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Muhammad Zubir

Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negri Malikussaleh,Lhoksumawe, Tarbiyah, Alumnus

University of Malikussaleh, Ilmu Komunikasi, Department Member

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Forhad Hossain Chowdhury

Yildirim Bayazit

Chandrasekharan Kesavadas

Steven Giannotta

University of Southern California

Aix-Marseille University

Vivekanand Kattimani

NTR University of Health Sciences

Lucas de Albuquerque

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Papers by Muhammad Zubir

Microvascular Decompression by Interposition Method for Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia Due to Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a rare disease that can ... more Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a rare disease that can be challenging to treat. The objectives of this study are to investigate the characteristics of patients with TN due to VBD and to analyze the efficacy of microvascular decompression (MVD) by the interposition method for treatment of the condition. From 2010 till 2020, the data of 30 patients with TN due to VBD who were treated with MVD by the interposition method were analyzed retrospectively. The characteristics of the patients were compared with those of patients with non-VBD TN (n = 815). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to determine pain-free survival. The 30 patients (21 males, 9 females; mean age, 63.03 years) accounted for 3.55% of all patients with TN during the study period. In 30 patients, the offending vessel was the basilar artery (BA) in 1 patient, the vertebral artery (VA) in 6 patients, the VA plus the superior cerebellar artery (SCA) in 6 patients, the VA plu...

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY Full Length Article Genetic Diversity Analysis of Morpho-Genetic Traits in Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

Genetic diversity of 113 desi chickpea genotypes was studied through descriptive, principal compo... more Genetic diversity of 113 desi chickpea genotypes was studied through descriptive, principal component and cluster analysis. High variances were observed for days to flowering, maturity, plant height, pods plant-1 , biological yield and harvest index. These traits also showed positive significant correlation with yield which was confirmed through principal component analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first 4 principal components accounted for 71.99% of the total variation. Seed yield, biological yield, pods plant-1 , secondary branches and plant height in chickpea showed positive relation with the first component (PC1). Days to flowering, days to maturity, 100-seed weight showed positive correlation with the second component (PC2). The genotypes were grouped into four clusters using cluster analysis. Genotypes with early flowering and maturity were gathered in cluster I while cluster II showed dominant contribution for grain yield plant-1 , harvest index and number of pods plant-1. The grouping of genotypes would be of practical value to chickpea breeders in identifying the genotype with desired trait for utilization in breeding program for genetic improvement.

Developing Jurisprudential Inquiry Based Learning Model of Teaching Fiqh at Madrasah Tsanawiyah

Al-Ta lim Journal

Learning is the most significant activity in education. Through learning activities, the goals of... more Learning is the most significant activity in education. Through learning activities, the goals of education are achieved. Students’ success in learning mostly depends on their mastery to learn independently and on how they manage their study. The research aims to develop learning model at Madrasah Tsanawiyah, to make the learning process triggers students to be more creative and study better. The method used in the research refers to the nature of Research and Development. The steps of the study are preliminary study, development, and product test. The study found that the development of a jurisprudential inquiry-based learning model for learning Fiqh helps students to improve their learning outcomes. The model has significantly proven effective to support students’ behavior change, thus their achievement increases.

Systematic design of energy efficient extractive distillation column for azeotrope mixture

Energy Procedia

Natural gas liquid (NGL) distillation process using driving force and thermal pinch analysis methods: Energy and economic assessment

Malaysian Journal of Chemical Engineering and Technology (MJCET), 2020

Distillation column is one of the effective unit operations that is commonly used to separate che... more Distillation column is one of the effective unit operations that is commonly used to separate chemical mixtures. The only drawback of this separation process is its huge energy consumption especially for a multicomponent separation process which involves a series of distillation columns. Therefore, an optimal sequence must be determined to address the issue. This research proposes the methodology to determine the optimal sequence of distillation columns by using driving force method. Then, thermal pinch analysis is applied to obtain further energy saving in the process. The case study selected is a distillation process to recover 5-component of natural gas liquid (NGL) mixture. Based on the input data, the driving force sequence is determined first and simulated together with a conventional sequence (direct sequence). Then, the extracted data from the simulation will be used for thermal pinch analysis via problem table algorithm (PTA). From the results of PTA, energy consumption bet...

