Papers by Dwi Noverini Djenar
Reference: From Conventions to Pragmatics, edited by Laure Gardelle, Laurence Vincent-Durroux, Helene Vinckel-Roisin, pp. 185-210. Amsterdam: John Benjamins., 2023
This chapter explores the ways in which referring to the self and the addressee-or interlocutor r... more This chapter explores the ways in which referring to the self and the addressee-or interlocutor reference-by means of pronouns, kin terms or other nouns, accomplishes more than simple referring. Focusing on interlocutor reference in argumentative contexts, the study proposes that referring overtly, i.e., by means of referring forms rather than null expressions, appears to be an emerging convention in Indonesian political argumentation. Data from Indonesian political interviews are analysed to show how participants employ overt reference in the service of claiming knowledge about the states of affairs or the addressee's cognitive state, positioning the speaker as the party responsible for claims and assertions, and eliciting an aligning response from the addressee.
Discourse & Society, 2024
This article discusses the ways in which participants in Indonesian political interviews address ... more This article discusses the ways in which participants in Indonesian political interviews address and refer to each other. Drawing on Raymond Williams’s concept ‘structures of feeling’, it proposes levelling and differentiation as mechanisms by which interview participants orient to a common feeling. Levelling and differentiation form a dialectical process characterised by tension that emerges through positioning of the self and the addressee relative to social categories and social orders. Such positioning involves exploiting the semantic contrast between kin terms, which denote relationality, and pronouns, which individuate, in addition to mobilising other linguistic resources including names and titles. The article suggests that the differentiation made between how those in the highest office and politicians below them are addressed and referred to is indexical of a shared consciousness about the relevance of rank.
Wacana: Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia, Oct 1, 2010
This article examines uses of Indonesian third person singular pronouns ia and dia in news report... more This article examines uses of Indonesian third person singular pronouns ia and dia in news reports. It takes as its departure point the general account of the pronouns which specifies that ia can occur only in subject position, while dia can occur in subject or object position. The article shows that, although both pronouns can occur in subject position, they differ distributionally and functionally. Ia occurs almost three times as frequently as dia and predominates in subject position, while dia occurs mostly in non-subject position. Ia is primarily used to convey the notion that the referent is a reliable and authoritative source of information and to focus on the referent as an agent or protagonist who is initiating or performing some action or a series of actions. By contrast, dia tends to be selected for contexts in which the referent is presented as a speaker who is elaborating on what has been said previously rather than introducing a new point. The predominance of ia in news report accords with its characterization as a pronoun strongly associated with formal registers.
National University of Singapore Press eBooks, Mar 10, 2023
National University of Singapore Press eBooks, Mar 10, 2023
Oceanic Linguistics, 2006
ABSTRACT This paper examines the assumption that the function of compound prepositions in Indones... more ABSTRACT This paper examines the assumption that the function of compound prepositions in Indonesian (e.g., di atas 'on top of', ke dalam 'into') is to add specificity. It is argued that, although compounds indeed serve this semantic function, they are not limited to it. Based on a study of a corpus of spoken and written Indonesian, it is shown that in many instances compounds do not add any semantic information other than what is expressible by their simple form counterparts. Compounds may be used simply to render explicit what is inferable from general knowledge. It is further argued that compounds are a marked category. Their distribution tends to be correlated with medium and type of discourse. In addition, as the more explicit or marked member of the simple/compound opposition, compounds serve a similar anaphoric function to full NPs. They can be considered as nonnominal markers that track locations and serve a number of other discourse functions, which include confirming a previously mentioned location, adding an affective dimension to an utterance, and marking discourse transitions. Compounds are therefore claimed to be multifunctional; and while in some instances either the semantic or pragmatic function predominates, in other instances both functions interact to produce the desired interpretation.
Language and Literature, May 1, 2015
This article explores new functions served by language varieties in fiction. Focusing our analysi... more This article explores new functions served by language varieties in fiction. Focusing our analysis on two types of texts in Indonesian-teen fiction and comics-we examine the interplay between standard and colloquial varieties to show how they are used together with non-verbal elements to promote youthful involvement. We identify three ways in which involvement is created in the texts: through free indirect discourse, non-verbal cues, and the gradual building of empathy indicated by shifting perspectives. We show that shifts from narrator's to character's perspective are shifts in alignment. By shifting to colloquial language, the narrator aligns their perspective with that of both the character and the reader, thus blurring the divisions between them. Nonverbal cues can also signal a shift in narrator roles, from a teller to a keen commentator and interlocutor who directly addresses the reader and invites them to share story-world experience. The frequent shifts between varieties represent a new style of writing which gives salience to the role of narrator as agent with a double persona: an anonymous agent who tells the reader about the characters in relation to the unfolding events, and an agent-participant who makes their presence known to the reader through direct address and evaluative commentary.
