This book addresses a simplified and introductory curriculum for the field of Biomedical
Engineer... more This book addresses a simplified and introductory curriculum for the field of Biomedical Engineering. It is suitable for 12 -17-year-old readers in Middle and High school. This curriculum, approach, and way of presenting information have been chosen after reading many books in the field of Biomedical Engineering and discerned the pros and cons of them from the point of view of two students in High School. This book is structured as follows: it introduces the definition of Biomedical Engineering, gives a historical perspective about the field and the old inventions, introduces the world of Biomedical Engineering - the different approaches of the field,- and explains the most important concepts needed in Biomedical Engineering Comprehension.
COVID-19 has become a public health emergency of international concern since it has rapidly sprea... more COVID-19 has become a public health emergency of international concern since it has rapidly spread within many countries, and its pandemic has continued to overwhelm health-care systems One of the significant challenges in this crisis is to identify and monitor the COVID-19 patients quickly and efficiently. Research efforts are to develop less time-consuming methods to supplement PCR based methods. The purpose of this paper is to develop a project that is capable of obtaining the highest accuracy in identifying patients affected by COVID-19 in a timely manner. The paper investigates creating a mobile application that uses Deep Learning and Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to analyze "Chest X-ray" for suspected individuals and getting immediate, accurate results. This mobile application provides a feature to the user to upload their chest X-ray result for examination using AI and uses a public open dataset and downloaded 1500 images of chest X-ray results of patients who tested positive or suspected of COVID-19 and 1341 normal-chest images and then compare the user's scanned chest X-ray result to this dataset. The user, therefore, will receive the result, and if the developed model detected that the scanned image features are similar to those of the training positive-results data, the user will receive a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection suspicion, and then the mobile application will provide further directions to this user. The results of the test showed that the project fulfilled the design requirements of AI demonstration, High Sensitivity of 99.5%, High F1 score of 0.986, High Specificity 97.57%, High Precision of 97.8%, Mobile app's Easiness of use, and High Accuracy of 94%.
Water is one of the most important constituents of life support system. According to World Health... more Water is one of the most important constituents of life support system. According to World Health Organization, Ninety percent of the global population-6.8 billion people-use at least a water basic service: an improved drinking-water source within a round trip of 30 minutes to collect water. About 785 million people lack even a basic drinking-water service, including 144 million people who are dependent on surface water. Most of our surface water bodies have become polluted with industrial effluents, agricultural wastes, microplastics, and more. In this context, this research has been carried out on the issue of surface water purification, trying to avail those people of a safe, pure drinking-water. The study investigates using carbon and reusable fiber to purify contaminated, turbid water through only simple three-stage filter that is easy to construct in rural areas, or illegal settlements that usually have no access to improved sources of drinking-water. The results of the experiments showed that the prototype of a three-stage water plant system fulfilled the design requirements of simplicity, efficiency preservation for microplastics removal and water amount preservation, higher pH and then less heavy metals concentration, and low water turbidity. The system achieved an efficiency of 95.4%.
Pollution emitted from industries in a form of effluents is one of the major factors contributing... more Pollution emitted from industries in a form of effluents is one of the major factors contributing to the deterioration of water quality in Egypt. The industrial wastewaters disposed to water bodies contain many pollutants that cause an increase in total dissolved solids (TDS), heavy metals, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and microorganisms. Hence, these contaminants make such water unsuitable for human use. An appropriate law was issued for the protection of waters from pollution. However, several obstacles largely hinder the optimal and effective actions of the law, resulted in serious problems. In this context, this study investigates how industrial wastewaters negatively influence our water bodies and reviews some literature that has been undertaken to reduce water pollution. The prior researches mentioned Activated Carbon, Ceramic water filters, Zeolite material, Nanofibers, and Modified Cellulose filter using paper filters as recent solutions, explained how they work, and discussed the results and to which extent they can solve the issue of water pollution. The results of the above-mentioned solutions manifest that they are valid for being applied as tangible projects in the real life, and some recommendations were provided for better and less flawed application. These proposed literatures are highly encouraged to be availed as the Egyptian new regulation ought to restore the healthy state of the river in terms of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, and solve the problem of huge water pollution because of industrial effluents without causing another imbalance to the environment.
The world's current energy consumption relies on the use of non-renewable energy sources. Accordi... more The world's current energy consumption relies on the use of non-renewable energy sources. According to the Central Intelligence Agency, the world generates about 66% of its electricity from fossil fuels, resulting in a lack of energy sources. In this context, this research has been carried out on the issue of Wasted Energy, trying to avail the world of a new energy source for producing electricity. The study investigates recovering the heat energy that is lost from the internal combustion engines in various vehicles to produce electricity. This process involves using the Temperature difference between the hot exhaust pipe of the vehicle and the cool air resulted from air resistance to operate a Thermoelectric device (TEC) but in a reverse way. The generated electricity could be stored in batteries for further usage. The results of the experiments made on the prototype showed high efficiency, as the device produced 5 Watt with only a temperature difference of 200 degrees Celsius. The produced power is expected to be increased as the temperature difference in real vehicles increases.
This book addresses a simplified and introductory curriculum for the field of Biomedical
Engineer... more This book addresses a simplified and introductory curriculum for the field of Biomedical Engineering. It is suitable for 12 -17-year-old readers in Middle and High school. This curriculum, approach, and way of presenting information have been chosen after reading many books in the field of Biomedical Engineering and discerned the pros and cons of them from the point of view of two students in High School. This book is structured as follows: it introduces the definition of Biomedical Engineering, gives a historical perspective about the field and the old inventions, introduces the world of Biomedical Engineering - the different approaches of the field,- and explains the most important concepts needed in Biomedical Engineering Comprehension.