Enhancing the environmental impact of alarm clock using DFMA and sustainable design analysis

PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)

This study focuses on evaluating a new alarm clock components and function to reduce the necessar... more This study focuses on evaluating a new alarm clock components and function to reduce the necessary quantities and to determine the potential to enhance sustainable design. The project aims to create a new alarm clock to enhance or improvise the alarm clock. To evaluate the built component, the CAD programme is used to create the new alarm clock and then transferred to FEA. The research will lead to understanding the use of CAD tools for the design and study of alarm clock enhancement by carrying out the project. This new approach shows that the tools that are to be used to reduce the cost of creating a new alarm clock and to enhance the environmental aspects of product design are successful.

The trends and projections of greenhouse gas emission by the livestock sector in Malaysia

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy

The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from the livestock sector is a major concern as GHG can contrib... more The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from the livestock sector is a major concern as GHG can contribute to climate change event such as global warming. The country demand for livestock is rapidly increasing, due to population and economic growth. However, in Malaysia, there is still limited studies on GHG assessment from the livestock sector and its projection based on the self-sufficient level under population growth. In this study, the GHG emissions of different livestock were estimated using the livestock population data published in the year 2010–2019, based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Malaysia’s livestock sector is dominated by poultry, swine, non-dairy cattle and goat. The emission is dependent on the livestock species and population. For enteric fermentation, non-dairy cattle accounted for 73.91% of the CH4 emission. For manure management, the main contributors were swine and poultry, accounting for 61.49% and 26.24% of the CH4 emission. Poultry and non-dairy cattle contributed to 63.25% and 20.79% of the direct N2O emission from manure management. Comparatively, enteric fermentation was observed to contribute for more than 50% share of the total CO2-eq emission. The GHG projection was carried out in two scenarios based on the population projection, self-sufficient level and product consumption per capita for the year 2019, 2030 and 2040. The scenario analysis showed that increasing the animal mass by 1% without increasing the livestock population could help in elevating the sufficiency level of food product even with increasing product demand.

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Morpho-Genetic Traits in Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2014

Genetic diversity of 113 desi chickpea genotypes was studied through descriptive, principal compo... more Genetic diversity of 113 desi chickpea genotypes was studied through descriptive, principal component and cluster analysis. High variances were observed for days to flowering, maturity, plant height, pods plant -1 , biological yield and harvest index. These traits also showed positive significant correlation with yield which was confirmed through principal component analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first 4 principal components accounted for 71.99% of the total variation. Seed yield, biological yield, pods plant -1 , secondary branches and plant height in chickpea showed positive relation with the first component (PC1). Days to flowering, days to maturity, 100-seed weight showed positive correlation with the second component (PC2). The genotypes were grouped into four clusters using cluster analysis. Genotypes with early flowering and maturity were gathered in cluster I while cluster II showed dominant contribution for grain yield plant -1 , harvest inde...

Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of Schiff bases

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2019

Five Schiff bases, 2-((3-chlorophenylimino)methyl)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (L1), 2-((2,4-dichlorop... more Five Schiff bases, 2-((3-chlorophenylimino)methyl)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (L1), 2-((2,4-dichlorophenylimino)methyl)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (L2), 5-(diethylamino)-2-((3,5-dimethylphenylimino)methyl)phenol (L3), 2-((2-chloro-4-methylphenylimino)methyl)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (L4), and 5-(diethylamino)-2-((2,6-diethylphenylimino)methyl)phenol (L5) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Three of the compounds (L1, L2, and L4) were analyzed by single crystal X-ray diffraction: L1 and L2 crystallized in orthorhombic P212121 and Pca21 space group, respectively, while L4 crystallized in monoclinic P21/c space group. Theoretical investigations were performed for all the synthesized compounds to evaluate the structural details. Drug–DNA interaction studies results from UV–Vis spectroscopy and electrochemistry complement that the compounds bind to DNA through electrostatic interactions. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was stu...

Olefin Mixture Direct Sequence Energy Retrofitting: Feed Compositions Sensitivity Analysis

Energy Procedia, 2017

The objective of this research is to retrofit the Olefin Mixture (OM) direct sequence and to anal... more The objective of this research is to retrofit the Olefin Mixture (OM) direct sequence and to analyze the sensitivity with respect to the feed composition. In order to perform the study and analysis, a methodology for retrofitting the direct sequence and analyzing the sensitivity with respect to the feed composition was developed. In Stage 1, a short-cut distillation column design method of process simulator (Aspen HYSYS) is used to simulate the direct sequence. The energy used to separate individual component in the base sequence is analyzed and taken as a reference. In Stage 2, an optimal OM sequence is determined using driving force method. All individual driving force curves for all adjacent components are plotted and the optimal sequence is determined based on the plotted driving force curves. Once the optimal OM sequence has been determined, the new optimal sequence is then simulated in stage 3 using short-cut distillation column design method (using Aspen HYSYS), where the ene...

