Wahid Rajeh

University of Tabuk, Computer Science, Faculty Member

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Ghassan Hamarneh

Simon Fraser University

University of Oxford

Victoria University

University of Galway

Boston University

University of the Western Cape

Lisa Gualtieri

Tufts University

Roshan Chitrakar

Nepal College of Information Technology

Lev Manovich

Graduate Center of the City University of New York

Omid Pournik

Iran University of Medical Sciences

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Papers by Wahid Rajeh

6G Connected Vehicle Framework to Support Intelligent Road Maintenance Using Deep Learning Data Fusion

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems

HMI Development Automation with GUI Elements for Object-Oriented Programming Languages Implementation

International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology

Decision Support System: Towards constructing a secure decisions bank

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 23, 2022

In business environment, the case could be highly uncertain, or ambiguity which makes decision ma... more In business environment, the case could be highly uncertain, or ambiguity which makes decision making process is strenuous. Therefore, creating a Decision Support System (DSS) to deal with this complexity is significant. In this paper, a DSSs bank has been suggested, where a decision maker select a decision from group of suitable provided decisions. First Order Logic (FOL) has been used for modeling and validating the proposed bank. Four FOL rules have been presented and explained to validate this proposed decisions bank.

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Privacy-Preserving E-Voting System Supporting Score Voting Using Blockchain

Applied Sciences

With the advancement of cyber threats, blockchain technology has evolved to have a significant ro... more With the advancement of cyber threats, blockchain technology has evolved to have a significant role in providing secure and reliable decentralized applications. One of these applications is a remote voting system that allow voters to participate in elections remotely. This work proposes a privacy-preserving e-voting system supporting score voting using blockchain technology. The main challenge with score voting compared to the regular yes/no voting approach is that a voter is allowed to assign a score from a defined range for each candidate. To preserve privacy, votes shall be encrypted before submission to the Blockchain, however, a malicious voter can modify the score value before encrypting it to manipulate the elections result for the favor of a certain candidate. To address this challenge, the proposed scheme allows voters to first prove that the submitted score lies in the predefined range before the vote is added to the Blockchain to ensure fairness of the election. The perfo...

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Exercise Mediated Improvements in Insulin Sensitivity and Metabolic Flexibility Are Not Inhibited by a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings, 2018

A family history of diabetes (FH+) is considered a risk factor for the development of insulin res... more A family history of diabetes (FH+) is considered a risk factor for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, it is not known whether exercise induced improvement in insulin sensitivity (IS) and metabolic flexibility (MF) are impacted by a FH+, compared to those without (FH-). PURPOSE: To determine if a FH+ limits exercise induced improvements in IS, MF, body composition, and strength following an 8-week combined aerobic and resistance training intervention. METHODS: 20 sedentary, normoglycemic, Mexican-American males underwent 8-weeks of combined exercise training 3 times/week (35-min aerobic & 45-min resistance training/session). A controlled diet was provided 5 days before pre/post intervention tests. IS was assessed by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. MF was assessed by change in respiratory quotient (ΔRQ) at the insulin stimulated state of the clamp compared to the fasted state. Body composition was measured using DXA. Upper/lower body strength were measured by 1 repetition maximum bench press and leg strength dynamometer. RESULTS: IS significantly improved in both groups (FH-3.05±0.25 to 3.74±0.29ml/kg estimated metabolic body size (EMBS), p=0.05; FH+ 3.53±0.46 to 4.83±0.51ml/kg EMBS; p=0.006). MF significantly improved in both groups (FH-0.72±0.009 to 0.78±0.008, p=0.0006; FH+ 0.71±0.01 to 0.81±0.02, p=0.0001). Fat free mass significantly improved in both groups (FH-55.62±2.19 to 57.71±2.06kg, p=0.02; FH+ 51.77±1.95 to 53.45±1.79kg, p=0.0002) Upper body strength p=0.00001; FH+ 145.45±15.55 to 178.00±16.75lb, p=0.00001) and lower body strength (FH-360.00±29.13 to 417.00±24.64lb, p=0.007; FH+ 346.36±20.63 to 419.50±15.99lb, p=0.00003) significantly increased in both groups. Degrees of improvement in IS was not different between groups (FH-28.2±12.13% vs. FH+ 41.66±11.87%; p>0.05). CONCLUSION: FH+ is not a limiting factor for exercise induced improvements in IS, MF, body composition, and strength in normoglycemic Mexican Americans.

