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Dave Pape

University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Department of Media Study, Faculty Member

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National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

University of Arizona

Athens School of Fine Arts

Francisco Felip

Universitat Jaume I de Castelló

Marina Puyuelo Cazorla

University of Illinois at Chicago

Laia Pujol-Tost

Pompeu Fabra University

Athanasios Gaitatzes

University of Tirana, Albania

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Papers by Dave Pape

Abstract Virtual Heritage at iGrid 2000

environments – "Virtual Harlem " and "Shared Miletus". The purpose of these a... more environments – "Virtual Harlem " and "Shared Miletus". The purpose of these applications was to explore possibilities in using the combination of high-speed international networks and virtual reality (VR) displays for cultural heritage education. Our ultimate goal is to enable the construction of tele-immersive museums and classes. In this paper we present an overview of the infrastructure used for these applications, and some details of their construction.

Video-Based Measurement of System Latency

We describe an end-to-end latency measurement method for virtual environments. The method incorpo... more We describe an end-to-end latency measurement method for virtual environments. The method incorporates a video camera to record both a physical controller and the corresponding virtual cursor at the same time. The end-to-end latency can be concluded based on the analysis of the playback of the videotape. The only hardware necessary is a standard interlaced NTSC video camera and a video recorder that can display individual video fields. We describe an example of analyzing the effect of different hardware and software configurations upon the system latency. The example shows that the method is effective and easy to implement. 1. Introduction This paper describes a simple to implement method for measuring end-to-end system latency in projection based virtual environments such as CAVEs and ImmersaDesks [Cruz93]. Interactivity is an essential feature of virtual reality systems. System end-to-end latency, or lag, is one of the most important problems limiting the quality of a virtual...

Developing the PARIS: Using the CAVE to Prototype a New VR Display

The PARIS (Personal Augmented Reality Immersive System) is a new VR display device that was first... more The PARIS (Personal Augmented Reality Immersive System) is a new VR display device that was first prototyped as a virtual device in a CAVE, to aid in the development process. This initial prototyping in VR allowed the designers to save time and money, and to garner valuable feedback from prospective users, before finally committing the design to hardware. 1. Introduction The Electronic Visualization Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Chicago has developed several projection -based VR devices including the CAVE [1], the ImmersaDesk [2], and its successor the ImmersaDesk 2. Our recent work has focused on smaller desktop systems, such as the prototype for the plasma-display based ImmersaDesk 3 [4]. See Figure 1. All of these projection -based displays suffer from occlusion of the image by your hand or interaction device -- which can cause slight visual disorientation when trying to interact with nearby virtual objects. As an augmented reality device, the goal of the PARIS is t...

Quality Evaluation of Projection-Based VR Displays

We present a collection of heuristics and simple tests for evaluating the quality of a projection... more We present a collection of heuristics and simple tests for evaluating the quality of a projection-based virtual reality display. A typical VR system includes numerous potential sources of error. By understanding the characteristics of a correctly working system, and the types of errors that are likely to occur, users can quickly determine if their display is inaccurate and what components may need correction. Introduction Typical virtual reality systems include many elements which must be configured and functioning correctly to provide an accurate virtual world simulation. Some of these parts, such as electromagnetic trackers and CRT projection displays, are prone to errors. VR researchers may often be willing to accept some errors, because it's a research system. Real-world end users, however, will expect systems to operate correctly. Corporations such as Caterpillar and General Motors are using VR in prototyping new products (Lehner and DeFanti, 1997; Smith, 1996). They need...

Building a VR narrative

In this paper we discuss issues involved in creating art and cultural heritage projects in Virtua... more In this paper we discuss issues involved in creating art and cultural heritage projects in Virtual Reality with particular reference to one interactive narrative, 'The Thing Growing'. In the first section we will briefly discuss the potential of VR as a medium for the production of art and the interpretation of culture. In the second section we describe 'The Thing Growing' project. In the third section we discuss building an interactive narrative in VR using XP, an authoring system we designed to simplify the process of producing projects in VR. In the fourth section we will discus some issues involved in presenting art and cultural heritage projects in VR.

Virtual Heritage at iGrid 2000

As part of the iGrid Research Demonstration at INET 2000, we created two Virtual Cultural Heritag... more As part of the iGrid Research Demonstration at INET 2000, we created two Virtual Cultural Heritage environments – "Virtual Harlem" and "Shared Miletus". The purpose of these applications was to explore possibilities in using the combination of high-speed international networks and virtual reality (VR) displays for cultural heritage education. Our ultimate goal is to enable the construction of tele-immersive museums and classes. In this paper we present an overview of the infrastructure used for these applications, and some details of their construction.

