... 5. Ulusal Kültürteknik Kongresi Bildirileri, Antalya, 333-345 s. Bayraktar, K., 1970. Sebze Y... more ... 5. Ulusal Kültürteknik Kongresi Bildirileri, Antalya, 333-345 s. Bayraktar, K., 1970. Sebze Yetiştirme. ... Öneş, A., Demir, K., Çakmak, B., Kendirli, B., 1995. Sera Koşullarında Yetiştirilen ve Damla Sulama Yöntemi ile Sulanan Başsalatanın Sulama Zamanının Planlanması. ...
The objectives of this study were: (1) to submit comprehensive information about the distinctions... more The objectives of this study were: (1) to submit comprehensive information about the distinctions among pan coefficient (Kp), crop coefficient (Kc), and crop-pan coefficient (Kcp); (2) to reveal the importance of using pan evaporation for irrigation scheduling. The amount of water allocated for agricultural production has been decreasing due to rapid population growth, industrialization and contamination. Therefore, to obtain maximum yield and avoid excessive water application, the water requirements of the cultivated plants should be accurately determined, and irrigation water should be applied according to the needs of the plants. Crop water consumption (ETc) varies from region to region depending on crop type, stage of growth, soil, and climate conditions. Different evapotranspiration rates may be observed even in different parts of the same region. Considering global warming and climate change in recent years, it is clear that the predicted ET values of a year can not be used safely for upcoming years. Research studies have revealed a linear correlation between crop water consumption and the amount of water evaporated from open water surface. Therefore, irrigation scheduling through using the combination of proper crop-pan coefficient and pan evaporation (Class-A pan) is very important due to both ease of adjustment to the climate changes and ease of application. Even though many studies have been conducted on this issue, there is still need to collective and detailed information about use of evaporation pan for irrigation scheduling and above mentioned coefficients.
This study was conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation programs on the vegetat... more This study was conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation programs on the vegetative and generative growth of eggplant in the greenhouse conditions. The amount of water used was based on free surface evaporation from a screened Class-A Pan. Irrigation treatments consisted of two irrigation intervals (I1: 3; I2: 6 days), and three plant-pan coefficients (Kp1: 0.80; Kp2: 1.20 and Kcp3: based on cover percentage of the crop). Plants were first irrigated at the transplanting date and scheduled irrigations were started after 3 and 6 days from transplanting. According to the results, there is no significant effect of irrigation programs on vegetative and generative growth of eggplant in greenhouse conditions. However, it is determined that there are significant relationships at 5 % and 1% level among
By reviewing the similar studies previously carried out, this study was conducted to determine pr... more By reviewing the similar studies previously carried out, this study was conducted to determine problems of soil and water supply and irrigation applications, and come to light possibilities of solution, and in conclusion, try to give some suggestions of solution under Van conditions. GİRİŞ Ekonomileri büyük ölçüde tarima dayali olan kirsal alandaki insanlarin yaşam şartlari ve hayat standartlarini yükseltebilmek için
Özet: Bu çal›flmada, damla sisteminde farkl› sulama programlar›n›n pamuk bitkisinin geliflmesine ... more Özet: Bu çal›flmada, damla sisteminde farkl› sulama programlar›n›n pamuk bitkisinin geliflmesine olan etkilerinin irdelenmesi amaçlanm›flt›r. Sulama suyu miktar›n›n belirlenmesinde aç›k su yüzeyi buharlaflma deerlerinden yararlan›lm›flt›r. Çal›flmada, iki farkl› sulama aral›¤› (S1: 5 ve S2: 10 gün), üç bitki-kap katsay›s› (Kcp1: 0,75; Kcp2: 0,90 ve Kcp3: 1,05) ve iki ›slatma yüzdesi (P1: 0,70 ve P2: bitki örtüsü yüzdesine göre deiflen) kullan›lm›flt›r.
