Criminal Law Departement

Land is a vital asset for supporting infrastructure development and national facilities to achieve societal welfare in accordance with the principles of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Article 28H paragraph (1) of the Constitution affirms the right of every individual to have proper housing. The government plays a crucial role in implementing targeted national development programs, with apartment buildings being a solution to the limited urban housing land. The legal basis for the construction of apartment buildings is stipulated in Law No. 16 of 1985, revised by Law No. 20 of 2011, as well as Law No. 1 of 2011 concerning Housing and Residential Areas, and the Omnibus Law. These regulations support the development of apartment buildings for low-income or middle-income communities. Land Management Rights (HPL) significantly influence the construction of apartment buildings for middle-income communities, particularly in the provision of adequate land. Article 17 of Law No. 20 of 2011 and Government Regulation No. 13 of 2021 govern the construction of apartment buildings on land with Land Management Rights (HPL). With appropriate regulations, the construction of apartment buildings can meet the need for proper housing, aligning with the government's goal of achieving general welfare and equitable housing distribution.

This article intends to study and analyze anti-radicalization methods and strategies at Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) and study and explore appropriate policy programs to close the gap for radical understanding to enter UNNES. UNNES, as an educational institution, also cannot escape the potential of radicalism's target in spreading its ideology. To anticipate the entry of a radicalism doctrine both radical right and left radical UNNES has issued several policies. Specifically related to ethics and rules on campus, the Chancellor's Regulation was explained, namely Rector's Regulation No. 44 of 2018 concerning UNNES Student Ethics and Rules (is a substitute for Rector's Regulation No. 19 of 2016 regarding UNNES Student Ethics and Rules). Regarding student communication on social media, UNNES issued Chancellor Regulation No. 11 of 2019 concerning Management of Digital Reputation Synergy of UNNES. To support the Student Ethics and Code of Conduct, a Student Ethics ...

Undang-Undang Terorisme yang berlaku saat ini merupakan undang-undang yang relatif sudah lama. Undang-Undang ini lahir ketika terjadi peledakan Bom Bali 12 Oktober 2002. Usulan revisi Undang-Undang Terorisme ini menguat setiap kali terjadi aksi teror di Indonesia. Secara yuridis formal, terdapat kekurangan-kekurangan yuridis dalam perumusan Undang-Undang Terorisme, namun usulan revisi dari pemerintah tidak menyangkut secara konkrit kekurangan yuridis tersebut. Usulan revisi umumnya terkait dengan penambahan jangka waktu penangkapan dan penahanan. Beberapa usulan sudah dapat dicover dalam rumusan Undang-Undang Terorisme tersebut, sehingga urgensinya masih perlu dielaborasi lebih jauh.

Thus far, prevention of terrorism has always been directed to penal policy that includes formulation/formulative policy, judicial/applicative policy and executive/administrative means. In fact, until now this penal policy has not indicated significant results. The penal policy only touches on the apparent symptoms on the surface, while the root of the problem (the attitude of radicalism) is never touched. Therefore, there should be another alternative to deal with the crime of terrorism that is clearly common enemy of humankind in any hemisphere. This paper tries to find other suggestion of counterterrorism other than those that have been conventionally conducted and even become the main focus in counterterrorism.

The Bali Bombing of October 12, 2002 left a long-standing trauma for the victims as well as the families of the victims. Bali Bombing was really phenomenal, not only because it hit two objects at once, but also the number of the victims was quite fantasticthat is, 203 people. Although it has been a decade ago, but we can still feel the bitterness of the tragedy up to now. Although the tragedy occurred in Indonesia, the majority of the victims actually were the citizens of Australia. The number of the Australians becoming the victims reached 88, followed by Indonesians (38 people). Considering a large number of the victims, we need for a comparative study of the handling of the victims of terrorism that have been done by the Australian and Indonesian government. The objective of this research is to examine and to analyze the patterns and the ways the Australians and Indonesian handlings the victims of the Bali Bombing I, as well as reviewing and exploring the action/policy programs conducted by the governments for the victims as wells as the families of the victims. This research uses three ways of data collection, i.e. library/document study, interviews, and questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed with legal hermeneutics before the conclusions are made.

Cancer stem cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to drive metastatic dissemination in experimental cancer models. However, tumour cells undergoing EMT have not been observed disseminating into the tissue surrounding human tumour specimens, leaving the relevance to human cancer uncertain. Here, we identify an EMT stem cell state that retains EpCAM and CD24 after undergoing EMT and exhibits enhanced plasticity. This afforded the opportunity to investigate whether retention of EpCAM and CD24 alongside upregulation of the EMT marker Vimentin can identify disseminating EMT stem cells in human oral cancer specimens. Examining disseminating tumour cells in the stromal region of 3500 imaging fields from 24 human oral cancer specimens, evenly .

