Papers by Prof Mohammad Farooq Wani
E3S Web of Conferences
The lubrication effect of solid-based materials has been recognized for centuries, but their use ... more The lubrication effect of solid-based materials has been recognized for centuries, but their use as lubricants dates back to only about 50 years. Solid lubricants are used in applications where parts operate under severe operating conditions such as extreme temperatures and very high vacuum. Solid lubricants replace liquid based lubricants for operation under extreme environmental conditions that are beyond the capability of a liquid-based lubricant such as high or very high vacuum, high and cryogenic temperatures, radiation, corrosive gases, and fretting wear. Applications such as space mechanisms, satellites, space vehicles, turbopumps, nuclear reactors, refrigeration plants, etc are examples of such operating conditions. In this research, nano scale composite coatings of MoS2with varied proportions of ZrN (5%, 10% and 20%) were deposited on Ti3SiC2 Max phase substrate using Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD). The PVD technique used was the RF magnetron sputtering process. Material ...
Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, Oct 25, 2022
A procedure based on fuzzy multicriteria decision making is developed for evaluation and ranking ... more A procedure based on fuzzy multicriteria decision making is developed for evaluation and ranking of tribomaterials. Tribomaterial properties which influence performance of triboelements at operational stage are considered as criteria for evaluation of tribomaterial. Tribomaterial properties, weighting factors and desired values are converted into fuzzy membership functions called trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Tribomaterial ranking index is evaluated from weighted fuzzy tribomaterial suitability value for various degrees of optimism through a series of fuzzy arithmetic operations. Higher the value of index better is ranking of tribomaterial. A step by step procedure for evaluation and ranking of tribomaterial is suggested. An example of plain bearing has been presented for illustration of the procedure.
The paper presents a review to highlight the tribological aspects of cutting fluids in machining ... more The paper presents a review to highlight the tribological aspects of cutting fluids in machining environment. In this study, different machining processes viz. turning, grinding, drilling and milling have been considered with a special focus on grinding process. The cutting fluids are primarily used as coolants and lubricants in the various machining processes. Different cutting fluids and the health hazards associated with their use have also been represented in this research article. The paper also highlights the role of work materials and the cutting tool materials from tribology point of view. The literature revealed that the development of biocompatible cutting fluids, recycling of cutting fluids, cutting fluids for high temperature tribological applications, studying the wetability characteristics with addition of nanoparticles, etc. can be taken up as study in order to enhance the tribological properties of the cutting fluids. © 2016 Published by Faculty of Engineering Corres...
Jurnal Tribologi, 2017
Dry and lubricated sliding tribological tests on hypereutectic Al-25Si alloy was performed using ... more Dry and lubricated sliding tribological tests on hypereutectic Al-25Si alloy was performed using a ballondisk configuration at room temperature. Hypereutectic Al-25Si alloy were prepared by rapid solidification process under T6 condition. Friction coefficient (COF) and wear rate of the alloy were measured under different applied loads ranging from 5–100 N. It is found that the friction coefficient varies with load, first declines (from 5-50 N), then increases (from 50-80 N) and then again decreases (80-100 N). The wear rate of the samples of hypereutectic Al-25Si alloy, first increases and then decreases with increasing the applied normal load. Hypereutectic Al-25Si alloy presents higher wear rate at 50 N due to the participation of a large amount of needle-like precipitates, but shows low wear rate under high load of 100 N because of the work hardening layer. Worn surface morphologies were analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersi...
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2021
Abstract Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are one of the most valuable smart soft materials for vib... more Abstract Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are one of the most valuable smart soft materials for vibration damper and shock absorber in a wide range of engineering applications because they change their viscoelastic properties when subjected to external magnetic fields. These fluids are prepared by dispersing the soft magnetic micro size particles in the nonmagnetic carrier oils, i.e., mineral oil (MO) and synthetic oil with stabilizing additives. The prominent feature of these fluids is their propensity to the reversible transformation from fluid to semi-solid-state and vice versa within milliseconds under the external magnetic field. The long-time stability and low magnetorheological effect are still considered as one of the most critical problems that need to be solved. There are many methods to resolve this problem, and many researchers are working to improve their stabilization and MR effect. This study reviews the prevalent stabilization techniques, different preparation methods and tribological behaviour of these fluids under an external magnetic field. Additionally, applications of magnetorheological fluid (MRF), rheological models, temperature dependency, current scenarios and future directions are also discussed.