Pengaruh American Israel Public Affairs Committee(AIPAC) dalam kebijakan luar negeri amerika serikat terhadap invasi Amerika Serikat ke Irak pada tahun 2003

Dimensi Islam dan Syariah

Dalam Dimensi Islam adalah mengandungi kandungan, kodifikasi jariah (undang-undang ilahi) dan sek... more Dalam Dimensi Islam adalah mengandungi kandungan, kodifikasi jariah (undang-undang ilahi) dan sekolah agama, Perjalanan Kerohanian Mazlmb Sufi dan Ajaran dan Amalan dalam Teknik Pengajaran Pengamal Mahzab Sufi dan kegunaan perkataan Islam, Iman, Ihsan yang digunakan dalam agama Islam. Dalam subtajuk tersebut membincangkan tentang perjalanan orang agama Islam dari Syariah sampai ke H. Aqiqah dan juga konsep syariah (undang-undang ilahi) yang dijalani dalam Islam. Syariah adalah suatu undang yang perlu dipatuhi oleh orang yang beragama Islam dan ia dibahagi kepada dua bahagian adalah ibadat (persembahan) dan mualamat (transaksi). Dalam konteks itu, juga berbincang tentang pembangunan sekolah agama Islam. Selain itu, perjalanan kerohanian Mazhab Sufi dan ajaran dan Amalan dalam teknik pengajaran pengamal Mahzab Sufi adalah mengenai dengan semangat dan ajaran yang akan seorang agama Islam perlu ada. Di samping itu, perkataan islam(percaya terhadap Islam), iman (percaya terhadap tuhan), ...

VERNAKULARISASI PEMAHAMAN HADIS (Refleksi Wacana Islam Nusantara)

ISLAM TRANSFORMATIF : Journal of Islamic Studies, 2018

The term vernacular is born because of an understanding of religious texts taking into account th... more The term vernacular is born because of an understanding of religious texts taking into account the conditions of the Indonesian Islamic community. This understanding is known as the context of the understanding of hadith which is an effort made by the ulama as one of ijtihad in examining the content of the hadith of the hadith. This is done if there is a hadith that appears to be incompatible with the condition of a society or a certain period of time. The hadith about the leader from the Quraysh tribe and the hadith about not going to succeed in a people if the leadership is left to women is an example of how difficult it is to be applied in Indonesia if it is only understood textually and not understood by a contextual approach. In Indonesia, many hadiths that require new explanations (syarah) in order to be able to uncover various biological essence, using language that is popular and in line with present-day logic, to make it easier to achieve goals. Therefore, Islamic scholars,...

A Study on the Thickening Time of Class F Fly Ash Geopolymer Cement for Oil Well Cementing

With the increasing awareness towards global warming, there is a dire need to develop a green cem... more With the increasing awareness towards global warming, there is a dire need to develop a green cement to replace the conventional Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Geopolymer cement has been identified as a potential replacement for the OPC and its suitability for oil well cementing applications are being studied extensively. The determination of thickening time is crucial for oil well cementing to avoid catastrophic incidents due to premature cement setting. This research investigates the thickening time of class F fly ash based geopolymer cement at different densities (low, medium and high) according to the industrial standards with and without the addition of retarders. Three formulations with different ratios of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) to Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3), molarity of NaOH, Fly Ash to Alkali ratio, and water content were used to come up with cement densities of 11ppg, 15ppg and 17ppg. The thickening time was determined using a High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) consisto...

Aerodynamic data generation and design support for solar UAV : CFD for aircraft loads

SEKSUALITAS DALAM ALQURAN (tinjauan Deskriptif Analitis Ayat-ayat Alquran)

Alquran is the last Holy Book which is sent down by Allah as the Guide Book for whole human-being... more Alquran is the last Holy Book which is sent down by Allah as the Guide Book for whole human-being. It concludes any aspects. Not only for Moslems, Alquran actually also aimed for any creatures in the universe. This is the actual meaning of rahmatan lil ‘âlamiyn (Islam comes as the mercy for all). To prove it, deep researches and develop observations are needed. Especially, it has to be done in Alquran as a main source of Islam. On of the aspect that has explained in Alquran is sexuality. Sexuality in this paper means anything related to sex such as human lust, genitals, and sexual contacts. In Alquran, terms of sexuality are mentioned in many verses in different surahs. This paper purposed to explain the Alquran verses of sexuality. The methodology that applied in this paper is library research with descriptive-analityc approach. Furthermore, this paper was explained by combining alquran exegesis explanation methods; Mawdhu’iy (Thematic) and Comparative (Muqâran). Alquran adalah Kit...

Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Syar’Iyah Sigli Nomor 20/PDT.G/2014/MS-SGI Tentang Pengasuhan Anak

ABSTRAK MUHAMMAD ZUBIR, STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH SYAR’IYAH SIGLI NOMOR 20/Pdt.G/2014/MS-Sgi T... more ABSTRAK MUHAMMAD ZUBIR, STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH SYAR’IYAH SIGLI NOMOR 20/Pdt.G/2014/MS-Sgi TENTANG PENGASUHAN ANAK 2015 Fakultas Hukum Universitas Syiah Kuala (iv,50) pp., bibl., app. AZHARI, S.H., MCL, M.A. Dalam hal pengasuhan anak sering kali para wali memperebutkan hak asuh terhadap anak yang telah meninggal kedua orang tuanya. Salah satunya kasus yang terjadi antara Yuslina sebagai Penggugat dan Saudah sebagai Tergugat. Keduanya saling memperebutkan hak asuh terhadap cucunya yang bernama Haura Zhahira. Putusan Mahkamah Syar’iyah Sigli Nomor 20/Pdt.G/2014/MS-Sgi memutuskan bahwa Penggugat berhak atas hak pengasuhan anak. Dalam memutuskan perkara tersebut hakim hanya mendasari putusannya pada Pasal 156 KHI. Sebenarnya masih ada pasal-pasal lainnya yaitu Pasal 107 KHI, Pasal 33 Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak, dan Pasal 50 Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan yang dapat digunakan hakim sebagai dasar pertimbangan hukum dalam memutuska...

Systematic design of energy efficient extractive distillation column for azeotrope mixture

The last dozen years produced so many articles on the synthesis of separation systems. For distil... more The last dozen years produced so many articles on the synthesis of separation systems. For distillation systems, they can be divided into several types such as ordinary distillation and azeotropic distillation. When designing a separation system for mixtures containing azeotrope(s), ordinary distillation can be considered as not feasible since high purity products cannot be obtained. When designing a distillation based separation process, several problems may occur such as determination of optimal number of plates, optimal location for feed, and optimal reflux ratio. The main objective of this paper is to propose a methodology to design an energy efficient extractive distillation process using driving force approach. The design concept is to design the distillation column system at maximum driving force. At maximum driving force, the energy required for the system will be minimum. A case study of ethanol-water mixture from a literature was selected and investigated. Initially, the l...

Interaction and performance analysis of a ternary mixture distillation process

The objective of this study was to analyse the controllability of a driving force-based distillat... more The objective of this study was to analyse the controllability of a driving force-based distillation columns sequence for the separation a benzene, toluene, and p-xylene mixture. Primarily, a methodology for this study was constructed, which consisted of five hierarchical stages. In the first stage, all possible distillation columns sequences were synthesised. Then, the sequences were simulated under steady state conditions using Aspen HYSYS in the second stage. In the third stage, the input-output interactions of the sequences were analysed by using relative gain arrays (RGA). In the fourth stage, controller parameters were determined. Finally, in the fifth stage, the controllers’ responses were analysed using MATLAB. From this study, it was found that the driving force-based distillation columns sequence has better overall controllability than an alternative sequence.

Thermal pinch analysis application on distillation columns sequence of 5-component alcohol mixture

Distillation column is a well-known unit operation in chemical and petrochemical industries. Howe... more Distillation column is a well-known unit operation in chemical and petrochemical industries. However, large energy requirement has always become major concern to perform the intended separation task. Therefore, heat integration via thermal pinch analysis is proposed for energy saving purpose. This paper provides a methodology for thermal pinch analysis application on distillation columns sequence. The case study selected is distillation process of 5-component alcohol mixture. Based on the input data, 14 possible sequences for distillation columns were firstly simulated. Then, the resulting information such as target temperature, supply temperature and energy from condensers and reboilers have been extracted for thermal pinch analysis. Lastly, the energy requirement from the analysis was then compared for energy saving calculation. Based on the analysis results, 8 out 14 sequences recorded overall energy saving ranging from 1.5 to 36 %. Thus, it can be said that the thermal pinch ana...

