Papers by Nigel Linge
Computing & Control Engineering Journal, 1997
Proceedings of the eighth ACM international symposium on Advances in geographic information systems - GIS '00, 2000
... Keywords Mobile GIS, Context Aware, Intranet GIS ... Here the focus of the MOST research was ... more ... Keywords Mobile GIS, Context Aware, Intranet GIS ... Here the focus of the MOST research was to detail the impact of mobility on computer systems having ODP, rather than the impact of user defined context aware mobile GIS application. ...
The growth in wireless and mobile communications technologies of- fers many new opportunities for... more The growth in wireless and mobile communications technologies of- fers many new opportunities for museums who are constantly striving to im- prove their overall visitor experience. There is considerable interest in the use of context-aware services to track visitors as they move around a museum gal- lery so that exhibit information can be delivered and personalised to the visitor. In

International Journal of Distributed and Parallel systems, 2012
Computers in such environments work in the background while establishing connections among them d... more Computers in such environments work in the background while establishing connections among them dynamically and hence will be less visible and intrusive. Such a vision raises questions about how to manage issues like privacy, trust and identity in those environments. In this paper, we review the technical challenges that face pervasive computing environments in relation to each of these issues. We then present a number of security related considerations and use them as a basis for comparison between pervasive and traditional computing. We will argue that these considerations pose particular concerns and challenges to the design and implementation of pervasive environments which are different to those usually found in traditional computing environments. To address these concerns and challenges, further research is needed. We will present a number of directions and topics for possible future research with respect to each of the three issues.
Proceedings 24th Conference on Local Computer Networks. LCN'99, 1999
This paper details the initial development of a unique microcellular wireless network based on IE... more This paper details the initial development of a unique microcellular wireless network based on IEEE 802.11 compliant equipment. Cellular design considered a free space propagation model supplemented with results from field tested equipment. This model was then used to determine the signal strength that may be achieved in a variety of different environments by applying a classical propagation loss model.
Microprocessors and Microsystems, 1985
Microprocessors and Microsystems, 1986
IEE Proceedings - Communications, 1996

IEEE Transactions on Education, 2006
This paper addresses the challenge of developing techniques for the effective teaching of compute... more This paper addresses the challenge of developing techniques for the effective teaching of computer network design. It reports on the experience of using the technique of problem-based learning as a key pedagogical method for teaching practical network design within the context of a Master's program module in data telecommunications and networks at the University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester, U.K. A two-threaded approach was adopted that comprised a problem-based learning thread and a conventional lecture thread. The problem-based learning thread within the module comprised sessions designed to place the students in the position of network design consultants who are introduced to scenarios that have a high degree of realism in which a client has specific business requirements that can be met through the adoption of a network solution. In this way, the problem-based learning thread allows the students to develop their design skills, while the lecture thread uses traditional teaching methods to allow students to develop their understanding of key network components and architectures. A formal evaluation of this approach has been carried out and demonstrated a very effective and realistic learning experience for the students. Therefore, the authors propose that problem-based learning is an ideal pedagogical tool for the teaching of computer network design.
IEEE Pervasive Computing, 2000
ABSTRACT Energy-monitoring technologies with persuasive interfaces could inspire sustainable-ener... more ABSTRACT Energy-monitoring technologies with persuasive interfaces could inspire sustainable-energy lifestyles in the home. The Digital Home Energy Management System (Dehems) project is a wide-scale, government-policy-driven system deployment based on user-driven innovation methodology that assesses user experiences and preferences early on. This approach lets the system provide more value to domestic-energy consumers and effect positive behavior change. Drawing on their experience in developing and deploying the pilot Dehems system and engaging with householders, the authors specify design concerns and the challenges for domesticating energy-monitoring technologies.
Proc. PGNet 2006, 7 …, 2006
The growth in wireless and mobile communications technologies is facilitating the development of ... more The growth in wireless and mobile communications technologies is facilitating the development of a new range of location based information services. Such services offer many new opportunities for organisations such as museums who are constantly striving to improve their overall visitor experience. There is considerable interest in the use of location based services to track visitors as they move around a museum gallery such that information can be delivered that adds value to the exhibit on view. In addition exhibit information can be personalised to the visitor using aspects of their context that relate to their museum visit.
This year (2015) the mobile phone celebrates its 30th birthday in the UK. But while the physical ... more This year (2015) the mobile phone celebrates its 30th birthday in the UK. But while the physical handset may take centre stage,
where would it be without that all important supporting cast, the mobile network? Andy Sutton and Nigel Linge explore the evolution of the mobile network architecture from 1G to 4G and onwards to 5G.