The beachrock formation on the Arıburnu coast situated in the Gelibolu Peninsula has been studied... more The beachrock formation on the Arıburnu coast situated in the Gelibolu Peninsula has been studied by field observation, thin-section interpretation, physicochemical analyses including ICP-AES and SEM/EDS, and OSL dating. These analyses reveal the presence of different amounts of major (Si, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Al and Na) and trace elements within the beachrock cement with Si (36.2%) and Ca (32.68%) dominating the overall composition. Beachrocks composed of highly-fractured and friable beds reach a total thickness of 80 cm extending from +60 cm at the uppermost level down to -1 m at their most seaward extent and grade from conglomerate to lithic arkose in vertical section. The total amount of CaCO 3 ranges between 59.08% and 36% and the cement consists of high-Mg calcite based on EDS analysis. From SEM examination, four main morphologies were identified in cement material: (1) micritic coatings, (2) cryptocrystalline pore-filling cement, (3) meniscus cement and (4) microbial cement and suggest the presence of marine phreatic conditions with the exception of meniscus bridges, which imply that cementation may have been dominated by carbonate-rich meteoric waters at any successive stage of cementation. Five buried beachrock samples under unconsolidated beach sand were sampled for Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating and show that the minimum and maximum ages of beachrock are 1.42±0.20 ka and 2.28±0.28 ka BP, respectively.
This study was conducted to determine of effects of different irrigation programs on the lint out... more This study was conducted to determine of effects of different irrigation programs on the lint out-turn of cotton under drip irrigation system. The amount of water used was based on free surface evaporation from a screened Class-A Pan. Irrigation treatments consisted of two different irrigation intervals (I1: 5; I2: 10 days), and three plant-pan coefficients (Kcp1: 0.75; Kcp2: 0.90 and
... the presence of eolianite on the south Cyprus coast was recorded by Poole & Robertson (19... more ... the presence of eolianite on the south Cyprus coast was recorded by Poole & Robertson (1991) on the Akrotiri Peninsula, and ... or Karpaz) Peninsula in northeast Cyprus (Figure 1) using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy/ scanning electron microscopy (EDX/SEM) and x-ray ...
This study was conducted to determine the amount of applied water and the interval of irrigation ... more This study was conducted to determine the amount of applied water and the interval of irrigation water in eggplant by using the free surface evaporation values in greenhouse conditions. The amount of water used was based on free surface evaporation from a screened Class-A Pan. Irrigation treatments consisted of two irrigation intervals (I1: 3; I2: 6 days), and three pan coefficients (Kp1: 0.80; Kp2: 1.20 and Kp3: based on cover percentage of the crop). Plants were first watered at the transplanting date and scheduled irrigations were initiated after 3 and 6 days from transplanting.
ABSTRACT Rhizoliths are mostly sub-aerially exposed root prints which appear through removal of t... more ABSTRACT Rhizoliths are mostly sub-aerially exposed root prints which appear through removal of the rock units that cap them. A horizontal-lying residual of a rhizolith, consisting purely of soft inner core material of white color was recovered 10 km west of S ¸ ile, Istanbul, in northwest Turkey within laminated oolithic massive aeolianite. The inner part, consisting purely of calcium carbonate, was dated by applying thermoluminescence , while for the outer shelves optically stimulated luminescence of quartz was used for age assessment. The age of the CaCO 3 infill occupying the original place of the decayed plant roots was found to be 26.8 (±5.0) ka, corresponding to MIS 2. When compared with the ages of the middle (105.2 ± 15.6 ka) and outer (127 ± 9 ka) layers, corresponding to the later stage of MIS 5e or early stage of MIS 5d, the inner core coincides with the last glacial period when the sea-level was lower than the present, promoting transportation of ooids by offshore winds in conjunction with the exposed shelf carbonates. Based on the results yielded, rhizolith is much younger than the host rock aeolianite and witnesses to last glacial sea level lowstand when removal of shelf carbonates by offshore winds was promoted from the exposed shallow shelf plain. The results provide strong evidence that rhizoliths may not be coeval with the aeolianites within which they are embedded.
We present new data from cemented coquina (or coquinite sensu stricto) as possible evidence of a ... more We present new data from cemented coquina (or coquinite sensu stricto) as possible evidence of a highstand on the western Black Sea coast of Turkey. The carbonate-cemented coquinite cropping on the west Black Sea coast of Turkey bear witness to changes of sea level during the Late Pleistocene. Rich in benthic foraminifera typical of the Mediterranean, the coquinite dated at 30 and 27 kyr BP could be indicative of a relative highstand known as the Tarkhankutian transgression, but likely indicates a sea level similar to today, contrary to lowstand, suggesting –30 m below that of the present.