South East Asia Research, Mar 1, 2012
Teenlit, a genre of popular literature for adolescents, was introduced to Indonesia around the be... more Teenlit, a genre of popular literature for adolescents, was introduced to Indonesia around the beginning of the last decade and almost immediately attracted a large readership consisting predominantly of female adolescents. Its rapid rise has invited both favourable and hostile reactions from observers. Sympathetic literary critics view young people's attraction to it as a positive process towards the development of a healthy reading and writing habit. Meanwhile, hostile critics consider it as nothing more than light fiction containing questionable moral values, written in an unacceptable style. This article examines a representative example of such criticisms as a platform for discussing the relationship between the relatively new genre of adolescent literature and the wider context of language change. It seeks to show that hostility towards teenlit reflects a concern for the maintenance of standard Indonesian as the language of literature amid a rapidly changing language situation in which a major colloquial variety of Indonesian has been gaining prominence and encroaching on domains prescriptively associated with the standard variety, such as written literature. The negative reaction is also an assertion of an idealized view of literature, which holds that the function of adolescent fiction is to educate readers on the aesthetic function of language and sound moral values. The author demonstrates that this concern arises against the backdrop of a socio-political climate in which the state, having long exerted control over language use and language development, gradually ceases to be perceived as the sole authority on language. As such, it is an articulation of a desire to safeguard the existence of a linguistic authority.
Routledge eBooks, Nov 13, 2019
De Gruyter eBooks, Dec 31, 2015
This chapter discusses the relationship between language, identity, and communities of practice (... more This chapter discusses the relationship between language, identity, and communities of practice (Wenger 1998) as it is in our participation in communities of practice, through the use of language and other modes of communication, that identities are both created and recognized by others (Gee 2000; Blommaert 2005). A number of examples are given to illustrate this. In particular, the chapter considers representations of Kylie Kwong, an Asian-Australian celebrity chef, and the roles and identities that are ascribed to her as she "does" being a celebrity chef. The chapter also discusses the case of Australian-born Princess Mary of Denmark who has very successfully "become" a royal princess through the deployment of a range of semiotic resources, styles (Bucholtz 2009, 2011, this volume; Bucholtz and Hall 2005) and modes of communication as acts of identity (Le Page and Tabouret-Keller 1985). The chapter includes a discussion of Conchita Wurst, the 2014 winner of the Eurovision song contest, as an illustration of the role of others in the process of identity reception and ascription. 2 Language and identity Most recent work on language and identity has taken a perspective that sees identity as something that is in constant process. A person's identity, as Cameron (2001: 170) argues: is not something fixed, stable, and unitary that they acquire early in life and possess forever afterwards. Rather identity is shifting and multiple, something people are continually constructing and reconstructing in their encounters with each other in the world. Our identities are further developed as we increase our participation in particular communities of practice (
Melbourne Asia review, Aug 16, 2021
Indonesian has been claimed to be a relatively easy language to learn for native speakers of Engl... more Indonesian has been claimed to be a relatively easy language to learn for native speakers of English, partly because it also uses the Roman alphabet. According to the US Department of State's Foreign Service Institute, it takes approximately 36 weeks or 900 hours to achieve 'Professional Working Proficiency' in Indonesian, compared to 'exceptionally difficult' languages such as Mandarin Chinese and Japanese, which take approximately 88 weeks or 2,200 hours to achieve a comparable level of proficiency. Yet, there is a seemingly simple aspect of Indonesian that eludes learners: how to say 'you' to an addressee. Like western European languages such as French, German, Spanish and Italian, Indonesian has more than one form of 'you', but unlike these languages and more akin to other languages in East Asia and Southeast Asia, it also has multiple forms for 'I' and these are not limited to pronouns. Kin terms from various Indonesian and foreign languages, titles, and names are widely employed. I will focus on the question of 'you' in Indonesian. Deciding which 'you' form to use is not always easy for Indonesian language learners because in any given conversation, a speaker needs to consider who their addressee is in relation to them and on what kind of occasion they are speaking. The pervasive use of kin terms, titles and names in Indonesian poses a particular challenge for
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 19, 2019
Language and Literature, May 1, 2013
like? section, beginning p. 66), in the fictional accounts (while discussing Dexter and the ‘spec... more like? section, beginning p. 66), in the fictional accounts (while discussing Dexter and the ‘special ethics’ he enjoys with his audience, pp. 113–119), and in her masterful analysis of From Hell (p. 129–163). Also, in the light of recent mass murders in Norway and France, other manipulated attributes directly speak to ideology. For instance, other processes need to be considered, such as how culture, religion, race, relationship with eros and the political, mental health and disability discourses, state and the affective economies involved impact on serial killer ideology. These have not been highlighted in the schema proposed, and could benefit any future explorations of the subject. Nevertheless, Gregoriou’s contribution to linguistics through the analyses of ideology and identity in serial killer narratives is ground-breaking for one other important reason. Gregoriou proves, in her painstaking research, that regardless of fiction, fact or function, language deserves our attention in understanding the human condition. How the human condition in these extraordinary – albeit, more often than not, banal – dimensions is represented and simulated is truly revelatory for the academy and the societies involved.
