In the 1980s stagflation and high unemployment caused a renewed interest in supply side economics... more In the 1980s stagflation and high unemployment caused a renewed interest in supply side economics and in factors determining economic growth. Simultaneously, the 1980s and 1990s have seen a reevaluation of the role of small firms and a renewed attention for entrepreneurship. The goal of this survey is to synthesize disparate strands of literature to link entrepreneurship to economic growth. This will be done by investigating the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth using elements of various fields: historical views on entrepreneurship, macroeconomic growth theory, industrial economics (Porter's competitive advantage of nations), evolutionary economics, history of economic growth (rise and fall of nations) and the management literature on large corporate organizations. Understanding the role of entrepreneurship in the process of economic growth requires the decomposition of the concept of entrepreneurship. A first part of our synthesis is to contribute to the understanding of the dimensions involved, while paying attention to the level of analysis (individual, firm and aggregate level). A second part is to gain insight in the causal links between these entrepreneurial dimensions and economic growth. A third part is to make suggestions for future empirical research into the relationship between (dimensions of) entrepreneurship and economic growth.
A visible sign of slavery was shaved hair and in certain parts of medieval Europe easily identifi... more A visible sign of slavery was shaved hair and in certain parts of medieval Europe easily identifiable clothes. 9 The realm of the Franks (Regnum Francorum, ca 600-900) is by many people considered the starting point of the institutions and cultures of the medieval European forms of government (in particular, for France and Germany). Remnants of the antique culture were retained and changed, which constituted a first stabilizing factor during the confusion of the Great Migration. This stabilization was achieved by creating a closer relation between Roman and German people. The center for political processes was moved from the Mediterranean towards the northwest of Europe.
Denna rapport beskriver och diskuterar vad EU:s ursprungs- och sarartsskydd ar, det vill saga Sky... more Denna rapport beskriver och diskuterar vad EU:s ursprungs- och sarartsskydd ar, det vill saga Skyddad Ursprungsbeteckning (SUB), Skyddad Geografisk Beteckning (SGB) och Garanterad traditionell spec ...
We analyse firm survival and focus on several levels of analysis (both firm level and macro-level... more We analyse firm survival and focus on several levels of analysis (both firm level and macro-level). We employ a unique longitudinal data set, recorded at the firm-level and covering nine complete e ...
Landsbyggdsutveckling, entreprenorer och varumarkesstrategier - en pilotstudie om gardsmejerier i... more Landsbyggdsutveckling, entreprenorer och varumarkesstrategier - en pilotstudie om gardsmejerier i Sverige
The literature in the field of innovation lacks clear definitions of how to classify different ty... more The literature in the field of innovation lacks clear definitions of how to classify different types of innovations and how they are operationalized and measured. This can create problems when inno ...
Kleinunternehmertum : Moglichkeiten und Begrenzungen: Ein Beispiel aus der Auf- und Niedergansgsp... more Kleinunternehmertum : Moglichkeiten und Begrenzungen: Ein Beispiel aus der Auf- und Niedergansgsphase einer Dienstleistungsbransche
Default and Imprisonment for Debt in Sweden : From the Lost Chances of a Ruined Life to the Lost ... more Default and Imprisonment for Debt in Sweden : From the Lost Chances of a Ruined Life to the Lost Capital of a Bankrupt Company
Verwegenes Unternehmertum : Die Einfuhrung und Verbreitung von Gesundheitsresorts, Baderkurorten ... more Verwegenes Unternehmertum : Die Einfuhrung und Verbreitung von Gesundheitsresorts, Baderkurorten und Medizintourismus im fruhen modernen Schweden
In the 1980s stagflation and high unemployment caused a renewed interest in supply side economics... more In the 1980s stagflation and high unemployment caused a renewed interest in supply side economics and in factors determining economic growth. Simultaneously, the 1980s and 1990s have seen a reevaluation of the role of small firms and a renewed attention for entrepreneurship. The goal of this survey is to synthesize disparate strands of literature to link entrepreneurship to economic growth. This will be done by investigating the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth using elements of various fields: historical views on entrepreneurship, macroeconomic growth theory, industrial economics (Porter's competitive advantage of nations), evolutionary economics, history of economic growth (rise and fall of nations) and the management literature on large corporate organizations. Understanding the role of entrepreneurship in the process of economic growth requires the decomposition of the concept of entrepreneurship. A first part of our synthesis is to contribute to the understanding of the dimensions involved, while paying attention to the level of analysis (individual, firm and aggregate level). A second part is to gain insight in the causal links between these entrepreneurial dimensions and economic growth. A third part is to make suggestions for future empirical research into the relationship between (dimensions of) entrepreneurship and economic growth.
A visible sign of slavery was shaved hair and in certain parts of medieval Europe easily identifi... more A visible sign of slavery was shaved hair and in certain parts of medieval Europe easily identifiable clothes. 9 The realm of the Franks (Regnum Francorum, ca 600-900) is by many people considered the starting point of the institutions and cultures of the medieval European forms of government (in particular, for France and Germany). Remnants of the antique culture were retained and changed, which constituted a first stabilizing factor during the confusion of the Great Migration. This stabilization was achieved by creating a closer relation between Roman and German people. The center for political processes was moved from the Mediterranean towards the northwest of Europe.
Denna rapport beskriver och diskuterar vad EU:s ursprungs- och sarartsskydd ar, det vill saga Sky... more Denna rapport beskriver och diskuterar vad EU:s ursprungs- och sarartsskydd ar, det vill saga Skyddad Ursprungsbeteckning (SUB), Skyddad Geografisk Beteckning (SGB) och Garanterad traditionell spec ...
We analyse firm survival and focus on several levels of analysis (both firm level and macro-level... more We analyse firm survival and focus on several levels of analysis (both firm level and macro-level). We employ a unique longitudinal data set, recorded at the firm-level and covering nine complete e ...
Landsbyggdsutveckling, entreprenorer och varumarkesstrategier - en pilotstudie om gardsmejerier i... more Landsbyggdsutveckling, entreprenorer och varumarkesstrategier - en pilotstudie om gardsmejerier i Sverige
The literature in the field of innovation lacks clear definitions of how to classify different ty... more The literature in the field of innovation lacks clear definitions of how to classify different types of innovations and how they are operationalized and measured. This can create problems when inno ...
Kleinunternehmertum : Moglichkeiten und Begrenzungen: Ein Beispiel aus der Auf- und Niedergansgsp... more Kleinunternehmertum : Moglichkeiten und Begrenzungen: Ein Beispiel aus der Auf- und Niedergansgsphase einer Dienstleistungsbransche
Default and Imprisonment for Debt in Sweden : From the Lost Chances of a Ruined Life to the Lost ... more Default and Imprisonment for Debt in Sweden : From the Lost Chances of a Ruined Life to the Lost Capital of a Bankrupt Company
Verwegenes Unternehmertum : Die Einfuhrung und Verbreitung von Gesundheitsresorts, Baderkurorten ... more Verwegenes Unternehmertum : Die Einfuhrung und Verbreitung von Gesundheitsresorts, Baderkurorten und Medizintourismus im fruhen modernen Schweden
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Papers by Karl Gratzer