Computing in Civil and Building Engineering (2014), 2014
DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of t... more DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:
Parametric modeling is a well-established methodology in the field of mechanical engineering. It ... more Parametric modeling is a well-established methodology in the field of mechanical engineering. It allows for the creation of flexible geometric models using parameters for dimensions and makes it possible to define numeric relationships between these parameters by means of mathematical formulas and define geometric-topological constraints between geometric entities. The result is a flexible geometric model that can be steered through the manipulation of its primary parameters. In contrast to explicit geometric models with fixed dimensions, a parametric model can capture the design intent and represent domain knowledge. The use of parametric modeling techniques is particularly beneficial for designing bridges. This is because the geometric design of bridges is mainly determined by external constraints resulting from the size and the layout of both the overlying and the undercrossing carriageway. This reduces the effort required for reworking when changes are made, while simultaneously providing a high degree of reusability for the model in other, similar projects, resulting in significantly increased efficiency in the bridge design process. Because of the strong fragmentation of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, the data exchange between the different participants in a construction project is of crucial importance. The use of neutral, open data formats has proved to be the most suitable approach to realize this data exchange. However, currently existing neutral data formats do not allow for an exchange of parametric geometry. To overcome these technical limitations, this paper introduces an extension to the IFC-Bridge format, thus providing a means of interchanging parametric bridge models. This article describes in detail the necessary entities introduced to define parameters and capture dimensional and geometric constraints. The suitability of the developed extensions is proved by presenting the successful transfer of parametric bridge models between two parametric design systems as well as from a design system to a structural analysis system.
Flexible mass customization of buildings is still in its infancy. Current systems for the automat... more Flexible mass customization of buildings is still in its infancy. Current systems for the automated support of owner-driven configuration management are limited with regard to the degree of freedom they offer to end-users. In this paper we present and discuss a constraint definition and verification system that allows the architect to specify boundary conditions within which the client can vary the design. The required constraint grammar is presented and applied to a real-world building code. A 2D floor plan prototype is tested to reveal the methodological and technical issues to be solved to make a step forward.
... of 3DUIs. Based on a modular structure, VRAMs program architecture allows theeasy extension o... more ... of 3DUIs. Based on a modular structure, VRAMs program architecture allows theeasy extension of functionality. The application ... main I/O channels. In this article, we will primary focus on the functionality of the virtual modeller. ...
Currently, only a limited number of dedicated data models for infrastructural artefacts exist. To... more Currently, only a limited number of dedicated data models for infrastructural artefacts exist. To cover information exchange and interoperability requirements, a number of international initiatives have been started under the umbrella of the buildingSMART organization to extend the predominant IFC model. In this paper, we are introducing a lightweight approach that allows the flexible extension of the IFC model with RDF vocabularies and ontologies. Using real-world quay wall models from the port of Rotterdam we show how information from multiple networked data sources can be seamlessly integrated with IFC models as the main carrier of geometric representation. We demonstrate how these semantically enriched models can be used with unmodified legacy software systems to facilitate a number of interoperability scenarios throughout different lifecycle phases.
This paper describes the motivation and problem statements as well as the ongoing investigations ... more This paper describes the motivation and problem statements as well as the ongoing investigations regarding the follow-up activities of the 3D Pilot NL.
community consists of almost 600 people coming from over 100 organisations. The activities of the... more community consists of almost 600 people coming from over 100 organisations. The activities of the 3D Pilot cover two phases: an explorative phase, carried out between January 2010 and June 2011 and an implementation-oriented phase, finished at the end of 2012. The major achievement of the first phase was the establishment of a national 3D standard. This standard is embedded in a formal information model, called "Information Model Geography" (IMGeo). IMGeo contains definitions of 2D large-scale representations of
DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of t... more DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:
In this paper we present the ongoing development of a framework for a domain specific, open query... more In this paper we present the ongoing development of a framework for a domain specific, open query language for building information models. The proposed query language is intended for selecting, updating and deleting of data stored in Industry Foundation Classes models. Even though some partial solutions already have been suggested, none of them are open source, domain specific, platform independent and implemented at the same time. This paper provides an overview of existing approaches, conceptual sketches of the language in development and documents the current state of implementation as a prototype plugin developed for the open source model server platform bimserver.org. We report on the execution of example test-cases to show the general feasibility of the approach chosen.
