Access modifiers are used in an object-oriented programming language to limit the access of the variable and functions of a class. Most of the object-oriented programming languages use three types of access modifiers these are public, protected, and private.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Public members (generally methods declared in a class) are accessible from outside the class. The object of the same class is required to invoke a public method. This arrangement of private instance variables and public methods ensures the principle of data encapsulation.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class employee:\n def __init__(self, name, sal):\n self.name=name\n self.salary=sal\n\ne1=Employee(\"Kiran\",10000)\nprint(e1.salary) # salary is public attribute\n\n# we can access employee class's attributes and also modify their values\ne1.salary=20000\nprint(e1.salary)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t Output of the above program is <\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t \n10000
\n20000<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\nProtected Access Modifier<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Protected members of a class are accessible from within the class and are also available to its sub-classes. No other environment is permitted access to it. This enables the specific resources of the parent class to be inherited by the child class. By adding a prefix _(single underscore) to instance variables, we can make it protected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Example of Protected Access Modifier<\/h4>\n\n\n\nclass employee:\n def __init__(self, name, sal):\n self._name=name # name and sal are protected\n self._salary=sal\n\ne1=Employee(\"Kiran\",10000)\nprint(e1._salary) # salary is protected attribute\n\ne1._salary=20000\nprint(e1._salary)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t Output of the above program is <\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t \n10000
\n20000<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\nPrivate Access Modifier<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Private members of a class are denied access to the environment outside the class. We can handle them only within the class. By adding a prefix __(double underscore) to instance variables and functions of a class, we can make it private.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Example of Private Access Modifier<\/h4>\n\n\n\nclass employee:\n def __init__(self, name, sal):\n self.__name=name # name and sal are private\n self.__salary=sal\n\ne1=Employee(\"Kiran\",10000)\nprint(e1.__salary) # salary is the private attribute\n\ne1.__salary=20000\nprint(e1.__salary)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t Output of the above program is <\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t \nTraceback (most recent call last):
\n File “E:\/python\/khusboo\/test-py.py”, line 6, in
\n e1=Employee(“Kiran”,10000)
\nNameError: name ‘Employee’ is not defined<\/module><\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\n\n\n\nNote:<\/strong> Python doesn’t have any mechanism that effectively restricts access to any instance variable or method. Python prefix the name of the variable\/method with a single or double underscore to match the behavior of protected and private access specifiers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Access modifiers are used in an object-oriented programming language to limit the access of the variable and functions of a class. Most of the object-oriented programming languages use three types of access…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"keywords":[],"class_list":["post-4278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python"],"yoast_head":"\n
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