Journal of Advanced Research …, 2010
AbstractIn this research study, microhardness values of silicon nitride ceramics and its composi... more AbstractIn this research study, microhardness values of silicon nitride ceramics and its composites have been obtained by using Vickers and Knoop indenters. Samples of six silicon nitride ceramics were used for this study. These are Si3N4+ Y2O3, Si3N4+ MgO, ...
Engineering Research Express
This study aims at exploring the improvement in extreme pressure (EP) properties with addition of... more This study aims at exploring the improvement in extreme pressure (EP) properties with addition of natural Garlic oil as EP additive. Comparative investigations were conducted on PAO4 base oil, Natural Garlic oil (NGO) and PAO4 + 1 wt% NGO (Natural Garlic Oil) for evaluating the extreme pressure properties. The EP tests were conducted on a four ball tester according to ASTM D 2783. The results revealed that NGO possesses significantly good extreme pressure properties having a weld load of 3087N and load wear index of 513N. The results also revealed that NGO could significantly improve the weld load and load wear index of PAO4 base oil. After adding 1 wt% garlic oil to PAO4 the load wear index increased by 62.51% and weld load increased by 25%. This study proposes garlic oil as a replacement to the use of nano-particles as EP additives and aims to eliminate the disadvantages that are prominent with nano-particles without comprising the performance.
Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2002
Maintainability of mechanical systems based on tribology is suggested and evaluated in this paper... more Maintainability of mechanical systems based on tribology is suggested and evaluated in this paper. Tribo-features of mechanical systems, which characterise maintainability are identified and are modelled in terms of tribo-maintainability digraph. The nodes in the digraph represent the tribo-features and edges represent the degree of influence among the features. A matrix, one to one representation of the digraph, is defined to develop system maintainability expression (SPF-t) based on the tribology. It is also useful in comparing the various design alternatives from tribo-maintainability point of view. Maintainability is evaluated from the tribo-maintainability index, obtained from SPF-t (i.e. permanent of the matrix) by substituting the numerical values of the features and their interdependence. A higher value of the index implies better maintainability of the systems. The proposed methodology also guides designers in enhancing the maintainability of a system by appropriately incorporating tribo-features. An example to illustrate the methodology is also presented.
Jurnal Tribologi, 2017
The target of this review is to explore the fundamental tribological behaviour of graphene, the f... more The target of this review is to explore the fundamental tribological behaviour of graphene, the first existing two-dimensional (2-D) material and evaluate its performance as a self-lubricating material. The importance and potential impact of this new class of material was recognised by the whole scientific community when the Noble prize was awarded to Geim and Konstantin Novoselov for their discovery and development of graphene in 2010. Graphene is the strongest material, chemically and thermally stable, gas-impermeable, and atomically-thin. The fundamental tribological behaviour of graphene and other 2-D materials under sliding conditions is recently being studied. Mainly, the wear of graphene has hardly been investigated. In this paper, the latest developments in tribological applications of graphene, and preparation methods are reviewed. It is shown that various graphene coatings, graphene as lubricant additive and as reinforcement in metal matrix can be successfully employed to ...
Surface Review and Letters
Ti-6Al-4V (an [Formula: see text] titanium alloy) pins were slid against the SS316L disc in a pin... more Ti-6Al-4V (an [Formula: see text] titanium alloy) pins were slid against the SS316L disc in a pin-on-disc apparatus at different temperatures under vacuum and ambient conditions. Tribological characterization was performed using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis and X-ray diffraction. The worn pin surfaces of Ti-6Al-4V were investigated in order to identify the effect of frictional heating at the interface of tribo-pair. To investigate the effects of frictional heating on mechanically mixed layer (MML), experiments were performed under vacuum conditions ([Formula: see text] Torr) by varying the temperature from 25°C to 400°C at a constant sliding speed of 0.01[Formula: see text]ms[Formula: see text] and at constant normal load of 137[Formula: see text]N. The material was found to transfer from the counter-face to the worn pin surface of alloy where an MML and tribo-oxide (TO) layer were observed to developed o...
Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies
International Tribology Conference : 29/10/1990 - 01/11/1990, 1990
American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 1997
The friction and wear characteristics of hot-pressed Si 3 N 4 and its composites with TiC and BN ... more The friction and wear characteristics of hot-pressed Si 3 N 4 and its composites with TiC and BN under reciprocating sliding conditions using a ceramic-steel-ball-bearing tribopair are reported.
