{"id":2532,"date":"2019-08-13T09:20:21","date_gmt":"2019-08-13T09:20:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/?p=515"},"modified":"2024-07-24T10:35:54","modified_gmt":"2024-07-24T10:35:54","slug":"secure-sockets-layer-ssl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/secure-sockets-layer-ssl\/","title":{"rendered":"Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-02cc07ca upsell-block\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-ead929e3\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-15d26a49\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-15d26a49\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-a106b981 gb-headline-text\">KS3 Networking Resources (14-16 years)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An editable PowerPoint lesson presentation<\/li><li>Editable revision handouts<\/li><li>A glossary which covers the key terminologies of the module<\/li><li>Topic mindmaps for visualising the key concepts<\/li><li>Printable flashcards to help students engage active recall and confidence-based repetition<\/li><li>A quiz with accompanying answer key to test knowledge and understanding of the module<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-button-wrapper gb-button-wrapper-ff8a26b6\">\n\n<a class=\"gb-button gb-button-a1e36719 gb-button-text\" href=\"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/ks3\/networking\/\">View KS3 Networking Resources<\/a>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-6f4b5bae\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6f4b5bae\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-9b14b4b8 gb-headline-text\">A-Level Network Protocols and Layers (16-18 years)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An editable PowerPoint lesson presentation<\/li><li>Editable revision handouts<\/li><li>A glossary which covers the key terminologies of the module<\/li><li>Topic mindmaps for visualising the key concepts<\/li><li>Printable flashcards to help students engage active recall and confidence-based repetition<\/li><li>A quiz with accompanying answer key to test knowledge and understanding of the module<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-button-wrapper gb-button-wrapper-8a77ac85\">\n\n<a class=\"gb-button gb-button-e03c8620 gb-button-text\" href=\"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/a-level\/exchanging-data\/network-protocols-and-layers\/\">View A-Level Network Protocols and Layers Resources<\/a>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-e93ac3ea gb-headline-text\">Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)<\/strong> is a computer networking&nbsp;procedure&nbsp;for safeguarding connections between network application clients and servers over a vulnerable network, like the <a href=\"http:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/the-internet\/\">internet<\/a>.&nbsp; Because of several procedures and execution defects and&nbsp;weaknesses, SSL was&nbsp;disapproved&nbsp;for use on the internet by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in 2015 and has since been replaced by the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol.&nbsp; TLS and SSL can not operate together directly, but TLS is&nbsp;backwards-compatible&nbsp;with SSL 3.0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSL was originally described in the 1990s as a proprietary protocol that allowed&nbsp;Netscape browser&nbsp;clients&nbsp;using the <a href=\"http:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/hypertext-transfer-protocol-http\/\">Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)<\/a> to connect safely with Netscape web servers.&nbsp; SSL eventually evolved to become a secure authentication and encryption procedure for communication at the network transport layer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSL utilises a blend of&nbsp;public key&nbsp;and symmetric key&nbsp;encryption&nbsp;to safeguard a connection between two machines, like a web or&nbsp;mail server&nbsp;and a client system, which are linked together by the&nbsp;internet,&nbsp;or by another similar&nbsp;TCP\/IP&nbsp;network.&nbsp; SSL offers a mechanism for encrypting and authenticating <a href=\"http:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/data-transmission\/\">data transmitted<\/a> between&nbsp;processes that have been&nbsp;executed on both a client and server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSL runs above the transport layer and the&nbsp;network layer, which are responsible for the sending of data between processes and the routing of network traffic over a network between client and server, respectively. It also runs below&nbsp;application layer&nbsp;protocols, such as HTTP, and&nbsp;Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).&nbsp; The \u2018sockets\u2019 part of the term refers to the&nbsp;sockets&nbsp;method of sending data between a client and a server program: either in a network or between processes&nbsp;in the same computer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The TLS protocol evolved from SSL and has officially superseded it, although the terms SSL or SSL\/TLS are still commonly used to denote any procedure utilised to safeguard web\/internet traffic.\u00a0 SSL\/TLS is the most widely installed security protocol used today. According to\u00a0Google, it is being utilised to keep more than 50% of the pages loaded by the\u00a0Chrome browser safe.\u00a0 In addition to supporting the transmission of web pages, SSL has been applied to applications like\u00a0email,\u00a0file transfer,\u00a0instant messaging, and\u00a0voice over IP (VOIP).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/036-global.png\" alt=\"Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a computer networking\u00a0procedure\u00a0for safeguarding connections between network application clients and servers over a vulnerable network, like the internet.\" class=\"wp-image-5777\" width=\"267\" height=\"267\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/036-global.png 512w, https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/036-global-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/036-global-300x300.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How SSL Works<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The handshake protocol describes how a client and server launch an SSL connection, including the process of determining which cryptographic systems each host is willing to use for communication, as well as the exchange of cryptographic material, like public and session keys, which are used for encryption and authentication of the data in question.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The record protocol describes how communicating hosts exchange data using SSL, including conditions for how data is to be arranged for transmission, and how it is to be confirmed or decrypted upon delivery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the start of the handshake process, a server presents its&nbsp;digital certificate in order to validate itself to the client. Server certificates use the&nbsp;X.509 certificate&nbsp;setup, as defined by the&nbsp;Public Key Cryptography Standards.&nbsp; The validation process uses public-key encryption to validate the digital certificate and to confirm that a server is indeed the server it claims to be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Once the server has been validated, the client and server create cipher settings and a shared&nbsp;key&nbsp;to encrypt the information they swap during the rest of the session. This provides both data confidentiality and integrity, neither of which is visible to the user. For example, if a webpage needs an SSL connection, the&nbsp;URL&nbsp;will change from HTTP to&nbsp;HTTPS, and a padlock icon will be displayed in the browser once the server has been validated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The handshake also lets the client authenticate itself to the server.&nbsp; Once the server authentication has been completed, the next step is for the client to show its certificate to the server in order to validate the client&#8217;s identity <em>before<\/em> establishing an encrypted SSL session.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-be68d9be gb-headline-text\"><strong>Further Readings:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transport_Layer_Security#SSL_1.0,_2.0,_and_3.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Transport Layer Security<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a computer networking&nbsp;procedure&nbsp;for safeguarding connections between network application clients and servers over a vulnerable network, like the internet.&nbsp; Because of several procedures and execution defects and&nbsp;weaknesses, SSL was&nbsp;disapproved&nbsp;for use on the internet by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in 2015 and has since been replaced &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/secure-sockets-layer-ssl\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[29],"tags":[204,47],"class_list":["post-2532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-security","tag-article","tag-hide-old-upsell","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2532","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2532"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2532\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":605575,"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2532\/revisions\/605575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2532"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2532"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teachcomputerscience.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}