Papers by Nikolay Kakanakov
The paper discusses the application of Network Simulator (NS-2) in simulation of Internet-based d... more The paper discusses the application of Network Simulator (NS-2) in simulation of Internet-based distributed embedded systems. It envisions the pros and cons of NS-2 as a simulation tool for distributed embedded systems and suggests some design techniques to implement simulation scenarios. At the end, an example of time-delay simulation of switched Ethernet as a communication media for distributed embedded systems is presented.
The presented experimental results provide a base data for evaluation the protocol leaks and perf... more The presented experimental results provide a base data for evaluation the protocol leaks and performance. Additionally, the experiments are executed on two different embedded platforms, running different implementation of the protocol -in Java and C. It allows separation of platform specific components in the experimental results. The experiments are monitored and analyzed using specially built application. The results are stored in XML files for further analyses.
The paper presents the implementation of a model for Distributed Automation Systems which is expe... more The paper presents the implementation of a model for Distributed Automation Systems which is experimentally built in the laboratory for Distributed Systems and Computer Networks (http://netlab.tu-plovdiv.bg/). It discusses the N-tier model and its integration to the filed of distributed automation. The implementation of service-oriented middleware for interaction between tiers in the model is proposed. The system is based on enterprise web portal technology for the realization of presentation tier and web services for interconnection between middle tiers. The implementation is flexible and scalable, by means of using open and popular technologies for enterprise application development and integration. The main aspect of presented system is spreading the work of applications for distributed automation over large distances. In the paper the distribution of automation services -lookup and registration (dynamic UDDI) and program-toprogram interaction (SOAP) are discussed. The implemented system can be applied to Distributed Automation Systems and makes the integration of automation and business logic of an enterprise feasible.
In this paper a new Web-based multi-tier model for Distributed Automation Systems is proposed. Th... more In this paper a new Web-based multi-tier model for Distributed Automation Systems is proposed. The presented model is constructed for scalability, flexibility and platform independence. Based on the model, integration of automation and business information systems is attained. The model consists of four tiers: Client tier, Presentation tier, Services tier and Data tier. To achieve reliability and security a functional separation of the services' roles is suggested.
The paper presents the design and implementation of a UDP-based protocol for Distributed Automati... more The paper presents the design and implementation of a UDP-based protocol for Distributed Automation Systems. It is based on client/server interactions. Protocol specification is given together with its syntax, grammar and semantics. Message formats, protocol vocabulary and communication rules are described. The possible applications of the protocol are discussed and a sample implementation of the server and client are shown in the paper. Initial tests of the effectiveness of the protocol are made. The experiments are test-bed, carried out in the experimental network in "Distributed Systems and Computer Networks Lab" in Technical University of Sofia, branch Plovdiv (http://net-lab.tu-plovdiv.bg/). They include evaluation of the communication capacity of the protocol. The minimum, maximum and average response times are calculated from the experimental results.
In this paper simulation and analytical results for delay bounding and buffer size in switched Et... more In this paper simulation and analytical results for delay bounding and buffer size in switched Ethernet network are presented. Most of the calculations are made for the environment of Distributed Automation Systems where timing constraints are important. The traffic for the tests is from combined typeperiodic constant bit rate and stochastic with Poisson distribution. The traffic mixture is made out of four different workloads mapped to the standard communication scenarios in distributed embedded systems environment. The prioritization schemes are mapped to the 802.1p traffic types. The analytical results are made using Network Calculus. The simulation is made using Network Simulator (NS).
The paper presents a simulation scenario for performance evaluation of switched Ethernet as commu... more The paper presents a simulation scenario for performance evaluation of switched Ethernet as communication media in controller networks. Ethernet is the most accepted Local Area Network technology, characterized with low price and deployment robustness. Using Ethernet instead of custom industrial communication protocol can ease the development of applications. The introduction of Fast Ethernet and micro-segmentation eliminates some of the biggest problems of using Ethernet in controller networks. This also enables integration of controller networks with the enterprise and global networks. The use of queue management discipline shows a lot of possibilities for achieving requirements for different type of services. The evaluation is by means of simulation analysis, using network simulator -NS2 as a tool. The results are used for studying the interactions in multi-tier model for distributed automation and for improving its communication performance. Some particular classes are proposed for prioritisation of different CNDEP traffic used in the multi-tier model.
Mapping of data-base on biomass-for-energy in Pazardjik region-project RADAR
Project RADAR (Raising Awareness on renewable energy Developing Agro-eneRgetic chain models) star... more Project RADAR (Raising Awareness on renewable energy Developing Agro-eneRgetic chain models) started in 2007 under the program of Intelligent Energy Europe-Competence and Innovations. The project consortium includes 15 partners, two of which are Bulgarian-the Agency for Energy Efficiency-Plovdiv and the Agricultural University. The project aims to develop a sustainable model for agro-energetic chain.
This paper discusses new technologies in communication systems and particularly the new systems f... more This paper discusses new technologies in communication systems and particularly the new systems for transmitting audio and video data, which switch from analog to digital principle. The number of digital channels transmitted through satellites increased every day. The trend in the near future is for replacement all the analogue TV and Radio broadcasting with digital one. To unify the implementation of dynamic interactive systems, middleware kernels will be built-in in such systems, as some of these kernels are Open TV and MHP allowing integration of Java virtual machine, TCP/IP stack, browser and etc.