In this present time, the debate about abortion in Indonesia is increasingly crowded. Abortion is also carried out by women - victims of rape to reduce the burden they suffered. The regulation on abortion in Indonesia has been regulated in the statutory regulations, namely the Criminal Code, especially in Article 346, Article 347, Article 348, and Article 349. In the RKUHP (Draft of Criminal Code), abortion regulation is regulated in two chapters namely, Chapter XIV Article 501 and Chapter XIX Articles 589, 590, 591, 592. In addition, the government has also issued several regulations governing abortion such as Government Regulation No. 61 of 2014 concerning Reproductive Health and also Law No. 36 of 2009 concerning health. However, the various regulations that exist between the Criminal Code, RKUHP, PP and the Act actually contradict to each other. There is no synchronization between the regulations regarding abortion by women rape victims. The KUHP and RKUHP clearly do not allow a...

The law became an important instrument of public life in many countries. None of countries in the world can be left out of the formulation of the law to organize the life of society. The big difference in culture and behavior of the state allowed the difference on the formulation of crime from one country to another. In addition, the change of time and civilization also affects the changes and the differences in the perception of people to an act. This is called public relativity view of evil deeds. Relativity of crime is evident in terms of criminalization and decriminalization. In criminalization, an act could be a criminal offense, if it is given a “label” by law and referred to a criminal offense. Criminalization of a new act, generally always associated with retroactive. In the formulation of penal code in many countries, the retroactive is prohibited because it is considered as a violation of human rights which affirm the right not to be prosecuted based on retroactive law. Ne...

Terorisme merupakan salah satu wujud tindak pidana yang berpotensi kuat lintas batas negara (transnational crime) bahkan terorganisasi (transnational organized crime), karena berjejaring dengan kelompok terorganisasi yang berdiam di negara lain. Oleh karena itu guna mengantisipasi terorisme yang berjejaring internasional, konsep Cekal (Cegah-Tangkal) menjadi instrumen yang sangat jitu. Pencegahan merupakan larangan sementara terhadap orang untuk keluar dari wilayah Indonesia berdasarkan alasan keimigrasian atau alasan lain yang ditentukan oleh undang-undang. Sedang penangkalan merupakan larangan terhadap orang asing untuk masuk wilayah Indonesia berdasarkan alasan Keimigrasian Kata kunci: Cegah Tangkal; Terorisme, Imigrasi Pendahuluan Dewasa ini, pergerakan dan lalu lintas manusia tidak hanya terkungkung di seputar satu negaranya saja. Dalam tempo yang sangat singkat, seseorang bisa saja bergerak dari satu negara ke negara lain, bahkan berpindah ke beberapa negara. Kondisi demikian,...

Salah satu fenomena besar yang menggoncang masyarakat Indonesia beberapa waktu ini adalah terungkapnya kelompok Gerakan Fajar Nusantara (GAFATAR). GAFATAR menjadi fenomena yang menarik karena secara yuridis formal, organisasi ini baru berdiri pada tahun 2012, namun jumlah pengikutnya sudah dipastikan mencapai ribuan orang. Disinyalir, GAFATAR merupakan kelanjutan dari Alqiyadah Al-Islamiyah pimpinan Ahmad Musadeq yang beberapa tahun lalu telah dinyatakan bersalah karena penyebaran ajaran sesat. Karena dianggap sebagai metamorfosis dari ajaran sesat tersebut, dan didukung dengan fakta di lapangan yang ada, akhirnya Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) mengeluarkan fatwa bahwa ajaran GAFATAR adalah ajaran sesat yang perlu dilarang Dalam pengembangan lebih lanjut, Kepolisian Republik Indonesia (Polri) mensinyalir adanya simpatisan gerakan radikal yang bergabung dalam GAFATAR ini. Tulisan ini akan menyoroti tentang relasi ajaran GAFATAR dengan gerakan radikal yang dapat mengancam ideologi Panc...

Terrorism and radicalism seem to never go out. The perpetrators of terror and adherents of radicalism have never lost their minds, tactics, and techniques in regenerating themselves. Despite of that, it is alleged that the perpetrators who have undergone a period of guidance (imprisonment/terrorism convicts) are also innecessarily sterile from radical ideologies that have already penetrated their veins and bloodstream. Indonesia is a country with high heterogeneity and multiculturalism. Under these conditions, it is very vulnerable to radicalism and at the same time there are difficulties in deradicalization. At more precarious level, this radicalism will emerge as an act of terrorism. Therefore, the state and all components of society must swiftly contrive various efforts and strategies so that these prisoners can be deradicalized. Thus far, the available legal instruments are mostly focused on repressive efforts (punishment of perpetrators). Whereas the facts represent that these repressive efforts do not necessarily stop radicalism and terrorism. The number of imprisoned perpetrators, in fact, is not inversely proportional to the decline in acts of terrorism in the state. This research is expected to be useful in providing information in understanding the map of radicalism of terrorism convicts (Napiter) in Kedungpane Penitentiary Facility in Semarang.

The case of bullying is now rampant among the public, not only in the community but this case occurs in the world of education. Many underage children are victims of bullying. Various methods were used to minimize the incidence of bullying in schools, and at home including one of the National Commission for Child Protection urged the school to better protect and pay attention to their students. Speaking of child violence, it was found that children could be the subject / actor and object of violence. Children as perpetrators of violence / subject, usually because he has experience as an object of violence itself. Children behave like that as part of imitation or expression of their experiences, whether conscious or not. Violence in children depends on parenting and the pattern of treatment of parents towards children. Child care patterns also greatly affect the child's personality. This parenting style determines how children interact with their parents. Bullying actors will ass...