... 5. Ulusal Kültürteknik Kongresi Bildirileri, Antalya, 333-345 s. Bayraktar, K., 1970. Sebze Y... more ... 5. Ulusal Kültürteknik Kongresi Bildirileri, Antalya, 333-345 s. Bayraktar, K., 1970. Sebze Yetiştirme. ... Öneş, A., Demir, K., Çakmak, B., Kendirli, B., 1995. Sera Koşullarında Yetiştirilen ve Damla Sulama Yöntemi ile Sulanan Başsalatanın Sulama Zamanının Planlanması. ...
The objectives of this study were: (1) to submit comprehensive information about the distinctions... more The objectives of this study were: (1) to submit comprehensive information about the distinctions among pan coefficient (Kp), crop coefficient (Kc), and crop-pan coefficient (Kcp); (2) to reveal the importance of using pan evaporation for irrigation scheduling. The amount of water allocated for agricultural production has been decreasing due to rapid population growth, industrialization and contamination. Therefore, to obtain maximum yield and avoid excessive water application, the water requirements of the cultivated plants should be accurately determined, and irrigation water should be applied according to the needs of the plants. Crop water consumption (ETc) varies from region to region depending on crop type, stage of growth, soil, and climate conditions. Different evapotranspiration rates may be observed even in different parts of the same region. Considering global warming and climate change in recent years, it is clear that the predicted ET values of a year can not be used safely for upcoming years. Research studies have revealed a linear correlation between crop water consumption and the amount of water evaporated from open water surface. Therefore, irrigation scheduling through using the combination of proper crop-pan coefficient and pan evaporation (Class-A pan) is very important due to both ease of adjustment to the climate changes and ease of application. Even though many studies have been conducted on this issue, there is still need to collective and detailed information about use of evaporation pan for irrigation scheduling and above mentioned coefficients.
This study was conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation programs on the vegetat... more This study was conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation programs on the vegetative and generative growth of eggplant in the greenhouse conditions. The amount of water used was based on free surface evaporation from a screened Class-A Pan. Irrigation treatments consisted of two irrigation intervals (I1: 3; I2: 6 days), and three plant-pan coefficients (Kp1: 0.80; Kp2: 1.20 and Kcp3: based on cover percentage of the crop). Plants were first irrigated at the transplanting date and scheduled irrigations were started after 3 and 6 days from transplanting. According to the results, there is no significant effect of irrigation programs on vegetative and generative growth of eggplant in greenhouse conditions. However, it is determined that there are significant relationships at 5 % and 1% level among
By reviewing the similar studies previously carried out, this study was conducted to determine pr... more By reviewing the similar studies previously carried out, this study was conducted to determine problems of soil and water supply and irrigation applications, and come to light possibilities of solution, and in conclusion, try to give some suggestions of solution under Van conditions. GİRİŞ Ekonomileri büyük ölçüde tarima dayali olan kirsal alandaki insanlarin yaşam şartlari ve hayat standartlarini yükseltebilmek için
Özet: Bu çal›flmada, damla sisteminde farkl› sulama programlar›n›n pamuk bitkisinin geliflmesine ... more Özet: Bu çal›flmada, damla sisteminde farkl› sulama programlar›n›n pamuk bitkisinin geliflmesine olan etkilerinin irdelenmesi amaçlanm›flt›r. Sulama suyu miktar›n›n belirlenmesinde aç›k su yüzeyi buharlaflma deerlerinden yararlan›lm›flt›r. Çal›flmada, iki farkl› sulama aral›¤› (S1: 5 ve S2: 10 gün), üç bitki-kap katsay›s› (Kcp1: 0,75; Kcp2: 0,90 ve Kcp3: 1,05) ve iki ›slatma yüzdesi (P1: 0,70 ve P2: bitki örtüsü yüzdesine göre deiflen) kullan›lm›flt›r.