This article introduces the contributions in this volume by situating 'youth language' within the... more This article introduces the contributions in this volume by situating 'youth language' within the approach of language use as a social practice. It argues that a study of Indonesian and Malaysian youth language must begin with the assumption that multiple languages, varieties and registers form part of the usual pool of resources that youth call upon in interaction. The article points out with regard to the Indonesian youth register, bahasa gaul, that although the register is at times viewed negatively, the different forms of its uptake suggest that it is also considered as an opportunity to engage with youth.
Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University eBooks, 2007
Table of contents List of figures viii Acknowledgments ix Abbreviations and transcription symbols... more Table of contents List of figures viii Acknowledgments ix Abbreviations and transcription symbols x Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 The prepositions and their interchangeability This work is a revised version of my doctoral dissertation. I would like to thank my supervisors, Nick Evans and Lesley Stirling, who contributed in significant ways to the shaping of this work. Nick's enthusiasm, energy, and insights as a linguist have encouraged me enormously. Lesley has sustained me with her gentle criticisms and invaluable suggestions, for which I will always be grateful. I wish to thank Sander Adelaar for his comments on earlier drafts of this work and for his encouragement in getting this work published. I am grateful to Anita Ray and Greg Bailey for explaining the meanings of Sanskrit terms and for pointing me to relevant references, to the Melbourne Austronesian seminar group for stimulating discussions, and to Michael Ewing for allowing me to use his spoken data. I also wish to thank Hubert Cuyckens and two anonymous readers for their comments and critique of the earlier version of this work. The following people have kindly allowed me to tape their conversations and lectures to be used as data for this study:
Pragmatics & beyond, Jul 23, 2019
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 2008
Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, 2006
Colloquial Indonesian has two pronouns for addressing friends of a similar age or younger persons... more Colloquial Indonesian has two pronouns for addressing friends of a similar age or younger persons, namely kamu and elu (or its variants, lu, elo, and lo). This article examines variation in the use of these terms by two pairs of teenagers involved in romantic relationships. Based on data from contemporary fictional narratives, it suggests that both terms can signal distance and unfamiliarity as well as closeness and intimacy. The article shows that term shifts correlate with changes in the relationships, as marked by conflicts or intimacy. It argues that the shifts reflect the individuals' continual assessment and reassessment of their position within the relationships. It also suggests that the shifts indicate the individuals' understanding of the differences in the terms' expressive values, as well as their personal intent and social orientations. Address choice is thus dynamic in that shifts parallel changes in an individual's relationship with an interlocutor.
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Papers by Dwi Noverini Djenar
Terms used by speakers to refer to themselves and their interlocutors form one of the ways that language expresses, defines, and creates a field for working out social relations. Because this field of study in sociolinguistics historically has focused on Indo-European languages, it has tended to dwell on references to the addressee—for example, the choice between tu and vous when addressing someone in French. This book uses the study of Southeast Asian languages to theorize interlocutor reference more broadly, significantly deepening our understanding of the ways in which self-other relations are linguistically mediated in social interaction. As the authors explain, Southeast Asian systems exceed in complexity and nuance the well-described cases of Europe in two basic ways. First, in many languages of Southeast Asia, a speaker must select an appropriate reference form not only for other/addressee but also for self/speaker. Second, in these languages, in addition to pronouns, speakers draw upon a range of common and proper nouns including names, kin terms, and titles, in referring to themselves and the addressee. Acts of interlocutor reference, therefore, inevitably do more than simply identify the speaker and addressee; they also convey information about the proposed relation between interlocutors. Bringing together studies from both small-scale and large, urbanized communities across Mainland and Insular Southeast Asia, this is an important contribution to the regional linguistic and anthropological literature.
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