The university has become an important place in the cultivation of character for generations in many countries. Many universities in the world also apply a variety of systems in making policies to shape the character of campus communities, including students. This study aims to analyze legal and ethical policies for students in fostering an attitude of nationalism and anti-radicalism. This study also aims to describe the various forms of implementation of student ethics policies that are applied in the Faculty of Law, Semarang State University, Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative method with direct data collection through observation and interviews. This study bases its analysis on the theory of the operation of Lawrence M Friedman's law. The results of this study indicate that legal and ethical policies for students are interpreted by a variety of different interpretations both between managers and students. Various cases of inequality of perception lead to pros and cons. ...

Unit of Public Service Agency (PSA Work Unit). UNNES continues to improve itself towards better community service, which is as a Legal Entity State University. Legal Entity State University will have a highly positive impact, especially the autonomy of academic and non-academic administration and management. One of the important efforts in order to achieve the status of UNNES as a Legal Entity State University, it is necessary to form a legal document that is the basis of an organization in the form of a Statute. In the preparation of the Statute, it will not be likely to obtain a suitable Statute without the study and analysis outlined in the Academic Document. Based on this background, this research was based on the formulation of the problem on what is the rationality of the Academic Document that needs to be built, in order to produce a Statute of Legal Entity State University that is suitable for UNNES? And what is the formulation/draft of the Statute of UNNES as a Legal Entity...

Wonosobo and generally the Central Java region as a reflection of tranquil and peaceful society was disturbed over the rampant terrorism that has made the Central Java region as a base for recruiting and regenerating terror. Even in 2006, Nurdin M. Top (JI leader/mastermind of theorists in the country) had been hiding in Wonosobo. History records that the raids were carried out on Noordin M. Top and his accomplices on April 29, 2006 at Binangun Wonosobo. Terror acts always begin with the cultivation of radicalism. For this reason, it is necessary to take preventive measures to counter the spread of these radicalisms. This activity aims to foster a preventive approach in order to counteract the radicalism in the Youth Movement (GP) of Ansor NU Wonosobo Regency towards terrorism and radicalism by fostering a preventive approach in order to counteract radicalism in the people of Wonosobo Regency against terrorism and radicalism, as well as providing input to the government regarding the form of action to take in order to provide legal protection for the people of Wonosobo Regency against terrorism and radicalism. This program is in partnership with the Youth Movement (GP) Anshor PAC, Wonosobo District, Wonosobo Regency, which is one of the Autonomous Organizations of Jamiyyah Nahdlatul Ulama. The activity used the lecture and dialogue method, as well as focused discussion. In addition, it will also use brainstorming method and gathering opinions from the audience, as an effort to extract their initial knowledge regarding Terrorism and Radicalism. From this activity, it is expected that preventive approach will grow to counteract the radicalism entering the society.

This research aims to find a theoretical concept of assessment for students during the Covid-19 pandemic as a follow-up step for assessment activities in obtaining the validity of assessment results. The research method used is qualitative research methods and conducted on ten Public Elementary School Principals with at least 5 years of teaching experience. The purposive sampling method was used to determine the informants. Here focuses on Analyzing the assessment process and the student learning outcomes process through online learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collection techniques, in this study, are observation, interviews, and documentation. To obtain data validity, this study uses triangulation of data collection techniques. The result of this study is an integrated assessment theory concept towards the students during the Covid-19 pandemic. The impact of this study provides a new breakthrough, because it provides a different perspective of assessment by integ...

Criminal law reform is essentially an effort to review and reform (reorientation and reform) criminal law in accordance with the development of the socio-political and socio-cultural values of Indonesian society that underlie social policies, criminal policies and law enforcement policies in Indonesia. Criminal law reforms in the context of improving the penal system are still being carried out. The reform of Indonesian law is currently directed at efforts to reorient the substance of criminal law rules which are considered no longer relevant to the life of the Indonesian people because many evil acts in the optics of society are not considered evil and are prohibited in the optics of positive law. All happened because Indonesian criminal law in general is a legacy from the Dutch, which is culturally different from the culture of Indonesian society which is Eastern-style. If you place the law as a reflection of society, then the current Indonesian criminal law does not reflect this,...

A good and healthy living environment is not only a right, but therein must also have the responsibility to protect and protect as well as manage or preserve it so that it is getting better and healthier every day. One of the environment that must be protected is the forest. Forest is an invaluable natural resource because it contains biodiversity such as timber and non-timber forest products, water management, flood and erosion prevention as well as soil fertility, protection of biological nature for the benefit of science, culture, recreation, tourism and so on. However, recently forests in Indonesia have been degraded in the form of forest fires. The negative impacts caused by forest fires are quite large, including ecological damage, decreased biodiversity, decreased economic value of forests and land productivity, micro and global climate change, and their smoke affects public health and disrupts transportation, including land, rivers, lakes, sea and air. The government has als...