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Mobility Support for Reduced-State Routing

2022 2nd International Conference on Computing and Information Technology (ICCIT), 2022

We propose a protocol to support mobility on a local scale using Reduced-State Routing (RSR). We ... more We propose a protocol to support mobility on a local scale using Reduced-State Routing (RSR). We are expanding upon the use of geographic coordinates in RSR to forward packets destined for a mobile node through geo-multicasting its subsequent access point connections that are within some geographic proximity. After describing the details of our protocol, we demonstrate through simulation that our approach for accommodating mobile nodes provides source transparency unlike Mobile-IP. Therefore, by extending RSR to better support mobile networks, we bring this protocol closer for wide use in the Internet.

An Integrated Authentication Scheme for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System Based on Quantum Key Distribution

2022 2nd International Conference on Computing and Information Technology (ICCIT), 2022

The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) is a combined system of elements of hardware... more The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) is a combined system of elements of hardware and software that is used for controlling industrial processes either remotely or locally. It also useful for monitoring, gathering and processing real time data, and directly interacting with different electronic as well as integrated devices such as valves, pumps, motors, and sensors. Over the years, it has become increasingly interconnected with the internet, making it vulnerable to cyber threats. In order to contain the system's internet attacks, various methods have been used, especially the encryption techniques such as symmetric and asymmetric approaches as well as the decoy SCADA method. However, with the arrival more advanced security threats such as those based on quantum computing, there is a need to introduce security measures that can neutralize such threats. One promising method is quantum cryptography, which is an encryption technique based on quantum mechanics theories. In this study, a quantum-cryptography-based algorithm is proposed. It is based on the QKD and hash-based signature scheme, which act as key generators and authenticators respectively. In order to evaluate the algorithm's performance, it is subjected to a random substitute and intercept resend attack. Using the probabilistic model checker tool, the probability of succumbing to the two attacks is checked. The results show that the algorithm would significantly improve SCADA's resistance against quantum and classical cyber threats.

A Comprehensive Modelling and Simulation Validation for Distributed PV Array System

2019 3rd International Conference on Circuits, System and Simulation (ICCSS), 2019

Solar energy has been considered as one of the promising energy sources. The construction of the ... more Solar energy has been considered as one of the promising energy sources. The construction of the solar photovoltaic (PV) plants has brought modelling issues. The accurate and efficient full system model is crucial for performance evaluation. Most of the existing theoretical studies focus on partial modelling and there are not many studies focus on full system modelling. The main aim of this paper is to provide a realistic mathematical modelling for the major system components for precise performance assessment. Firstly, the system is tested under different solar irradiance levels and constant ambient temperature for the constant load. Secondly, the system is tested at low irradiance level and maintaining a constant ambient temperature for different loads. The results of the system models under the different testing conditions precisely draw the system behavior based on the mathematical expression. The proposed models accurately disclosure the system behavior under different working conditions. The results also have provided a realistic and efficient system performance evaluation. Comparing the results of the system behaviour under different working conditions with and without battery storage, using battery storage has shown better system power reliability.

Naming Convention Scheme for Role Based Access Control in Cloud Based ERP Platforms

Information Science and Applications 2017, 2017

Cloud computing users can use at the same time the same cloud service. So, there is a need for ha... more Cloud computing users can use at the same time the same cloud service. So, there is a need for having an access control mechanism to ensure that each user cannot access any sensitive data of other users. Several access control models have been proposed for cloud computing. However, these models need to be efficient and scalable due to increased workload (e.g., users, policies, etc.) in the cloud. This paper presents a role based access control model (RBAC) for cloud computing based on naming convention (NC) concept. The WSLA specification language is used for SLAs specification. A naming convention role based access control (NC-RBAC) is presented by modifying the standard RBAC to support the NC. Then, the proposed framework is designed based on the NC-RBAC to offer a simplified designed for the system administration of security in a large institution where there are many users is challenging to control access to resources. The proposed framework is implemented and its efficiency and scalability are measured using an experiment study. The result shows that the proposed framework provides an efficient and scalable access control for cloud computing while provides an administrator with an efficient and simple search method for classifying the cloud users.

