Papers by Roxana Marachi, PhD
Teaching in Higher Education, Apr 29, 2020
The Canvas Learning Management System (LMS) is used in thousands of universities across the Unite... more The Canvas Learning Management System (LMS) is used in thousands of universities across the United States and internationally, with a strong and growing presence in K-12 and higher education markets. Analyzing the development of the Canvas LMS, we examine 1) 'frictionless' data transitions that bridge K12, higher education, and workforce data 2) integration of third party applications and interoperability or data-sharing across platforms 3) privacy and security vulnerabilities, and 4) predictive analytics and dataveillance. We conclude that institutions of higher education are currently illequipped to protect students and faculty required to use the Canvas Instructure LMS from data harvesting or exploitation. We challenge inevitability narratives and call for greater public awareness concerning the use of predictive analytics, impacts of algorithmic bias, need for algorithmic transparency, and enactment of ethical and legal protections for users who are required to use such software platforms.
The journal of faculty development, 2009
Children & schools, 2005
... National Association of Social Workers School Safety Interventions: Best Practices and Progra... more ... National Association of Social Workers School Safety Interventions: Best Practices and Programs Ron Avi Astor, Heather Ann Meyer, Rami Benbenishty, Roxana Marachi, and Michelle Rosemond An awareness of the empirical ...
Routledge eBooks, Apr 8, 2014
8 A Goal Theory Perspective on Teachers' Professional Identities and the... more 8 A Goal Theory Perspective on Teachers' Professional Identities and the Contexts of Teaching Robert W. Roeser, Ph. D. Stanford University Roxana Marachi University of Michigan Hunter Gehlbach Stanford University Teachers are at the center of efforts to motivate students to ...
Behaviour Research and Therapy, May 1, 1999
Recent studies have raised concerns about the specificity of self-report measures of depression w... more Recent studies have raised concerns about the specificity of self-report measures of depression with respect to low-end scores. Because of the high face validity of measures such as the Beck Depression Inventory, it is suspected that extremely low scores may reflect individuals who may harbor depressive symptoms or other psychological abnormalities, yet are inclined to 'fake-good', or respond in a socially desirable manner on the BDI. The presence of this phenomenon was tested in a sample of adolescent mothers who were assessed at four time points over 8 years. It was hypothesized that low-scoring mothers (compared with medium- and high-scoring mothers) would have more negative outcomes on a variety of self-report and observational measures of parenting, as well as have children with more negative outcomes on adjustment and behavior. This study employed multiple assessments, multiple informants and multiple domains of functioning. The analyses controlled for the possible effects of social desirability and demographic differences between the depression groups. The hypotheses were not supported. The majority of analyses found no differences between the groups; where differences did exist, there were no indications that the low-scoring group was at a disadvantage to the medium or high scoring groups.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Nov 1, 2014
Much of the research literature on school violence has focused narrowly on individual characteris... more Much of the research literature on school violence has focused narrowly on individual characteristics of troubled youth, without careful examination of contextual factors that might influence violence and victimization in school settings. This dissertation examines issues of school climate and school violence in a nationally representative sample of 10,254 students and 1056 teachers in 164 junior high and high schools in Israel. The research questions are addressed in a multiple manuscript format. The first study examined the associations between Student Participation in Decision-Making in their schools, Teacher Support, and Student Victimization (by students and staff members). Structural equations modeling (Bentler, 1995) was used as the primary method of data analysis for complete dataset analyses, and for group comparisons of patterns between junior high, high school, male, female, and Jewish and Arab students. The analyses revealed strong negative associations between Teacher Support and Student Victimization for all analyses and varying patterns of positive associations between Participation in Decision-Making and Victimization, depending on students' gender and ethnicity. The model explained more variance in the victimization outcomes for boys than for girls and for Arab Students than for Jewish Students. The second empirical study examined teachers' perceptions of the school-wide emphasis on violence prevention, the degree to which teachers/staff ignore violent events that occur at school, and reports of student victimization. The analyses revealed similar findings across all group comparisons. While no direct relation emerged between the Violence Prevention Emphasis at School and Student Victimization, there was an indirect effect through teachers' reports of avoidance of violence. The findings suggest that staff responses to violence play a critical role in prevention efforts. The third manuscript extends the research on student and teacher perceptions of school climate and student victimization by integrating the findings of the two empirical studies and providing an analysis of theoretical and conceptual issues and suggestions for future research. School climate is considered from many different perspectives, with attention to micro- and macro-level influences as well as consideration of the processes and dynamics that relate to violence within the complexity of the school system.Ph.D.EducationEducational administrationEducational psychologyEducational sociologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/123904/2/3106119.pd
Goals, Goal Structures, and Patterns of Adaptive Learning, 2014
8 A Goal Theory Perspective on Teachers' Professional Identities and the... more 8 A Goal Theory Perspective on Teachers' Professional Identities and the Contexts of Teaching Robert W. Roeser, Ph. D. Stanford University Roxana Marachi University of Michigan Hunter Gehlbach Stanford University Teachers are at the center of efforts to motivate students to ...
