMOG) which eventually resolved conflict in that area. Despite the observed challenges and shortcomings accruing from the linguistic differences that hampered the successful mission of ECOWAS in Liberia, the paper asserts the relevance of ECOWAS in Regional Peacekeeping and conflict resolution. It concludes that ECOWAS has been able to keep peace in Liberia and eventually resolved Conflict there to a minimal level. KEY WORDS: Regional Integration, Peace Keeping and Conflict Resolution
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was considered as an alternative route to resolving Africa’s socio-economic problems. This economic cooperation was affected by crises in some ECOWAS member states. The case in question being the civil war in Liberia. It was against this backdrop that ECOWAS intervened in Liberia for peace keeping through ECOWAS Monitory Group (ECOMOG) which eventually resolved conflict in that area. Despite the observed challenges and
shortcomings accruing from the linguistic differences that hampered the successful mission of ECOWAS in Liberia, the paper asserts the relevance of ECOWAS in Regional Peacekeeping and conflict resolution. It concludes that ECOWAS has been able to keep peace in Liberia and eventually resolved Conflict there to a minimal level.
KEY WORDS: Regional Integration, Peace Keeping and Conflict Resolution
was considered as an alternative route to resolving Africa’s socio-economic problems. This economic cooperation was affected by crises in some ECOWAS member states. The case in question being the civil war in Liberia. It was against this backdrop that ECOWAS intervened in Liberia for peace keeping through ECOWAS Monitory Group (ECOMOG) which eventually resolved conflict in that area. Despite the observed challenges and
shortcomings accruing from the linguistic differences that hampered the successful mission of ECOWAS in Liberia, the paper asserts the relevance of ECOWAS in Regional Peacekeeping and conflict resolution. It concludes that ECOWAS has been able to keep peace in Liberia and eventually resolved Conflict there to a minimal level.
KEY WORDS: Regional Integration, Peace Keeping and Conflict Resolution