PhD Student, Classical Archaeology

Muğla ili, Ula ilçesi, Akyaka Beldesi sınırları içinde yer alan Küçük Asartepe yamaçlarında kurulmuş olan Idyma antik şehrinin Azmak kıyısında yer alan Kale bölgesi burçları ve yapı kalıntılarının tarihlendirilmesi, sarnıç, güney yamaç ana kapı girişleri önceki evrelere ait sur duvarlarına ait  belgeleri kapsayan bu yayında Kale'den alınan ve bölgede seramik üretimine dair önemli ipucu barındıran örnekler Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi, Arkeometri Birimi Sayın Doç.Dr. Ali Akın Akyol ve Ankara Üniversitesi Jeoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü Sayın Prof.Dr. Yusuf Kaan Kadıoğlu tarafından incelenmiştir. Makale bu konuda ilk yayını oluşturur. Eserlerin kazısı Muğla Üniversitesi öğretim üyesi Sayın Prof.Dr. Abdülkadir Baran tarafından yapılmıştır. Disiplinlerarası bir çalışmadır.

Idyma antik kenti, günümüzde Muğla ili, Ula ilçesi, Akyaka beldesi sınırları içinde kalmaktadır. Kentin Azmak kıyısında Bizans Dönemi'ne tarihlenen bir kale yapısı yer almaktadır. Idyma Akyaka Kale Kazısı çalışmalarında sarnıç sistemi, ana kapı girişleri, kuleler ve farklı fonksiyonlarda kullanıma sahip mekanları kapsayan kale mimarisini oluşturan öğelerden kalenin inşa ve kullanım evrelerini gösteren seramik buluntuları ele geçmiştir. Idyma Kalesi'nin modern seyyah ve araştırmacıların da belirttiği üzere Roma Dönemi yerleşim alanının üzerine kurulduğu ve kentin bu bölgesinde yerleşimin 8. yüzyıla kadar devam ettiği Roma Dönemi'ne tarihlenen İtalyan, Kıbrıs ve Doğu Sigillataları ile Afrika, Foça Kırmızı Astarlı seramikleri, Knidos kökenli ve yerel/bölgesel kökenli seramikler üzerinden kanıt bulmaktadır. Seramik buluntular yapının bulunduğu alanın Roma Dönemi'nde kullanımını göstermesi ve kronolojiye bağlı olarak kentin ticari ilişkiler kurduğu merkezlerin değişimini göstermesi açısından da önemlidir.

This paper aims to present glaze ceramics recovered from ST (South Trench), A4 (Area 4), and Op.54 (Operation 54) trenches of Gordion in Phrygia. As a working method, instead of casting the finds of each trench separately, grouping them according to form characteristics under the technical features indicated by the glazes and decorations was preferred. It is observed that the ceramic groups discussed in this study are similar in terms of fabric and form. There is also a similarity with the finds from Amorium Upper City, Karacahisar Castle and its surroundings, Anaia, Pergamon, and Ephesus. Although more detailed analysis is required regarding the production locations of the ceramics discovered, Gordion and its nearby geography have a high potential to be a production center. Pottery sherds unearthed from the contexts of Gordion excavations enable us to obtain data about the location and purposes of use of the settlement in the Principalities Period. The article's purpose is to examine the socioeconomic identity of the local people of Gordion through this data. The main premise of the research is the problem of determining the chronological gaps (hiatus) seen after the Late Antique Period in Gordion and determining the exact chronology of the settlement continuity through the vessel forms belonging to the Principality Period.