The beachrock formation on the Arıburnu coast situated in the Gelibolu Peninsula has been studied... more The beachrock formation on the Arıburnu coast situated in the Gelibolu Peninsula has been studied by field observation, thin-section interpretation, physicochemical analyses including ICP-AES and SEM/EDS, and OSL dating. These analyses reveal the presence of different amounts of major (Si, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Al and Na) and trace elements within the beachrock cement with Si (36.2%) and Ca (32.68%) dominating the overall composition. Beachrocks composed of highly-fractured and friable beds reach a total thickness of 80 cm extending from +60 cm at the uppermost level down to -1 m at their most seaward extent and grade from conglomerate to lithic arkose in vertical section. The total amount of CaCO 3 ranges between 59.08% and 36% and the cement consists of high-Mg calcite based on EDS analysis. From SEM examination, four main morphologies were identified in cement material: (1) micritic coatings, (2) cryptocrystalline pore-filling cement, (3) meniscus cement and (4) microbial cement and suggest the presence of marine phreatic conditions with the exception of meniscus bridges, which imply that cementation may have been dominated by carbonate-rich meteoric waters at any successive stage of cementation. Five buried beachrock samples under unconsolidated beach sand were sampled for Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating and show that the minimum and maximum ages of beachrock are 1.42±0.20 ka and 2.28±0.28 ka BP, respectively.
This study was conducted to determine of effects of different irrigation programs on the lint out... more This study was conducted to determine of effects of different irrigation programs on the lint out-turn of cotton under drip irrigation system. The amount of water used was based on free surface evaporation from a screened Class-A Pan. Irrigation treatments consisted of two different irrigation intervals (I1: 5; I2: 10 days), and three plant-pan coefficients (Kcp1: 0.75; Kcp2: 0.90 and
... the presence of eolianite on the south Cyprus coast was recorded by Poole & Robertson (19... more ... the presence of eolianite on the south Cyprus coast was recorded by Poole & Robertson (1991) on the Akrotiri Peninsula, and ... or Karpaz) Peninsula in northeast Cyprus (Figure 1) using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy/ scanning electron microscopy (EDX/SEM) and x-ray ...
This study was conducted to determine the amount of applied water and the interval of irrigation ... more This study was conducted to determine the amount of applied water and the interval of irrigation water in eggplant by using the free surface evaporation values in greenhouse conditions. The amount of water used was based on free surface evaporation from a screened Class-A Pan. Irrigation treatments consisted of two irrigation intervals (I1: 3; I2: 6 days), and three pan coefficients (Kp1: 0.80; Kp2: 1.20 and Kp3: based on cover percentage of the crop). Plants were first watered at the transplanting date and scheduled irrigations were initiated after 3 and 6 days from transplanting.
ABSTRACT Rhizoliths are mostly sub-aerially exposed root prints which appear through removal of t... more ABSTRACT Rhizoliths are mostly sub-aerially exposed root prints which appear through removal of the rock units that cap them. A horizontal-lying residual of a rhizolith, consisting purely of soft inner core material of white color was recovered 10 km west of S ¸ ile, Istanbul, in northwest Turkey within laminated oolithic massive aeolianite. The inner part, consisting purely of calcium carbonate, was dated by applying thermoluminescence , while for the outer shelves optically stimulated luminescence of quartz was used for age assessment. The age of the CaCO 3 infill occupying the original place of the decayed plant roots was found to be 26.8 (±5.0) ka, corresponding to MIS 2. When compared with the ages of the middle (105.2 ± 15.6 ka) and outer (127 ± 9 ka) layers, corresponding to the later stage of MIS 5e or early stage of MIS 5d, the inner core coincides with the last glacial period when the sea-level was lower than the present, promoting transportation of ooids by offshore winds in conjunction with the exposed shelf carbonates. Based on the results yielded, rhizolith is much younger than the host rock aeolianite and witnesses to last glacial sea level lowstand when removal of shelf carbonates by offshore winds was promoted from the exposed shallow shelf plain. The results provide strong evidence that rhizoliths may not be coeval with the aeolianites within which they are embedded.
We present new data from cemented coquina (or coquinite sensu stricto) as possible evidence of a ... more We present new data from cemented coquina (or coquinite sensu stricto) as possible evidence of a highstand on the western Black Sea coast of Turkey. The carbonate-cemented coquinite cropping on the west Black Sea coast of Turkey bear witness to changes of sea level during the Late Pleistocene. Rich in benthic foraminifera typical of the Mediterranean, the coquinite dated at 30 and 27 kyr BP could be indicative of a relative highstand known as the Tarkhankutian transgression, but likely indicates a sea level similar to today, contrary to lowstand, suggesting –30 m below that of the present.
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