Global Study

Religions have played a significant role in the life and culture of the Chinese people as they have made in any other civilization. The country is the birthplace of Taoism, and Buddhism, which began in India, has always had more followers in China than anywhere else in the world. Together they conforms and support one of the most complex corpus of popular religion. This kind of communal religion still survive into the modern world; more temples were built and expanded in the more relaxed atmosphere 1 after 60's, in different areas of the country more and more village's temples were still at the center of local life and also we will then look at the role temples have played in the redefinition of local, national, and cultural identities in modern China.

Originally called "School of Scholar's" 1 (儒家 / Rújiā) what could be defined as a system of philosophical, ethical and socio-political education that could be taken as a kind of religion and a way of life (without having exactly the characteristics of a religion). Confucianism happen to form an inherent part of the idiosyncrasy and philosophy of Chinese people for centuries like guarantee of harmony and order into the society.

In recent times in China has started a new series of several problems related to aging. The modern world and its characteristics came into China and during the last decades, it has been affecting the traditional relationship between the young people and the elders according to Confucianism, furthermore it has created a new social dynamic where the traditional structure of the Chinese family can be broken meanwhile the government and scholars try to stop and make an effective solution for that problem.

Las religiones han jugado un papel importante en la vida y la cultura del pueblo chino como lo han hecho en cualquier otra civilización. El país es el lugar de nacimiento del taoísmo, mientras el budismo, que comenzó en la India, siempre ha tenido más seguidores en China que en cualquier otro lugar del mundo. Juntos conforman uno de los corpus de religión popular más complejos de la historia. Este tipo de religión comunitaria tan característica de las comunidades chinas de ultramar, aún sobrevive en la China continental, bajo una atmosfera más relajada después de los años 60, se construyeron y ampliaron más templos en diferentes áreas del país, siendo en las aldeas rurales donde el templo aún sirve de centro para la vida local, teniendo un papel en la redefinición de las identidades nacionales y culturales de la China moderna.

La historia y desarrollo de la comunidad china en Venezuela es, en comparación con otros grupos de inmigrantes, muy poco conocida. A pesar de la falta de investigación académica sobre el tema, sabemos que este grupo en particular puede ser destacado por su austeridad, tenacidad y facilidad para hacer negocios. Los chinos en Venezuela al igual que en otras latitudes han formado grupos de prósperas empresas familiares, que se enfocan en el mercado comercial, industrial e incluso agrícola a lo largo de varias olas migratorias ocurridas entre los siglos XIX y XX debido a razones políticas, económicas y sociales.

Intended as a pilot flagship project under the Chinese-led Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has received relatively positive responses from actors in and outside the South Asian region. Islamabad, New Delhi, and Washington have offered their support to the project to varying degrees, because the financial commitments made by Beijing can help narrow the substantial funding gap for regional infrastructure connectivity. Nevertheless, enduring animosity and mistrust between India and Pakistan and growing strategic competition between Beijing and Washington present the biggest challenges to the project’s sustainable progress . Although the unfolding U . S . - China competition has not tangibly affected regional cooperation, as Washington’s enthusiasm for and investment in the U.S .-led Indo-Pacific Economic Corridor (IPEC) remain low compared with China’s down payment , the potential change in the balance of power in South Asia has triggered increasing concern from and collaboration between the United States and India. By highlighting the positive-sum logic of improved infrastructure interconnection as well as greater economic integration, and contributing to a more stable geopolitical environment in South Asia , Beijing can help alleviate the longstanding enmity between India and Pakistan and assuage Washington’s and New Delhi’s skepticism about its strategic intentions.

This article explores China's contemporary energy initiative with the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is one of the largest energy reserves regions. Iran is one of the five natural gas producers and top 10 oil producers in the world-it has an asset of 1/3 of OPEC natural gas reserves. China has initiated the upstream and downstream joint ventures with Iran, banks and backed-loans policies and its companies of national oil are mounting the capacity of energy that will flow from Iran. China's financial potency, zero military installation and limited political involvement in the region gives her a unique balance from its open access to the Iran energy resources. Critically, it is evidenced that the political implications of China's energy gaining strategy, the potential for conflict, cooperation with the US, and the probability of the repositioning of major powers in Iran will give China a unique vantage point in the future. It's an epicenter for US-China rivalry too.