This paper presents a review of denial-of-service attacks and methods of defense in the field of ... more This paper presents a review of denial-of-service attacks and methods of defense in the field of SCADA and embedded applications. It investigates the vulnerabilities of embedded systems to the general security leaks, known from the general purpose and enterprise distributed systems. The similarities and differences of the attacks that desktop and embedded users experience are discussed. An embedded application for remote management of electric energy, based on ARM9 processor and Linux OS is used as an example to test the security leaks and vulnerabilities. The security tests are run using Nexus software, which is capable of determining general security risk as long as typical SCADA vulnerabilities.
The general aim of project CEUBIOM is to develop a harmonized method for assessment of biomass po... more The general aim of project CEUBIOM is to develop a harmonized method for assessment of biomass potential for bioenergy. The method should be easily applicable, relatively easy to implement and corresponding with user requirements. The current situation in the field of biomass potential assessment in Europe is very heterogeneous. Different countries use different methods for collecting statistical data about agricultural biomass. The development of common EU policy for substitution of fossil fuels with Renewable Eenergy Sources (RES) requires planning of electricity and heat production from biomass. This includes assessing the available biomass-for-energy resources with acceptable accuracy.
Last events in the field of energy supply have raised the role of Renewable Energy Sources in wor... more Last events in the field of energy supply have raised the role of Renewable Energy Sources in world scale. The use of biomass in Bulgaria is presently confined to heat production from residues. The production of biomass per capita is considered high. It must be noted that assessments of the actual fuel biomass consumption is hardly estimated by now due to irregular statistics and only several assessment studies done in the country until now, still not at a national level. Development and harmonization at European level of specific methods for assessment of biomass potential is necessary. This is one of the major aims of CEUBIOM project.
The paper presents an analysis on data input/output methods, scenarios and standards for radio-co... more The paper presents an analysis on data input/output methods, scenarios and standards for radio-communication in body sensor networks (BSN). A comparison of the characteristics of different wireless communication standards, applicable to BSN, in terms of energy consumption is shown. In the second part a use-case scenario for remote monitoring of oxygen saturation (SpO2), ECG and pulse rate is presented. To demonstrate the use of intelligent wireless sensors in BSN an Onyx II 9560 Bluetooth fingertip oxymeter is employed in described scenario.
Recent technological advances at the web programming level and availability of different micro-co... more Recent technological advances at the web programming level and availability of different micro-controllers with embedded Internet services offer new opportunities for building the distributed measurement systems for remote monitoring and control of physical parameters. The paper describes an example of system architecture for distributed measurements, based on client/ server application. The transaction server is connected to the net of different types of micro-controllers with embedded network hardware and TCP/IP stack and standard industrial interfaces like I2C, Serial RS232/RS485, CAN2.0B, 1-Wire®, SPI, etc. The integration of several industrial standard interfaces improves the flexibility of the system, because different type of sensors could be connected to the micro- controllers for measuring and monitoring various physical parameters. The paper illustrates the proposed system architecture with an example of distributed measurements of temperature and humidity in the Network r...
The paper presents an application level protocol for data interactions in local networks of embed... more The paper presents an application level protocol for data interactions in local networks of embedded devices and its adaptation for Personal Health Systems and Body Sensor networks. The protocol uses profiles to improve scalability and applicability and to ease the customization for different application areas. Profiles are described in XML to be easily processed and written. The profile can describe the device parameters and application-specific context. Finally, to demonstrate the use of profiles as an extension for describing the particular application of the protocol the scenario of body sensor network will be used.
The paper presents an analysis on data input/output methods, scenarios and standards for radio-co... more The paper presents an analysis on data input/output methods, scenarios and standards for radio-communication in body sensor networks (BSN). A comparison of the characteristics of different wireless communication standards, applicable to BSN, in terms of energy consumption is shown. In the second part a use-case scenario for remote monitoring of oxygen saturation (SpO2), ECG and pulse rate is presented. To
Plovdiv. The presented experimental results provide a base data for evaluation of the leaks and p... more Plovdiv. The presented experimental results provide a base data for evaluation of the leaks and performance of the example implementation. The experiments are monitored and analyzed using specially built MS .NET application. The results are stored in XML files for further analyses. The examined metrics are request/response delay and jitter.
Paper presents a Web-based Personal Health System (PHS) for remote monitoring of ECG signals. It ... more Paper presents a Web-based Personal Health System (PHS) for remote monitoring of ECG signals. It presents a multi-tiered architecture for building PHS and integrating them with enterprise and health information systems. Tiers encompass Body Area Network (BAN) with medical sensors, Personal Server and/or Home gateway, Medical servers and Web Portal. A use case scenario for remote ECG monitoring is described in the paper for proving the effectiveness of the proposed architecture. The uploaded ECG data can be viewed and analyzed remotely by the specialists. The patient (at patient site) also can log in the medical portal and can upload data file with its ECG.
The paper aims to provide a reference manual for using Linux/GNU tools in developing embedded Int... more The paper aims to provide a reference manual for using Linux/GNU tools in developing embedded Internetready applications for ARM9 based systems. It provides stepsby-step guide for configuring the bootloader, Linux kernel, toolchain and developing environment. As an example ARM920T based development board (EP9302) is used, running 2.6.32 kernel and embedded application that reads data from sensor on serial port and provides it as Web service.
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Papers by Nikolay Kakanakov