Papers by Albert Salamanca
The Philippines has substantial experiences in coastal resources management (CRM). Since the mid-... more The Philippines has substantial experiences in coastal resources management (CRM). Since the mid-1970s, there have been at least 200 projects undertaking different aspects of coastal resources management from community education/organizing, livelihood, advocacy, marine protected area planning to policy development and research. The growth is phenomenal. The onset of several large projects with funding from bilateral and multilateral donors played a key role in its increase. Today, the management of the country's coastal resources has used different approaches from integrated coastal management to community-based coastal resources management to co-management and to integrated area development. The key themes in all these approaches are integration across diverse sectors and uses of coastal resources and the involvement of communities and the government in coastal resources management. Central to this development is the role formal institutions play in shaping the domain through which CRM prospered. There are key developments in the institutional arena that led to its phenomenal growth in the Philippines. Foremost among these developments is the Constitution of 1987, which, aside from specifying three modes of utilization of resources, spurred the enactment of important pieces of legislation that supports CRM. Secondly, the interest which the United Nations Convention on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 engendered on integrated coastal resources management worldwide and the subsequent acceptance of bilateral and multilateral donors of their importance. Thirdly, another factor leading to the growth of CRM in the Philippines is the presence of a diverse number of local NGOs, who are in the forefront of experimenting various aspects of CRM in the Philippines, and the availability of NGO funding mechanisms. Finally, CRM flourishes in the Philippines due to the opportunities provided by the government through its policies to involve communities and other civil society actors in pursuing its mandates as manifested in important legislation's providing for community participation. The aim of this paper is to show the growth of CRM in the country, the factors that are thought to have played crucial roles, the formal institutions that underpin its development, and the issues that need to be addressed for CRM to fully succeed.
Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, Sep 26, 2012
The urban environment has a profound influence on how people live, work and play; conversely, tha... more The urban environment has a profound influence on how people live, work and play; conversely, that environment is continually being re-shaped by shifts in lifestyles and patterns of consumption. Human well-being and health, in turn, are both outcomes of urban environments and drivers of further urban change. This paper reviews the evidence for links between urban environments, physical activity and food consumption, and obesity. It finds that there is modest, but far from universal, support for an emerging set of propositions that a sustainable and healthy urban environment is one which has: well connected, walkable and cyclable streets; public green spaces; compact and modular organization with mixed landuses; and a healthy food environment. Although a lot of research has been carried out on some pathways, the evidence-base for many other relationships is weak and transferability of findings across countries or cultural contexts is unclear. Fortunately, many on-going urban initiatives are underway providing a good base for future studies of the effects on the ground.
Assessing the challenges and needs of a locality is an important aspect of adaptation action. Thi... more Assessing the challenges and needs of a locality is an important aspect of adaptation action. This scoping assessment presents an overview of the needs of small islands in Indonesia in adapting to the impacts of climate change and climate variability. The assessment was conducted in September to October 2011 with the assistance of local NGOs and peoples organisations in Indonesia. The assessment conducted several focus group discussions, key informant interviews, meetings and observations in Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat and Nusa Tenggara Timur. Several important insights emerged. For instance, although the National Action Plan Addressing Climate Change or Rencana Aksi Nasional dalam menghadapi Perubahan Iklim (RAN-PI) was adopted in 2007, its implementation has been generally poor. In 2012, the Government of Indonesia started drafting a new adaptation strategy.
The urban environment has a profound influence on how people live, work and play; conversely, tha... more The urban environment has a profound influence on how people live, work and play; conversely, that environment is continually being re-shaped by shifts in lifestyles and patterns of consumption. Human well-being and health, in turn, are both outcomes of urban environments and drivers of further urban change. This paper reviews the evidence for links between urban environments, physical activity and food consumption, and obesity. It finds that there is modest, but far from universal, support for an emerging set of propositions that a sustainable and healthy urban environment is one which has: well connected, walkable and cyclable streets; public green spaces; compact and modular organization with mixed landuses; and a healthy food environment. Although a lot of research has been carried out on some pathways, the evidence-base for many other relationships is weak and transferability of findings across countries or cultural contexts is unclear. Fortunately, many on-going urban initiatives are underway providing a good base for future studies of the effects on the ground.
Society & Natural Resources, 1999
The authors discuss how the fisher community and the government shared responsibility over time f... more The authors discuss how the fisher community and the government shared responsibility over time for regenerating and conserving fishery resources in San Salvador Island, Philippines, and rose above the obstacles associated with a de facto open-access fishery. The article highlights the creation, management and impact on ecosystem health, both natural and human, of a marine reserve and sanctuary. It examines key events and arrangements during three distinct phases: pre-project (before 1989), project phase (1989-1993), and post-project (1994-1998).
Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2012
ABSTRACT
Critical Asian Studies, 2011
Coastal Management, 2008
Fisheries co-management as an alternative to centralised command and control fisheries management... more Fisheries co-management as an alternative to centralised command and control fisheries management is often suggested as a solution to the problems of fisheries resource use conflicts and overexploitation. Various researchers have talked of the importance of studying the role of transaction costs between different intitutional arrangements for managing fisheries resources. There have howerver been no attempts to verify empirically by measuring the transactions costs involved in fisheries management This paper provides some measurements of the transaction costs under a fisheries co-management system. The transaction costs can be categorised into three major cost items. These are (1) information costs, (2) collective fisheries decision-making costs, and (3) collective operational costs. The transaction costs of fisheries co-management in San Salvador Island, Philippines is presented. The method of collecting information about transactions cost of fisheries co-mangement had not be attempted anywhere before. Information on the cost of a wide range of transaction costs variables were collected. The costs are used to assess the relative importance of the various transactions costs in a co-managed and a 1 centrally managed system. The difference in the transaction costs between a centraly manged and a co-managed system is used as a basis for public policy decisions on the choice of alternative institutional arrangemens for managing a fishery.
... Pomeroy, RS, RB Pollnac, BM Katon and CD Predo. ... 2 Apr-Jun 2003 30 articles Stock evaluati... more ... Pomeroy, RS, RB Pollnac, BM Katon and CD Predo. ... 2 Apr-Jun 2003 30 articles Stock evaluationand development of a breeding programfor common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Karnataka, India: progress of a research project Y. Basavaraju, DJ Penman and GC Mair Abstract ...
Knowing the cost of investment in coastal resources management (CRM) is important especially in u... more Knowing the cost of investment in coastal resources management (CRM) is important especially in understanding the cost of undertaking one and ascertaining whether the outcomes are worth the money spent. In the Philippines, various CRM projects have already been initiated and no studies have tried to account for the total level of investment. This paper provides an estimate of money spent or invested on CRM in the Philippines and examines the investment per km 2 of coral reefs.
Uploads
Papers by Albert Salamanca