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A novel three-tier SQLi detection and mitigation scheme for cloud environments

2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (ICECOS), 2017

Cloud computing is undoubtedly considered one of the most discussed topics in recent times, both ... more Cloud computing is undoubtedly considered one of the most discussed topics in recent times, both in the research and business sectors. Various schools of thought have attempted to provide a fitting definition from many aspects. This computing paradigm can be defined as a web-based computing model designed to allow both off-site storage and easy data and digital file sharing. The SQL injection, which is certainly one of the top ranking vulnerabilities in cloud systems, is addressed in this paper. Also, a novel three-tier system for detection and mitigation of SQLi attacks is proposed. The methodology is involved over dynamic, static and runtime prevention and detection mechanisms. Moreover, it removes malicious queries and ensures the system is prepared for an environment that is secure despite being focused on the database server only. For the three-tier architecture, the first approach involves detection and prevention that follows the client logic access and data server (three-tie...

Saudi cloud infrastructure: a security analysis

Science China Information Sciences, 2017

The growing demand and dependence upon cloud services have garnered an increasing level of threat... more The growing demand and dependence upon cloud services have garnered an increasing level of threat to user data and security. Some of such critical web and cloud platforms have become constant targets for persistent malicious attacks that attempt to breach security protocol and access user data and information in an unauthorized manner. While some of such security compromises may result from insider data and access leaks, a substantial proportion continues to remain attributed to security flaws that may exist within the core web technologies with which such critical infrastructure and services are developed. This paper explores the direct impact and significance of security in the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) through a case study that covers some 70 public domain web and cloud platforms within Saudi Arabia. Additionally, the major sources of security vulnerabilities within the target platforms as well as the major factors that drive and influence them are presented and discussed through experimental evaluation. The paper reports some of the core sources of security flaws within such critical infrastructure by implementation with automated security auditing and manual static code analysis. The work also proposes some effective approaches, both automated and manual, through which security can be ensured through-out the SDLC and safeguard user data integrity within the cloud.

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Hadoop Distributed File System Security Challenges and Examination of Unauthorized Access Issue

Journal of Information Security, 2022

Hadoop technology is followed by some security issues. At its beginnings, developers paid attenti... more Hadoop technology is followed by some security issues. At its beginnings, developers paid attention to the development of basic functionalities mostly, and proposal of security components was not of prime interest. Because of that, the technology remained vulnerable to malicious activities of unauthorized users whose purpose is to endanger system functionalities or to compromise private user data. Researchers and developers are continuously trying to solve these issues by upgrading Hadoop's security mechanisms and preventing undesirable malicious activities. In this paper, the most common HDFS security problems and a review of unauthorized access issues are presented. First, Hadoop mechanism and its main components are described as the introduction part of the leading research problem. Then, HDFS architecture is given, and all including components and functionalities are introduced. Further, all possible types of users are listed with an accent on unauthorized users, which are of great importance for the paper. One part of the research is dedicated to the consideration of Hadoop security levels, environment and user assessments. The review also includes an explanation of Log Monitoring and Audit features, and detail consideration of authorization and authentication issues. Possible consequences of unauthorized access to a system are covered, and a few recommendations for solving problems of unauthorized access are offered. Honeypot nodes, security mechanisms for collecting valuable information about malicious parties, are presented in the last part of the paper. Finally, the idea for developing a new type of Intrusion Detector, which will be based on using an artificial neural network, is presented. The detector will be an integral part of a new kind of virtual honeypot mechanism and represents the initial base for future scientific work of authors.

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The Feasibility of Implementing a Secure C2C Credit Scoring Platform

The continuous development of social media and online commerce, which permeates all aspects of ou... more The continuous development of social media and online commerce, which permeates all aspects of our lives, leads to the need for a similar mechanism similar to the financial credit score in traditional business. Also, a realistic classification of users through social media to be used in all aspects of the relation-ships between users and some of them or between them and organizations is needed. In this article a new metrics to classify users according to their creditworthiness of the transactions that take place through the Internet is established. The object from this aricle design a social credit system model (SCSM) based on these new metrics. How to deal on the Internet, attacking people on social media, violating the privacy of people and others. Also Buying and selling operations, executing purchase and sale orders, paying amounts of money easily and quickly, and so on. These data and their degree of importance were determined according to several questionnaires directed to sev...