Bumantara and a World Federation. Revisiting Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana’s Ideas on a Culture of Inclusion in Times of Crisis
By Fathun Karib. Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana (1908–1994) was a prominent Indonesian author and intellectual who developed an alternative term for the Southeast Asian area. This article will focus on examining his concept of Bumantara – a combination of the words Bumi (land) and Antara (in between) – and delve into his proposal for a “World Federation” as a solution for addressing ongoing global crises. Bumantara and the World Federation refer to specific territorial units that offer alternative opportunities for those living in this era.