Microvascular Decompression by Interposition Method for Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia Due to Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a rare disease that can ... more Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a rare disease that can be challenging to treat. The objectives of this study are to investigate the characteristics of patients with TN due to VBD and to analyze the efficacy of microvascular decompression (MVD) by the interposition method for treatment of the condition. From 2010 till 2020, the data of 30 patients with TN due to VBD who were treated with MVD by the interposition method were analyzed retrospectively. The characteristics of the patients were compared with those of patients with non-VBD TN (n = 815). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to determine pain-free survival. The 30 patients (21 males, 9 females; mean age, 63.03 years) accounted for 3.55% of all patients with TN during the study period. In 30 patients, the offending vessel was the basilar artery (BA) in 1 patient, the vertebral artery (VA) in 6 patients, the VA plus the superior cerebellar artery (SCA) in 6 patients, the VA plu...

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY Full Length Article Genetic Diversity Analysis of Morpho-Genetic Traits in Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

Genetic diversity of 113 desi chickpea genotypes was studied through descriptive, principal compo... more Genetic diversity of 113 desi chickpea genotypes was studied through descriptive, principal component and cluster analysis. High variances were observed for days to flowering, maturity, plant height, pods plant-1 , biological yield and harvest index. These traits also showed positive significant correlation with yield which was confirmed through principal component analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first 4 principal components accounted for 71.99% of the total variation. Seed yield, biological yield, pods plant-1 , secondary branches and plant height in chickpea showed positive relation with the first component (PC1). Days to flowering, days to maturity, 100-seed weight showed positive correlation with the second component (PC2). The genotypes were grouped into four clusters using cluster analysis. Genotypes with early flowering and maturity were gathered in cluster I while cluster II showed dominant contribution for grain yield plant-1 , harvest index and number of pods plant-1. The grouping of genotypes would be of practical value to chickpea breeders in identifying the genotype with desired trait for utilization in breeding program for genetic improvement.

Developing Jurisprudential Inquiry Based Learning Model of Teaching Fiqh at Madrasah Tsanawiyah

Al-Ta lim Journal

Learning is the most significant activity in education. Through learning activities, the goals of... more Learning is the most significant activity in education. Through learning activities, the goals of education are achieved. Students’ success in learning mostly depends on their mastery to learn independently and on how they manage their study. The research aims to develop learning model at Madrasah Tsanawiyah, to make the learning process triggers students to be more creative and study better. The method used in the research refers to the nature of Research and Development. The steps of the study are preliminary study, development, and product test. The study found that the development of a jurisprudential inquiry-based learning model for learning Fiqh helps students to improve their learning outcomes. The model has significantly proven effective to support students’ behavior change, thus their achievement increases.

Systematic design of energy efficient extractive distillation column for azeotrope mixture

Energy Procedia

Natural gas liquid (NGL) distillation process using driving force and thermal pinch analysis methods: Energy and economic assessment

Malaysian Journal of Chemical Engineering and Technology (MJCET), 2020

Distillation column is one of the effective unit operations that is commonly used to separate che... more Distillation column is one of the effective unit operations that is commonly used to separate chemical mixtures. The only drawback of this separation process is its huge energy consumption especially for a multicomponent separation process which involves a series of distillation columns. Therefore, an optimal sequence must be determined to address the issue. This research proposes the methodology to determine the optimal sequence of distillation columns by using driving force method. Then, thermal pinch analysis is applied to obtain further energy saving in the process. The case study selected is a distillation process to recover 5-component of natural gas liquid (NGL) mixture. Based on the input data, the driving force sequence is determined first and simulated together with a conventional sequence (direct sequence). Then, the extracted data from the simulation will be used for thermal pinch analysis via problem table algorithm (PTA). From the results of PTA, energy consumption bet...

Enhancing the environmental impact of alarm clock using DFMA and sustainable design analysis

PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)

This study focuses on evaluating a new alarm clock components and function to reduce the necessar... more This study focuses on evaluating a new alarm clock components and function to reduce the necessary quantities and to determine the potential to enhance sustainable design. The project aims to create a new alarm clock to enhance or improvise the alarm clock. To evaluate the built component, the CAD programme is used to create the new alarm clock and then transferred to FEA. The research will lead to understanding the use of CAD tools for the design and study of alarm clock enhancement by carrying out the project. This new approach shows that the tools that are to be used to reduce the cost of creating a new alarm clock and to enhance the environmental aspects of product design are successful.