This research article focuses on various life cycle engineering (LCE) aspects in the design and d... more This research article focuses on various life cycle engineering (LCE) aspects in the design and development of various systems. Life Cycle Engineering has become the major thrust area for product designers and manufacturers during the past few decades. A methodology (MADM) based on digraph and matrix method for the systematic evaluation of various life cycle engineering issues is presented here. These aspects have been considered as attributes. An index is used to evaluate these attributes and the ideal value of this index is also obtained, which is useful in assessing the relative index value. A step-by-step procedure for evaluation of life cycle engineering aspects is presented and illustrated with the help of an example.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
Polymer nanocomposites are polymeric materials reinforced with various types of nano-materials. O... more Polymer nanocomposites are polymeric materials reinforced with various types of nano-materials. Over last few decades, these materials have drawn a lot of attention particularly as a favorable alternative in extreme condition exposures. Polymer nanocomposites have potential applications in many fields such as automotive, high-barrier food packing films, extremely hard and wear resistant coatings/materials to eco-friendly composites. The main objective of this review article is to give current state-of-the-art of research activities on nanofiller-based-polymer-nanocomposites with particular focus on their application to improve tribological properties. Even an apparently simple object in reality is a technological marvel of nano-engineered materials. For example, a vehicle tyre is generally produced by mixing some specific polymers and nano-fillers. The tribological applications of polymer materials are likely to progress with the practice of polymer nanocomposites being applied to novel uses. The main motivation behind this review is to highlight the key mechanisms governing the effects of reinforcement on the mechanical and tribological behavior of polymer nanocomposites. It is observed that the improvement of one feature or characteristic may not interpret an enrichment of the other properties associated with the system. However, it is significant to comprehend the diverse elements or aspects accountable for performance of the material. To summarize, this overview presents basics of the complexities in the mechanical and tribological behaviour of polymer nanocomposites.
Materials Today: Proceedings, 2019
This study presents the effect of load on friction and wear behaviour of 23-8N valve-steel agains... more This study presents the effect of load on friction and wear behaviour of 23-8N valve-steel against GGG-60 cast-iron under non-lubricated sliding conditions, at ambient temperature. Coefficient of friction (m) was observed to decline steadily with test duration for all tests with salient running-in behaviour discerned at room temperature. This continuous decrement was attributed to the compaction of the glazed layer. The study found that the average value of coefficient of friction showed an increasing trend as the load was increased, as predicted by Amonton's law of friction. The weight loss incurred in the seat material was found to increase with increasing value of load, which follows Archard's wear-relation.
International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering, 2018
The tribological behaviour of 60 wt. % bronze filled PTFE sliding against AISI 420 stainless stee... more The tribological behaviour of 60 wt. % bronze filled PTFE sliding against AISI 420 stainless steel in ambient air, distilled water and sea water was investigated. The experiments were conducted on a pin on disc tribometer at room temperature at a normal load of 10N. The bronze filled PTFE showed superior tribological performance in sea water as compared to distilled water and dry sliding. The lowest average coefficient of friction (0.045) and lowest specific wear rate (1.10 × 10-5 mm 3 /Nm) were observed under sea water environment. Surface morphological and surface analytical studies were conducted using optical microscopy, SEM, EDS and 3D surface profilometer to reveal wear mechanisms. From profilometric traces of counterface, it was observed that there was no increase in the surface roughness of the counterface after sliding against bronze filled PTFE in sea water and hence indirect corrosive wear is not the dominant wear mechanism.
Journal of Tribology, 2017
Electrical analogy has been used extensively in modeling various mechanical systems such as therm... more Electrical analogy has been used extensively in modeling various mechanical systems such as thermal, hydraulic, and other dynamic systems. However, wear modeling of a tribosystem using electrical analogy has not been reported so far. In this paper, an equivalent electrical analogous system is proposed to represent the wear process. An analogous circuit is developed by mapping the wear process parameters to that of the electrical parameters. The circuit, thus, developed is solved by conventional electrical circuit theory. The material properties and operating conditions are taken into account by model parameters. Accordingly, a model equation in terms of model parameters is developed to represent the wear rate. It is also demonstrated how this methodology can be used to take various system parameters into account by incorporating the equivalent resistance of the parameters. The nonlinear model parameters are evaluated by Gauss–Newton (GN) algorithm. The proposed model is validated by...
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Papers by Prof Mohammad Farooq Wani