XP: An Authoring System for Immersive Art Exhibitions

In this paper we describe a software system for building interactive virtual environments, partic... more In this paper we describe a software system for building interactive virtual environments, particularly ones for virtual reality art works. It is meant to allow teams composed of experienced programmers and non-programming designers to work together on projects. It is an object-oriented framework, built upon existing toolkits for VR, real-time graphics, and audio. A number of common application features and tools are provided, simplifying world creation.

The Provoking Thing: A VR Relationship

The Thing Growing is a CAVE ® virtual reality artwork designed to promote an emotional relationsh... more The Thing Growing is a CAVE ® virtual reality artwork designed to promote an emotional relationship between a user and a computer−controlled character, the Thing. The application uses literary and dramatic techniques to form a context for the growth of the relationship and as the basis for the construction of the computer character’s intelligence.

Building an affordable projective, immersive display

ACM SIGGRAPH 2002 conference abstracts and applications on - SIGGRAPH '02, 2002

Immersive, interactive virtual reality is a tool with hypothetically limitless uses. However, so ... more Immersive, interactive virtual reality is a tool with hypothetically limitless uses. However, so far it has been put to serious use primarily in technical application areas such as computational science, automotive engineering, and chemical exploration. Groups working in these fields often have large budgets and can afford expensive, advanced displays. VR should also be of value to schools and museums, but most of them have much smaller budgets than major research labs, or are not able to support high-end graphics workstations. A simple, affordable, projection based display system can make VR far more accessible. In schools, displays could be put into individual classrooms and not just a central computer lab. In the museum world, small institutions would be capable of showing cutting edge digital work that previously has been restricted to a few large museums. This workshop describes the construction of a single screen, passive stereo, VR display based on commodity, or otherwise low-cost, components. There are many options available for the major elements of such a system and the basic system can be modified or adapted to many different styles of use. Figure 1 shows a photo of such a system in use at the University at Buffalo.

Human trials intermedia performance

ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Research posters on - SIGGRAPH '06, 2006

The ImmersaDesk and Infinity Wall projection-based virtual reality displays

ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, 1997

Virtual reality (VR) can be defined as interactive computer graphics that provides viewer-centere... more Virtual reality (VR) can be defined as interactive computer graphics that provides viewer-centered perspective, large field of view and stereo. Head-mounted displays (HMDs) and BOOMs™ achieve these features with small display screens which move with the viewer, close to the viewer's eyes. Projection-based displays [3, 7], supply these characteristics by placing large, fixed screens more distant from the viewer. The Electronic Visualization Laboratory (EVL) of the University of Illinois at Chicago has specialized in projection-based VR systems. EVL's projection-based VR display, the CAVE™ [2], premiered at the SIGGRAPH 92 conference.In this article we present two new, CAVE-derived, projection-based VR displays developed at EVL: the ImmersaDesk™ and the Infinity Wall™, a VR version of the PowerWall [9]. We describe the different requirements which led to their design, and compare these systems to other VR devices.

The Trial The Trail

Collaborative virtual environments art exhibition

Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems XII, 2005

PsychoDrama in VR

In this paper, we describe narrative and ludic structures that support interactive drama in immer... more

Workshop: VR for public consumption

IEEE Virtual Reality 2004, 2004

The agent takes the stage

International Journal of Arts and Technology, 2009

Developing the paris: Using the cave to prototype a new vr display

Proceedings of IPT …, 2000

The PARIS (Personal Augmented Reality Immersive System) is a new VR display device that was first... more

XP: An Authoring System for Immersive Art Exhibitions

Proceedings of VSMM'98, 1998

Many artists are interested in creating virtual reality art pieces but are daunted by the complex... more

Virtual heritage at iGrid 2000

the proceedings of INET, Jun 5, 2001

As part of the iGrid Research Demonstration at INET 2000, we created two Virtual Cultural Heritag... more As part of the iGrid Research Demonstration at INET 2000, we created two Virtual Cultural Heritage environments–" Virtual Harlem" and" Shared Miletus". The purpose of these applications was to explore possibilities in using the combination of high-speed international networks and virtual reality (VR) displays for cultural heritage education. Our ultimate goal is to enable the construction of tele-immersive museums and classes. In this paper we present an overview of the infrastructure used for these applications, and some ...