The trends and projections of greenhouse gas emission by the livestock sector in Malaysia

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy

The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from the livestock sector is a major concern as GHG can contrib... more The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from the livestock sector is a major concern as GHG can contribute to climate change event such as global warming. The country demand for livestock is rapidly increasing, due to population and economic growth. However, in Malaysia, there is still limited studies on GHG assessment from the livestock sector and its projection based on the self-sufficient level under population growth. In this study, the GHG emissions of different livestock were estimated using the livestock population data published in the year 2010–2019, based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Malaysia’s livestock sector is dominated by poultry, swine, non-dairy cattle and goat. The emission is dependent on the livestock species and population. For enteric fermentation, non-dairy cattle accounted for 73.91% of the CH4 emission. For manure management, the main contributors were swine and poultry, accounting for 61.49% and 26.24% of the CH4 emission. Poultry and non-dairy cattle contributed to 63.25% and 20.79% of the direct N2O emission from manure management. Comparatively, enteric fermentation was observed to contribute for more than 50% share of the total CO2-eq emission. The GHG projection was carried out in two scenarios based on the population projection, self-sufficient level and product consumption per capita for the year 2019, 2030 and 2040. The scenario analysis showed that increasing the animal mass by 1% without increasing the livestock population could help in elevating the sufficiency level of food product even with increasing product demand.

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Morpho-Genetic Traits in Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2014

Genetic diversity of 113 desi chickpea genotypes was studied through descriptive, principal compo... more Genetic diversity of 113 desi chickpea genotypes was studied through descriptive, principal component and cluster analysis. High variances were observed for days to flowering, maturity, plant height, pods plant -1 , biological yield and harvest index. These traits also showed positive significant correlation with yield which was confirmed through principal component analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first 4 principal components accounted for 71.99% of the total variation. Seed yield, biological yield, pods plant -1 , secondary branches and plant height in chickpea showed positive relation with the first component (PC1). Days to flowering, days to maturity, 100-seed weight showed positive correlation with the second component (PC2). The genotypes were grouped into four clusters using cluster analysis. Genotypes with early flowering and maturity were gathered in cluster I while cluster II showed dominant contribution for grain yield plant -1 , harvest inde...

Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of Schiff bases

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2019

Five Schiff bases, 2-((3-chlorophenylimino)methyl)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (L1), 2-((2,4-dichlorop... more Five Schiff bases, 2-((3-chlorophenylimino)methyl)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (L1), 2-((2,4-dichlorophenylimino)methyl)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (L2), 5-(diethylamino)-2-((3,5-dimethylphenylimino)methyl)phenol (L3), 2-((2-chloro-4-methylphenylimino)methyl)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (L4), and 5-(diethylamino)-2-((2,6-diethylphenylimino)methyl)phenol (L5) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Three of the compounds (L1, L2, and L4) were analyzed by single crystal X-ray diffraction: L1 and L2 crystallized in orthorhombic P212121 and Pca21 space group, respectively, while L4 crystallized in monoclinic P21/c space group. Theoretical investigations were performed for all the synthesized compounds to evaluate the structural details. Drug–DNA interaction studies results from UV–Vis spectroscopy and electrochemistry complement that the compounds bind to DNA through electrostatic interactions. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was stu...

Olefin Mixture Direct Sequence Energy Retrofitting: Feed Compositions Sensitivity Analysis

Energy Procedia, 2017

The objective of this research is to retrofit the Olefin Mixture (OM) direct sequence and to anal... more The objective of this research is to retrofit the Olefin Mixture (OM) direct sequence and to analyze the sensitivity with respect to the feed composition. In order to perform the study and analysis, a methodology for retrofitting the direct sequence and analyzing the sensitivity with respect to the feed composition was developed. In Stage 1, a short-cut distillation column design method of process simulator (Aspen HYSYS) is used to simulate the direct sequence. The energy used to separate individual component in the base sequence is analyzed and taken as a reference. In Stage 2, an optimal OM sequence is determined using driving force method. All individual driving force curves for all adjacent components are plotted and the optimal sequence is determined based on the plotted driving force curves. Once the optimal OM sequence has been determined, the new optimal sequence is then simulated in stage 3 using short-cut distillation column design method (using Aspen HYSYS), where the ene...