This article aims to evaluate the commercial interaction of the
Black Sea region through the distribution of amphorae by typological
study of imported amphoras dating back to the Roman imperial
period. The 35 imported commercial amphorae from the Roman
period, recovered from the sea or foundation excavations and
purchased by the Sinop Museum, are indicators of the commercial
potential of the Black Sea coast and the chronological importance of
this potential. It is very important to trace the commercial activity and
maritime trade routes of the Black Sea coast in the ancient period
through the amphora finds examined in this article. Publication of the
amphorae in Turkish museums is essential to represent economic
history of the regions. These artifacts were found sporadic not via
scientific excavations, they are still important in terms of evaluating
the role of the Anatolian Peninsula in the Mediterranean-Black Sea-
Aegean-Eastern Mediterranean trade. In this study, Brindisi, Sicilian
Tubular, Dressel 1, Lamboglia II, Carrot Formed, DR 2-4, Late
Rhodian, DR 24 similis, Kapitän II, Zemer 41, Augst 46, LRA 1, LRA 2
and LRA 4 amphorae were examined. With the borders of the Roman
Empire reaching the Levant, the change taking place in the Eastern
Mediterranean was also reflected in the Black Sea Region. The close
commercial ties of the Black Sea Basin with the Mediterranean Region,
the establishment of many new cities, especially after the Black Sea
came under Roman rule, and the establishment of civil or military
colonies in existing cities are closely related to the imports during the
Roman period. Ancient Sinope is known to have been located on an
active maritime route since the 8th century BC. The amphorae
analyzed in this article show that the city maintained its importance
during the Roman imperial period.

Kekova Island is located in today's Antalyaprovince and within the borders of Demre county. It islocated in Central Lycia within the borders of the Ly-cian Region in Antiquity. The Kekova Island, whichruns parallel to the coast, is located on the maritimetrade route extending from Egypt to Rome. Numeroustrade amphoras found underwater in studies conductedin the Kekova region clearly demonstrate the intensityof overseas trade in this region. Rhodian amphoraeforming a group of amphoras found by us in underwa-ter survey investigations between 2012-2017 is the ma-terial of our study. In this study, in particular Rhodianamphoras, the trade relationship between Rhodian andLycia, which has been in the commercial for many yearsover the sea, has been evaluated.

Cnidus, southwest of Anatolia is located at the tip of the peninsula called as the
Datça Peninsula or Reşadiye, was known as the Cnidus Peninsula in Antiquity. The city, which is located within the borders of the Carian Region has two harbors with commercial and military. Together with its two harbors, the city is an important port of call on the Eastern Mediterranean trade route starting from Egypt. The aim of this study is to research the maritime activities of the region with the underwater researches carried out in and around the city, to determine the underwater cultural property and to contribute to the clarification of the relations with other civilizations in maritime trade. In this context, the ports have played an important role in the historical process of the city until its abandonment. The studies carried out between 2015 and 2017 were a continuation of the activities carried out in 2014. The studies were continued by adding two different regions to the ongoing underwater researches.
As a result of these investigations conducted in the areas called as Aslanlı Burun and Kap Krio, a large number of amphorae were identified. When these amphorae were classified, it was determined that they belonged to ten different types and nine different origins dating to various periods. In this scope, Samos and South Aegean Origined Mushroom Mouth Amphorae dating from the earliest period are of Aegean and Islands origin, while the late samples AE 5-6 and LR 1 are amphorae of Egypt and Cilicia. Apart from these amphoras, the amphorae of Cnidus, Rhodian, Chios, Dressel 20 and Africa II are the other types of amphorae determined in this study.

Cnidus, southwest of Anatolia is located at the tip of the peninsula called as the Datça Peninsula or Reşadiye, was known as the Cnidus Peninsula in Antiquity. The city, which is located within the borders of the Carian Region has two harbors with commercial and military. Together with its two harbors, the city is an important port of call on the Eastern Mediterranean trade route starting from Egypt. The aim of this study is
to research the maritime activities of the region with the underwater researches carried out in and around the city, to determine the underwater cultural property and to contribute to the clarification of the relations with other civilizations in maritime trade. In this context, the ports have played an important role in the historical process of the city until its abandonment. The studies carried out between 2015 and 2017 were a continuation of the activities carried out in 2014. The studies were continued by adding two different regions to the ongoing underwater researches.