Technologies for Virtual Reality/Tele-Immersion Applications: Issues of Research in Image Display and Global Networking

Frontiers of Human-Centered Computing, Online Communities and Virtual Environments, 2001

Table of Contents allowing very inexpensive and lightweight glasses to be incorporated, an import... more

Abstract Virtual Heritage at iGrid 2000

environments – "Virtual Harlem " and "Shared Miletus". The purpose of these a... more environments – "Virtual Harlem " and "Shared Miletus". The purpose of these applications was to explore possibilities in using the combination of high-speed international networks and virtual reality (VR) displays for cultural heritage education. Our ultimate goal is to enable the construction of tele-immersive museums and classes. In this paper we present an overview of the infrastructure used for these applications, and some details of their construction.

Video-Based Measurement of System Latency

We describe an end-to-end latency measurement method for virtual environments. The method incorpo... more We describe an end-to-end latency measurement method for virtual environments. The method incorporates a video camera to record both a physical controller and the corresponding virtual cursor at the same time. The end-to-end latency can be concluded based on the analysis of the playback of the videotape. The only hardware necessary is a standard interlaced NTSC video camera and a video recorder that can display individual video fields. We describe an example of analyzing the effect of different hardware and software configurations upon the system latency. The example shows that the method is effective and easy to implement. 1. Introduction This paper describes a simple to implement method for measuring end-to-end system latency in projection based virtual environments such as CAVEs and ImmersaDesks [Cruz93]. Interactivity is an essential feature of virtual reality systems. System end-to-end latency, or lag, is one of the most important problems limiting the quality of a virtual...

Developing the PARIS: Using the CAVE to Prototype a New VR Display

The PARIS (Personal Augmented Reality Immersive System) is a new VR display device that was first... more The PARIS (Personal Augmented Reality Immersive System) is a new VR display device that was first prototyped as a virtual device in a CAVE, to aid in the development process. This initial prototyping in VR allowed the designers to save time and money, and to garner valuable feedback from prospective users, before finally committing the design to hardware. 1. Introduction The Electronic Visualization Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Chicago has developed several projection -based VR devices including the CAVE [1], the ImmersaDesk [2], and its successor the ImmersaDesk 2. Our recent work has focused on smaller desktop systems, such as the prototype for the plasma-display based ImmersaDesk 3 [4]. See Figure 1. All of these projection -based displays suffer from occlusion of the image by your hand or interaction device -- which can cause slight visual disorientation when trying to interact with nearby virtual objects. As an augmented reality device, the goal of the PARIS is t...

Quality Evaluation of Projection-Based VR Displays

We present a collection of heuristics and simple tests for evaluating the quality of a projection... more We present a collection of heuristics and simple tests for evaluating the quality of a projection-based virtual reality display. A typical VR system includes numerous potential sources of error. By understanding the characteristics of a correctly working system, and the types of errors that are likely to occur, users can quickly determine if their display is inaccurate and what components may need correction. Introduction Typical virtual reality systems include many elements which must be configured and functioning correctly to provide an accurate virtual world simulation. Some of these parts, such as electromagnetic trackers and CRT projection displays, are prone to errors. VR researchers may often be willing to accept some errors, because it's a research system. Real-world end users, however, will expect systems to operate correctly. Corporations such as Caterpillar and General Motors are using VR in prototyping new products (Lehner and DeFanti, 1997; Smith, 1996). They need...

Building a VR narrative

In this paper we discuss issues involved in creating art and cultural heritage projects in Virtua... more In this paper we discuss issues involved in creating art and cultural heritage projects in Virtual Reality with particular reference to one interactive narrative, 'The Thing Growing'. In the first section we will briefly discuss the potential of VR as a medium for the production of art and the interpretation of culture. In the second section we describe 'The Thing Growing' project. In the third section we discuss building an interactive narrative in VR using XP, an authoring system we designed to simplify the process of producing projects in VR. In the fourth section we will discus some issues involved in presenting art and cultural heritage projects in VR.

Virtual Heritage at iGrid 2000

As part of the iGrid Research Demonstration at INET 2000, we created two Virtual Cultural Heritag... more As part of the iGrid Research Demonstration at INET 2000, we created two Virtual Cultural Heritage environments – "Virtual Harlem" and "Shared Miletus". The purpose of these applications was to explore possibilities in using the combination of high-speed international networks and virtual reality (VR) displays for cultural heritage education. Our ultimate goal is to enable the construction of tele-immersive museums and classes. In this paper we present an overview of the infrastructure used for these applications, and some details of their construction.

