Latif Ahmad
Dr. Latif Ahmad is an Independent Researcher and was a PhD Professor and HoD at Baqai Medical University (BMU) Karachi Pakistan (www.baqai.edu.pk) during 2015 to 2024. He had also worked as Assistant Professor of Pathology at University of Sargodha Pakistan (http://su.edu.pk) just after completing his PhD in 2010 and taught to the medical graduates. Dr. Ahmad remained a Research Fellow at University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan (www.uaf.edu.pk) from 2002 to 2010. His areas of specialization are veterinary pathology including hematology, histopathology, immunology and digital pathology. He was awarded DVM degree in 2000 by UAF. Dr. Ahmad is actively involved in diagnosing animal diseases in Karachi and also collaborates with his medical colleagues and others for diagnosing human diseases and knowledge development for biological advancement especially in the fields of medical and veterinary sciences.
Phone: +92(0)3217809527 WhatsApp only...
Address: G-18, St. # 7, CP4 Road, HZJG, Near Baqai Medical University, Karachi Toll plaza, Karachi-Pakistanl
Phone: +92(0)3217809527 WhatsApp only...
Address: G-18, St. # 7, CP4 Road, HZJG, Near Baqai Medical University, Karachi Toll plaza, Karachi-Pakistanl
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affinity with lymphatic tissues. This disease is characterized by lesions of bursal hemorrhagic and inflamed lesions followed by atrophy thus leading to immunosuppression. Effective vaccination programs and strict biosecurity measures are mandatory for its prevention and control. The starring role of wild birds in the epidemiology of the IBD needs to be clarified as wild birds have indirect or direct contact with commercial chicken rearing. We concluded that infectious bursal disease is still a havoc in the poultry industry throughout the world. Vaccination is a
successful tool to control and inhibit IBD. Vaccination failure could occur; however, farmers' education is necessary for successful vaccination and disease prevention/control.
Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between TAC and CAT (Pearson correlation value = 0.961; p < 0.001), similarly TOC and MDA positive correlation (Pearson correlation value = 0.920; p < 0.001). However, TAC and CAT showed a negative correlation between TOC and MDA. The intensity of gross and microscopic lesions was more in chromium (270 mg.kg−1 ) and arsenic (50 mg.kg−1) singly or in combination-treated groups. Thus, broiler chicks treated with chromium plus arsenic exhibited higher gross and microscopic lesion intensity than other treated groups. Fatty degeneration, severe cytoplasmic vacuolar degeneration, and expansion of sinusoidal spaces were the main lesions
observed in the liver. Kidneys showed renal epithelial cells necrosis, glomerular shrinkage, and severe cytoplasmic vacuolar degeneration. Co-administration of bentonite along with chromium and arsenic resulted in partial amelioration (group 8) compared to groups 7 and 9, administered arsenic + chromium + vitamin E and arsenic + chromium + vitamin E + bentonite, respectively
affinity with lymphatic tissues. This disease is characterized by lesions of bursal hemorrhagic and inflamed lesions followed by atrophy thus leading to immunosuppression. Effective vaccination programs and strict biosecurity measures are mandatory for its prevention and control. The starring role of wild birds in the epidemiology of the IBD needs to be clarified as wild birds have indirect or direct contact with commercial chicken rearing. We concluded that infectious bursal disease is still a havoc in the poultry industry throughout the world. Vaccination is a
successful tool to control and inhibit IBD. Vaccination failure could occur; however, farmers' education is necessary for successful vaccination and disease prevention/control.
Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between TAC and CAT (Pearson correlation value = 0.961; p < 0.001), similarly TOC and MDA positive correlation (Pearson correlation value = 0.920; p < 0.001). However, TAC and CAT showed a negative correlation between TOC and MDA. The intensity of gross and microscopic lesions was more in chromium (270 mg.kg−1 ) and arsenic (50 mg.kg−1) singly or in combination-treated groups. Thus, broiler chicks treated with chromium plus arsenic exhibited higher gross and microscopic lesion intensity than other treated groups. Fatty degeneration, severe cytoplasmic vacuolar degeneration, and expansion of sinusoidal spaces were the main lesions
observed in the liver. Kidneys showed renal epithelial cells necrosis, glomerular shrinkage, and severe cytoplasmic vacuolar degeneration. Co-administration of bentonite along with chromium and arsenic resulted in partial amelioration (group 8) compared to groups 7 and 9, administered arsenic + chromium + vitamin E and arsenic + chromium + vitamin E + bentonite, respectively