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) offers a massive platform for China and Pakistan to promote regional connectivity, trade growth, and infrastructure development. Pakistan views CPEC not only as an infrastructure and economic development program as well as a key initiative with wide-ranging implications for the country's domestic economy and social makeup, but also a potential "game changer" in the regional situation. However, this project also faces grave internal and external challenges, such as route controversy, militancy, religious extrem-ism, competing narratives, media propaganda, debt-trap accusation, and synergy of institutions. To make CPEC a sustainable project that benefits Pakistan and the whole of South Asia in the long run, both the Chinese and Pakistani governments need to address these challenges through greater transparency of the CPEC projects, as well as more consultation with all stakeholders involved, so as to ease their concerns about the profound implications of the grand project.
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Zahid Khan is a PhD scholar at the Center for Global Studies, Shanghai University. He can be reached at [email protected].

Pakistan’s geographical location is ideal for China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) Project, and it formally recognizes as an iconic model of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) plan. This corridor is laid at the cross intersection of three regions of economic growth include: China, Central Asian Republics and South Asia. It plays a vital role of inter-connectivity between these three regions, where three billions of inhabitants live, which is roughly half of the world population. The central argument of the paper is sternly conceptual and based on the subsequent arguments: foremost, the foundation of CPEC project is a green signal for the regional connectivity, mutual cooperation, economic growth and stability of the entire region of South and Central Asia. Secondly, the topographical position of Pakistan has an incredible potential for corridor development and manipulation process. Thirdly, due to the iconic model of belt and road initiative plan, the CPEC corridor has broad potential for regional economic growth because of shared boundaries and cross intersection position with China, CARs and South Asia. Finally, with the copious fruitful opportunities, this project facades somber challenges internally and outwardly. Hence, this study uses a positive-sum logic to analyze central argument and also discusses the policy inputs that may be prolific for regional growth and reforms of the project.

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a pilot flagship project of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Although this project has been received in a relatively positive manner by actors regionally and worldwide, it has also been subject to serious criticisms in domestic and international publications. These criticisms include the claims that Pakistan might become a colony or province of China, and that Pakistan is faced with a debt-trap as a result of Chinese loans. This article outlines these claims and proceeds to show that neither stands up to close scrutiny. Moreover, the article approach is alienated into two parts; first, looks at how the distinctive criticism propagated by critics whilst secondly, a critical approach is used to debunk all these criticism with the help of respondents’ reactions. Consequently, it may provide few policy recommendations.

The paper examines the construction of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) through corpus-based critical discourse analysis of news in the Pakistani press. Overall, Pakistani newspapers show China as a slogan of "brotherhood" and a stereotype of China's relationship as an "ironic bond" between China and Pakistan. The analysis reveals that a bulk of friendly and positive discourses about China have been constructed in the Pakistani media reports. The role of discourses pertinent to the ideological construction of image of China's mega economic project Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), and CPEC is discussed. However, a deeper insight into the lexical choices of newspapers also suggests that plenty of intricacies and sensitivities are existent in issues pertaining to CPEC and BRI. Muhammad Afzaal ABOUT THE AUTHORS Muhammad Afzaal is a scholar in the field of discourse analysis, corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis. He has written papers on various topics such as critical discourse analysis of media discourses, discourse analysis of newspaper discourses, systemic function linguistic, corpus linguistics, pragmatics and translation studies. His research interest includes any topic related to media discourses, political discourses, or social media discourses. He is currently working as a adjunct researcher in the Institute of Corpus Studies and

Intended as a pilot flagship project under the Chinese-led Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has received relatively positive responses from actors in and outside the South Asian region. Islamabad, New Delhi, and Washington have offered their support to the project to varying degrees, because the financial commitments made by Beijing can help narrow the substantial funding gap for regional infrastructure connectivity. Nevertheless, enduring animosity and mistrust between India and Pakistan and growing strategic competition between Beijing and Washington present the biggest challenges to the project’s sustainable progress. Although the unfolding U.S.-China competition has not tangibly affected regional cooperation, as Washington’s enthusiasm for and investment in the U.S.-led Indo-Pacific Economic Corridor (IPEC) remain low compared with China’s down payment, the potential change in the balance of power in South Asia has triggered increasing ...