COVID-19 has become a public health emergency of international concern since it has rapidly sprea... more COVID-19 has become a public health emergency of international concern since it has rapidly spread within many countries, and its pandemic has continued to overwhelm health-care systems One of the significant challenges in this crisis is to identify and monitor the COVID-19 patients quickly and efficiently. Research efforts are to develop less time-consuming methods to supplement PCR based methods. The purpose of this paper is to develop a project that is capable of obtaining the highest accuracy in identifying patients affected by COVID-19 in a timely manner. The paper investigates creating a mobile application that uses Deep Learning and Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to analyze "Chest X-ray" for suspected individuals and getting immediate, accurate results. This mobile application provides a feature to the user to upload their chest X-ray result for examination using AI and uses a public open dataset and downloaded 1500 images of chest X-ray results of patients who tested positive or suspected of COVID-19 and 1341 normal-chest images and then compare the user's scanned chest X-ray result to this dataset. The user, therefore, will receive the result, and if the developed model detected that the scanned image features are similar to those of the training positive-results data, the user will receive a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection suspicion, and then the mobile application will provide further directions to this user. The results of the test showed that the project fulfilled the design requirements of AI demonstration, High Sensitivity of 99.5%, High F1 score of 0.986, High Specificity 97.57%, High Precision of 97.8%, Mobile app's Easiness of use, and High Accuracy of 94%.
Water is one of the most important constituents of life support system. According to World Health... more Water is one of the most important constituents of life support system. According to World Health Organization, Ninety percent of the global population-6.8 billion people-use at least a water basic service: an improved drinking-water source within a round trip of 30 minutes to collect water. About 785 million people lack even a basic drinking-water service, including 144 million people who are dependent on surface water. Most of our surface water bodies have become polluted with industrial effluents, agricultural wastes, microplastics, and more. In this context, this research has been carried out on the issue of surface water purification, trying to avail those people of a safe, pure drinking-water. The study investigates using carbon and reusable fiber to purify contaminated, turbid water through only simple three-stage filter that is easy to construct in rural areas, or illegal settlements that usually have no access to improved sources of drinking-water. The results of the experiments showed that the prototype of a three-stage water plant system fulfilled the design requirements of simplicity, efficiency preservation for microplastics removal and water amount preservation, higher pH and then less heavy metals concentration, and low water turbidity. The system achieved an efficiency of 95.4%.
Pollution emitted from industries in a form of effluents is one of the major factors contributing... more Pollution emitted from industries in a form of effluents is one of the major factors contributing to the deterioration of water quality in Egypt. The industrial wastewaters disposed to water bodies contain many pollutants that cause an increase in total dissolved solids (TDS), heavy metals, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and microorganisms. Hence, these contaminants make such water unsuitable for human use. An appropriate law was issued for the protection of waters from pollution. However, several obstacles largely hinder the optimal and effective actions of the law, resulted in serious problems. In this context, this study investigates how industrial wastewaters negatively influence our water bodies and reviews some literature that has been undertaken to reduce water pollution. The prior researches mentioned Activated Carbon, Ceramic water filters, Zeolite material, Nanofibers, and Modified Cellulose filter using paper filters as recent solutions, explained how they work, and discussed the results and to which extent they can solve the issue of water pollution. The results of the above-mentioned solutions manifest that they are valid for being applied as tangible projects in the real life, and some recommendations were provided for better and less flawed application. These proposed literatures are highly encouraged to be availed as the Egyptian new regulation ought to restore the healthy state of the river in terms of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, and solve the problem of huge water pollution because of industrial effluents without causing another imbalance to the environment.
The world's current energy consumption relies on the use of non-renewable energy sources. Accordi... more The world's current energy consumption relies on the use of non-renewable energy sources. According to the Central Intelligence Agency, the world generates about 66% of its electricity from fossil fuels, resulting in a lack of energy sources. In this context, this research has been carried out on the issue of Wasted Energy, trying to avail the world of a new energy source for producing electricity. The study investigates recovering the heat energy that is lost from the internal combustion engines in various vehicles to produce electricity. This process involves using the Temperature difference between the hot exhaust pipe of the vehicle and the cool air resulted from air resistance to operate a Thermoelectric device (TEC) but in a reverse way. The generated electricity could be stored in batteries for further usage. The results of the experiments made on the prototype showed high efficiency, as the device produced 5 Watt with only a temperature difference of 200 degrees Celsius. The produced power is expected to be increased as the temperature difference in real vehicles increases.
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Books by Malak Mohamed
Engineering. It is suitable for 12 -17-year-old readers in Middle and High school. This
curriculum, approach, and way of presenting information have been chosen after reading
many books in the field of Biomedical Engineering and discerned the pros and cons of
them from the point of view of two students in High School. This book is structured as
follows: it introduces the definition of Biomedical Engineering, gives a historical
perspective about the field and the old inventions, introduces the world of Biomedical
Engineering - the different approaches of the field,- and explains the most important
concepts needed in Biomedical Engineering Comprehension.
Papers by Malak Mohamed
Drafts by Malak Mohamed
Engineering. It is suitable for 12 -17-year-old readers in Middle and High school. This
curriculum, approach, and way of presenting information have been chosen after reading
many books in the field of Biomedical Engineering and discerned the pros and cons of
them from the point of view of two students in High School. This book is structured as
follows: it introduces the definition of Biomedical Engineering, gives a historical
perspective about the field and the old inventions, introduces the world of Biomedical
Engineering - the different approaches of the field,- and explains the most important
concepts needed in Biomedical Engineering Comprehension.