Iet Communications, 2007
Denial of Service Attacks represent a major threat to modern organisations who are increasing dep... more Denial of Service Attacks represent a major threat to modern organisations who are increasing dependent upon the integrity of their computer networks. This paper presents a new approach to combating such threats by introducing active routers into the network architecture. These active routers offer the combined benefits of intrusion detection, firewall functionality and data encryption and work collaboratively to provide a distributed defence mechanism. The paper provides a detailed description of the design and operation of the algorithms used by the active routers and demonstrates how this approach is able to defeat a SYN and SMURF attack. Other approaches to network design, such as the introduction of a firewall and intrusion detection systems, can be used to protect networks however, weaknesses remain. Within the paper it is proposed that the adoption of an active router based approach to protecting networks overcomes many of these weaknesses and therefore offers enhanced protection.
International Workshop on Ubiquitous Computing, 2004
Museum Management and Curatorship, 2012
Multimedia guides are an increasingly common feature within museums and galleries where they prov... more Multimedia guides are an increasingly common feature within museums and galleries where they provide enhanced levels of interpretation and engagement. Their potential is well recognised in the literature and ongoing technological advances will ensure that their capabilities continue to expand. A key issue for many museums and galleries is to understand the practical realities of developing and operating a multimedia guide to truly realise its potential. In this article, we discuss our experiences developing the mi-Guide multimedia visitor guide at the Museum of Science and Industry (Manchester, UK) and share our experiences of the technical, digital design, content authorship and non-technical, people-related issues that need to be understood and addressed.
When Dr Martin Cooper of Motorola walked along Sixth Avenue in New York on 3 April, 1973, he ente... more When Dr Martin Cooper of Motorola walked along Sixth Avenue in New York on 3 April, 1973, he entered the history
books by becoming the fi rst person to make a mobile phone call. But this is just part of the story. Nigel Linge and
Andy Sutton examine the past, present and future of mobile technology.
Conference Presentations by Nigel Linge

Cellular communications has fundamentally changed the way people communicate and access informati... more Cellular communications has fundamentally changed the way people communicate and access information in the 21st Century. From a UK perspective the foundations of this evolution can be traced back to the launch of the UK’s first mobile phone network on the 1st January 1985. The urban environment impacts radio propagation necessitating a greater density of base stations for coverage however also capacity given the density of people within these places. As the urban landscape is constantly changing there is a friction with the cellular network, a new building may block radio signals and/or add new capacity demands, demolition of a building may cause radio interference. In suburban and rural areas there are similar problems plus some unique ones; trees can block signals however this is more likely in summer during and after rainfall due to leaves on trees, therefore taller towers are required. Areas of outstanding natural beauty require base stations to be designed to blend in. Even heritage of buildings has this impact in that you need to design the antennas to be visually blended. Therefore landscape and space play a key role in determining the form and design of a cellular installation; this chosen form then influences the efficiency and upgradability of the cellular network itself. Over its 30 year history the cellular network has undergone many transformations as a result and these will be examined in this presentation. Space, place, and landscape in the history of communications,
Presentation was delivered at a symposium at the Weston Library, University of Oxford on Tuesday 16 June 2015.
Books by Nigel Linge

In 1985, the seeds of a revolution were sown in the UK when people were first able to communicate... more In 1985, the seeds of a revolution were sown in the UK when people were first able to communicate using one of the most remarkable items of personal technology to have been developed – the mobile phone. The authors, both acknowledged experts in this field, explore the origins of the mobile phone in the UK and its evolution over the following thirty years. Throughout the book they analyse the background developments, such as the licensing of new networks, the emergence of new data services and the technical evolution through TACS, GSM, UMTS and LTE as well as the development of text messaging and the integration of the mobile with the web. Alongside this, the authors explore the design and technical changes to the handsets, including the integration of cameras, the emergence of apps and the trend-setting influence of the iPhone. Ranging from 1G through to the current 4G networks, this book tells you everything you need to know about the development of the mobile phone in the UK. Available from Amberley, Amazon and all good on-line retailers.
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Papers by Nigel Linge
where would it be without that all important supporting cast, the mobile network? Andy Sutton and Nigel Linge explore the evolution of the mobile network architecture from 1G to 4G and onwards to 5G.
books by becoming the fi rst person to make a mobile phone call. But this is just part of the story. Nigel Linge and
Andy Sutton examine the past, present and future of mobile technology.
Conference Presentations by Nigel Linge
Presentation was delivered at a symposium at the Weston Library, University of Oxford on Tuesday 16 June 2015.
Books by Nigel Linge
where would it be without that all important supporting cast, the mobile network? Andy Sutton and Nigel Linge explore the evolution of the mobile network architecture from 1G to 4G and onwards to 5G.
books by becoming the fi rst person to make a mobile phone call. But this is just part of the story. Nigel Linge and
Andy Sutton examine the past, present and future of mobile technology.
Presentation was delivered at a symposium at the Weston Library, University of Oxford on Tuesday 16 June 2015.