National Education Policy Center, Feb 4, 2020
CARE-ED, 2020
In this brief, we review the empirical research on the effectiveness of online K-12 education nat... more In this brief, we review the empirical research on the effectiveness of online K-12 education nationwide. We then turn to issues of inequities and injustices in online education, particularly here in California, as well as the push for and risks of technologizing education. Although we raise a number of concerns about online education, we do not recommend rushing to reopen schools because we believe that
decisions about when and how to reopen should be guided by public-health and educational research. While schools are still unsafe to open, there are a
number of ways that schools can better use online platforms. Therefore, we conclude with recommendations for policies and practices for engaging in online education in ways that place priority on remedying the inequities and injustices that are being worsened during the pandemic.
Teaching in Higher Education: Critical Perspectives, Apr 29, 2020
The Canvas Learning Management System (LMS) is used in thousands of universities across the Unite... more The Canvas Learning Management System (LMS) is used in thousands of universities across the United States and internationally, with a strong and growing presence in K-12 and higher education markets. Analyzing the development of the Canvas LMS, we examine 1) ‘frictionless’ data transitions that bridge K12, higher education, and workforce data 2) integration of third party applications and interoperability or data-sharing across platforms 3) privacy and security vulnerabilities, and 4) predictive analytics and dataveillance. We conclude that institutions of higher education are currently ill-equipped to protect students and faculty required to use the Canvas Instructure LMS from data harvesting or exploitation. We challenge inevitability narratives and call for greater public awareness concerning the use of predictive analytics, impacts of algorithmic bias, need for algorithmic transparency, and enactment of ethical and legal protections for users who are required to use such software platforms.
Challenges and Strategies for Prevention and Intervention, 2014
The School Practitioner's Concise Companion to Preventing Violence and Conflict, 2008
This chapter responds to the concerns of school social workers and other school professionals. Sp... more This chapter responds to the concerns of school social workers and other school professionals. Specifically, it highlights best practices in predicting, preventing, and coping with school violence and specific situations, such as conflicts between students, bullying, and violent aggressiveness. It also provides detailed guidance for forming alliances between students, parents and school staff, and for influencing a nonviolent school environment and culture. Finally, this chapter presents information on common types of evidence-based school violence interventions, and describes ways that school social workers and other school professionals can adopt an "entire school" setting approach to violence prevention strategies.
Children & Schools, 2005
An awareness of the empirical knowledge concerning school violence and programs that have been su... more An awareness of the empirical knowledge concerning school violence and programs that have been supported by research is essential for the successful adaptation of school violence prevention programs. Yet, knowledge of national trends and model programs is not sufficient.
Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2007
Much of the research literature on school violence has focused narrowly on individual characteris... more Much of the research literature on school violence has focused narrowly on individual characteristics of troubled youth, without careful examination of contextual factors that might influence violence and victimization in school settings. This study examines the associations among Student Participation in Decision-Making in their Schools, Teacher Support, and Student Victimization (by students and staff members) in a nationally representative sample of 10,254 students in 164 junior high and high schools in Israel. Data were analyzed using structural equations modeling for full group analyses and for group comparisons of patterns among junior high, high school, male, female, and Jewish and Arab students. Across all models, higher levels of teacher support were associated with lower rates of victimization. Participation in Decision-Making was also related to Victimization, with varying patterns depending on students' gender and ethnicity. Theoretical and social cultural factors contributing to these gender and cultural differences are discussed. The general findings are consistent with the research literature on teacher support, however they raise future research questions about culture and gender effects when considering participation and school contexts.
The Journal of Faculty Development, 2009
Universities across the United States are beginning to systematically implement a paradigm shift ... more Universities across the United States are beginning to systematically implement a paradigm shift in the way faculty are expected to teach and how students learn. Moving away from viewing the traditional role of the teacher as one whose primary job is to deliver lessons (fill the ...
School Psychology International, 2007
The present study examines relations between school policy, teacher responses to violence and stu... more The present study examines relations between school policy, teacher responses to violence and students' victimization outcomes as reported by teachers in a nationally representative sample of schools in Israel. Data were analysed using Structural Equations Modeling for the full sample of teachers, as well as group comparisons by school level, gender and ethnic groups. Across all models, violence prevention as a school priority was significantly related to less staff/ teacher avoidance of dealing with violence. In turn, teacher avoidance of student violence related strongly to elevated rates of reported student victimization. The findings indicate that School Violence Prevention (as a policy on its own), does not necessarily translate to less student victimization. It is through the indirect impact on staff/teacher response that student victimization was less likely. This study highlights the importance of school policy in its relation to teachers' actions and student behaviour.
Journal of School Violence, 2002
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1300 J202v01n03_04, Aug 13, 2009
Uploads
Papers by Roxana Marachi, PhD
decisions about when and how to reopen should be guided by public-health and educational research. While schools are still unsafe to open, there are a
number of ways that schools can better use online platforms. Therefore, we conclude with recommendations for policies and practices for engaging in online education in ways that place priority on remedying the inequities and injustices that are being worsened during the pandemic.
decisions about when and how to reopen should be guided by public-health and educational research. While schools are still unsafe to open, there are a
number of ways that schools can better use online platforms. Therefore, we conclude with recommendations for policies and practices for engaging in online education in ways that place priority on remedying the inequities and injustices that are being worsened during the pandemic.