XP: An Authoring System for Immersive Art Exhibitions

In this paper we describe a software system for building interactive virtual environments, partic... more In this paper we describe a software system for building interactive virtual environments, particularly ones for virtual reality art works. It is meant to allow teams composed of experienced programmers and non-programming designers to work together on projects. It is an object-oriented framework, built upon existing toolkits for VR, real-time graphics, and audio. A number of common application features and tools are provided, simplifying world creation.

The Provoking Thing: A VR Relationship

The Thing Growing is a CAVE ® virtual reality artwork designed to promote an emotional relationsh... more The Thing Growing is a CAVE ® virtual reality artwork designed to promote an emotional relationship between a user and a computer−controlled character, the Thing. The application uses literary and dramatic techniques to form a context for the growth of the relationship and as the basis for the construction of the computer character’s intelligence.

Building an affordable projective, immersive display

ACM SIGGRAPH 2002 conference abstracts and applications on - SIGGRAPH '02, 2002

Immersive, interactive virtual reality is a tool with hypothetically limitless uses. However, so ... more Immersive, interactive virtual reality is a tool with hypothetically limitless uses. However, so far it has been put to serious use primarily in technical application areas such as computational science, automotive engineering, and chemical exploration. Groups working in these fields often have large budgets and can afford expensive, advanced displays. VR should also be of value to schools and museums, but most of them have much smaller budgets than major research labs, or are not able to support high-end graphics workstations. A simple, affordable, projection based display system can make VR far more accessible. In schools, displays could be put into individual classrooms and not just a central computer lab. In the museum world, small institutions would be capable of showing cutting edge digital work that previously has been restricted to a few large museums. This workshop describes the construction of a single screen, passive stereo, VR display based on commodity, or otherwise low-cost, components. There are many options available for the major elements of such a system and the basic system can be modified or adapted to many different styles of use. Figure 1 shows a photo of such a system in use at the University at Buffalo.

Human trials intermedia performance

ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Research posters on - SIGGRAPH '06, 2006

The ImmersaDesk and Infinity Wall projection-based virtual reality displays

ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, 1997

Virtual reality (VR) can be defined as interactive computer graphics that provides viewer-centere... more Virtual reality (VR) can be defined as interactive computer graphics that provides viewer-centered perspective, large field of view and stereo. Head-mounted displays (HMDs) and BOOMs™ achieve these features with small display screens which move with the viewer, close to the viewer's eyes. Projection-based displays [3, 7], supply these characteristics by placing large, fixed screens more distant from the viewer. The Electronic Visualization Laboratory (EVL) of the University of Illinois at Chicago has specialized in projection-based VR systems. EVL's projection-based VR display, the CAVE™ [2], premiered at the SIGGRAPH 92 conference.In this article we present two new, CAVE-derived, projection-based VR displays developed at EVL: the ImmersaDesk™ and the Infinity Wall™, a VR version of the PowerWall [9]. We describe the different requirements which led to their design, and compare these systems to other VR devices.

The Trial The Trail

Collaborative virtual environments art exhibition

Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems XII, 2005

PsychoDrama in VR

In this paper, we describe narrative and ludic structures that support interactive drama in immer... more

Workshop: VR for public consumption

IEEE Virtual Reality 2004, 2004

The agent takes the stage

International Journal of Arts and Technology, 2009

Developing the paris: Using the cave to prototype a new vr display

Proceedings of IPT …, 2000

The PARIS (Personal Augmented Reality Immersive System) is a new VR display device that was first... more

XP: An Authoring System for Immersive Art Exhibitions

Proceedings of VSMM'98, 1998

Many artists are interested in creating virtual reality art pieces but are daunted by the complex... more

Virtual heritage at iGrid 2000

the proceedings of INET, Jun 5, 2001

As part of the iGrid Research Demonstration at INET 2000, we created two Virtual Cultural Heritag... more As part of the iGrid Research Demonstration at INET 2000, we created two Virtual Cultural Heritage environments–" Virtual Harlem" and" Shared Miletus". The purpose of these applications was to explore possibilities in using the combination of high-speed international networks and virtual reality (VR) displays for cultural heritage education. Our ultimate goal is to enable the construction of tele-immersive museums and classes. In this paper we present an overview of the infrastructure used for these applications, and some ...

Technologies for Virtual Reality/Tele-Immersion Applications: Issues of Research in Image Display and Global Networking

Frontiers of Human-Centered Computing, Online Communities and Virtual Environments, 2001

Table of Contents allowing very inexpensive and lightweight glasses to be incorporated, an import... more