Pengaruh American Israel Public Affairs Committee(AIPAC) dalam kebijakan luar negeri amerika serikat terhadap invasi Amerika Serikat ke Irak pada tahun 2003

Dimensi Islam dan Syariah

Dalam Dimensi Islam adalah mengandungi kandungan, kodifikasi jariah (undang-undang ilahi) dan sek... more Dalam Dimensi Islam adalah mengandungi kandungan, kodifikasi jariah (undang-undang ilahi) dan sekolah agama, Perjalanan Kerohanian Mazlmb Sufi dan Ajaran dan Amalan dalam Teknik Pengajaran Pengamal Mahzab Sufi dan kegunaan perkataan Islam, Iman, Ihsan yang digunakan dalam agama Islam. Dalam subtajuk tersebut membincangkan tentang perjalanan orang agama Islam dari Syariah sampai ke H. Aqiqah dan juga konsep syariah (undang-undang ilahi) yang dijalani dalam Islam. Syariah adalah suatu undang yang perlu dipatuhi oleh orang yang beragama Islam dan ia dibahagi kepada dua bahagian adalah ibadat (persembahan) dan mualamat (transaksi). Dalam konteks itu, juga berbincang tentang pembangunan sekolah agama Islam. Selain itu, perjalanan kerohanian Mazhab Sufi dan ajaran dan Amalan dalam teknik pengajaran pengamal Mahzab Sufi adalah mengenai dengan semangat dan ajaran yang akan seorang agama Islam perlu ada. Di samping itu, perkataan islam(percaya terhadap Islam), iman (percaya terhadap tuhan), ...

VERNAKULARISASI PEMAHAMAN HADIS (Refleksi Wacana Islam Nusantara)

ISLAM TRANSFORMATIF : Journal of Islamic Studies, 2018

The term vernacular is born because of an understanding of religious texts taking into account th... more The term vernacular is born because of an understanding of religious texts taking into account the conditions of the Indonesian Islamic community. This understanding is known as the context of the understanding of hadith which is an effort made by the ulama as one of ijtihad in examining the content of the hadith of the hadith. This is done if there is a hadith that appears to be incompatible with the condition of a society or a certain period of time. The hadith about the leader from the Quraysh tribe and the hadith about not going to succeed in a people if the leadership is left to women is an example of how difficult it is to be applied in Indonesia if it is only understood textually and not understood by a contextual approach. In Indonesia, many hadiths that require new explanations (syarah) in order to be able to uncover various biological essence, using language that is popular and in line with present-day logic, to make it easier to achieve goals. Therefore, Islamic scholars,...

A Study on the Thickening Time of Class F Fly Ash Geopolymer Cement for Oil Well Cementing

With the increasing awareness towards global warming, there is a dire need to develop a green cem... more With the increasing awareness towards global warming, there is a dire need to develop a green cement to replace the conventional Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Geopolymer cement has been identified as a potential replacement for the OPC and its suitability for oil well cementing applications are being studied extensively. The determination of thickening time is crucial for oil well cementing to avoid catastrophic incidents due to premature cement setting. This research investigates the thickening time of class F fly ash based geopolymer cement at different densities (low, medium and high) according to the industrial standards with and without the addition of retarders. Three formulations with different ratios of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) to Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3), molarity of NaOH, Fly Ash to Alkali ratio, and water content were used to come up with cement densities of 11ppg, 15ppg and 17ppg. The thickening time was determined using a High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) consisto...

Aerodynamic data generation and design support for solar UAV : CFD for aircraft loads

SEKSUALITAS DALAM ALQURAN (tinjauan Deskriptif Analitis Ayat-ayat Alquran)

Alquran is the last Holy Book which is sent down by Allah as the Guide Book for whole human-being... more Alquran is the last Holy Book which is sent down by Allah as the Guide Book for whole human-being. It concludes any aspects. Not only for Moslems, Alquran actually also aimed for any creatures in the universe. This is the actual meaning of rahmatan lil ‘âlamiyn (Islam comes as the mercy for all). To prove it, deep researches and develop observations are needed. Especially, it has to be done in Alquran as a main source of Islam. On of the aspect that has explained in Alquran is sexuality. Sexuality in this paper means anything related to sex such as human lust, genitals, and sexual contacts. In Alquran, terms of sexuality are mentioned in many verses in different surahs. This paper purposed to explain the Alquran verses of sexuality. The methodology that applied in this paper is library research with descriptive-analityc approach. Furthermore, this paper was explained by combining alquran exegesis explanation methods; Mawdhu’iy (Thematic) and Comparative (Muqâran). Alquran adalah Kit...

Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Syar’Iyah Sigli Nomor 20/PDT.G/2014/MS-SGI Tentang Pengasuhan Anak

ABSTRAK MUHAMMAD ZUBIR, STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH SYAR’IYAH SIGLI NOMOR 20/Pdt.G/2014/MS-Sgi T... more ABSTRAK MUHAMMAD ZUBIR, STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH SYAR’IYAH SIGLI NOMOR 20/Pdt.G/2014/MS-Sgi TENTANG PENGASUHAN ANAK 2015 Fakultas Hukum Universitas Syiah Kuala (iv,50) pp., bibl., app. AZHARI, S.H., MCL, M.A. Dalam hal pengasuhan anak sering kali para wali memperebutkan hak asuh terhadap anak yang telah meninggal kedua orang tuanya. Salah satunya kasus yang terjadi antara Yuslina sebagai Penggugat dan Saudah sebagai Tergugat. Keduanya saling memperebutkan hak asuh terhadap cucunya yang bernama Haura Zhahira. Putusan Mahkamah Syar’iyah Sigli Nomor 20/Pdt.G/2014/MS-Sgi memutuskan bahwa Penggugat berhak atas hak pengasuhan anak. Dalam memutuskan perkara tersebut hakim hanya mendasari putusannya pada Pasal 156 KHI. Sebenarnya masih ada pasal-pasal lainnya yaitu Pasal 107 KHI, Pasal 33 Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak, dan Pasal 50 Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan yang dapat digunakan hakim sebagai dasar pertimbangan hukum dalam memutuska...

Systematic design of energy efficient extractive distillation column for azeotrope mixture

The last dozen years produced so many articles on the synthesis of separation systems. For distil... more The last dozen years produced so many articles on the synthesis of separation systems. For distillation systems, they can be divided into several types such as ordinary distillation and azeotropic distillation. When designing a separation system for mixtures containing azeotrope(s), ordinary distillation can be considered as not feasible since high purity products cannot be obtained. When designing a distillation based separation process, several problems may occur such as determination of optimal number of plates, optimal location for feed, and optimal reflux ratio. The main objective of this paper is to propose a methodology to design an energy efficient extractive distillation process using driving force approach. The design concept is to design the distillation column system at maximum driving force. At maximum driving force, the energy required for the system will be minimum. A case study of ethanol-water mixture from a literature was selected and investigated. Initially, the l...

Interaction and performance analysis of a ternary mixture distillation process

The objective of this study was to analyse the controllability of a driving force-based distillat... more The objective of this study was to analyse the controllability of a driving force-based distillation columns sequence for the separation a benzene, toluene, and p-xylene mixture. Primarily, a methodology for this study was constructed, which consisted of five hierarchical stages. In the first stage, all possible distillation columns sequences were synthesised. Then, the sequences were simulated under steady state conditions using Aspen HYSYS in the second stage. In the third stage, the input-output interactions of the sequences were analysed by using relative gain arrays (RGA). In the fourth stage, controller parameters were determined. Finally, in the fifth stage, the controllers’ responses were analysed using MATLAB. From this study, it was found that the driving force-based distillation columns sequence has better overall controllability than an alternative sequence.

Thermal pinch analysis application on distillation columns sequence of 5-component alcohol mixture

Distillation column is a well-known unit operation in chemical and petrochemical industries. Howe... more Distillation column is a well-known unit operation in chemical and petrochemical industries. However, large energy requirement has always become major concern to perform the intended separation task. Therefore, heat integration via thermal pinch analysis is proposed for energy saving purpose. This paper provides a methodology for thermal pinch analysis application on distillation columns sequence. The case study selected is distillation process of 5-component alcohol mixture. Based on the input data, 14 possible sequences for distillation columns were firstly simulated. Then, the resulting information such as target temperature, supply temperature and energy from condensers and reboilers have been extracted for thermal pinch analysis. Lastly, the energy requirement from the analysis was then compared for energy saving calculation. Based on the analysis results, 8 out 14 sequences recorded overall energy saving ranging from 1.5 to 36 %. Thus, it can be said that the thermal pinch ana...