In this paper, we propose to extend SPARQL functions for querying Industry Foundation Classes (IF... more In this paper, we propose to extend SPARQL functions for querying Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) building data. The official IFC documentation and BIM requirement checking use cases are used to drive the development of the proposed functionality. By extending these functions, we aim to 1) simplify writing queries and 2) enhance query abilities to retrieve useful information implied in 3D geometry data according to requirement checking use cases. Extended functions are modelled as RDF vocabularies and classified into groups for further extensions. We combine declarative rules with procedural programming to implement extended functions. Real use cases and building models are used to demonstrate the value of this approach and indicate query performance. Compared with query techniques developed in the conventional Building Information Modeling domain, we show the added value of such approach by providing an extended application example of querying building and regulatory data, where spatial and logic reasoning can be applied and data from multiple sources are required. Based on the development, we discuss the applicability of proposed approach, current issues and future challenges.
Ordnungssysteme sind im Bauwesen ein wichtiges Mittel, um Bedeutungen von Begriffen eindeutig fes... more Ordnungssysteme sind im Bauwesen ein wichtiges Mittel, um Bedeutungen von Begriffen eindeutig festzulegen und zu strukturieren, damit sie von allen Beteiligten konsistent verwendet werden. In ihrer bewahrten Form als Texte und Tabellen sind sie fur den Gebrauch von Experten bestimmt, um eindeutige und verbindliche Spezifikationen, Anforderungen und Absprachen uber Bauwerke, ihre Bauteile sowie deren Eigenschaften zu erstellen. Fur den Einsatz im Kontext von Building Information Modeling konnen sie in maschinenlesbarer Form zu semantischen Auszeichnung von Modellobjekten verwendet werden und so den Informations- und Datenaustausch weiter harmonisieren. In diesem Kapitel werden die Grundlagen, Anwendungen und technischen Umsetzungen verschiedener Ordnungssysteme vorgestellt und erlautert.
Usage, Usability, and Utility of 3D City Models – European COST Action TU0801, 2012
The development and maintenance of the infrastructure, facilities, logistics and other assets of ... more The development and maintenance of the infrastructure, facilities, logistics and other assets of the Port of Rotterdam requires a broad spectrum of heterogeneous information. This information concerns features, which are spatially distributed above ground, underground, in the air and in the water. The data are managed in a variety of data models with varying levels of dimensionality, granularity, accuracy and upto-dateness. Additionally increasing number of 3D design models is becoming available. This complexity of tasks and diversity of information challenges the Port authority to look for more advanced 3D solutions. This paper presents research in progress related to developing a 3D SII in support of information and process management within the Port of Rotterdam.
One of the classic problems identified in the interdisciplinary use of Building Information Model... more One of the classic problems identified in the interdisciplinary use of Building Information Models (BIM) is the different representation requirements regarding topology (Eastman 1999). Although this problem has been addressed in several modeling efforts (Augenbroe 1995) the most widely spread BIM to date (IFC) does not bridge one of the essential gaps, namely that between geometry-centered (used by most generic CA(A)D applications) versus topological space-centered models (used by energy performance tools). Based on a previously developed Description Logic representation of the IFC model notated in OWL (Beetz, de Vries, van Leeuwen 2005), we describe the ongoing development of an online reasoning service to demonstrate the practical use of the Semantic Web tool chain in the AEC domain context. This reasoning service is part of a demonstration scenario in which energy performance estimates based on the ESP-r package are integrated into the architectural design process mediated by a multi agent system. In this paper we demonstrate how to infer spatial relations of a geometry-centered building model instance exported from standard packages. The approach we propose can be used in various scenarios where translation between different representations and mappings of other information are necessary. While these transformations and mappings are well understood and have been proven feasible in other research and developments (Bazjanac 2004, Treeck 2004), the uniqueness of our approach lies in the computational modularization of some aspects of this process and its integration into emerging technologies of the Semantic Web. Chaining these kind of semantically enhanced reasoning service modules together, future domain application developers might be relieved of implementing some of the cumbersome aspects when integrating their tools into the design and decision making process.
5 Catenda Norway 1,2 cita.karch.dk 3,4 http://www.ds.arch.tue.nl/ 5 http://catenda.no 1,2 {martin... more 5 Catenda Norway 1,2 cita.karch.dk 3,4 http://www.ds.arch.tue.nl/ 5 http://catenda.no 1,2 {martin.tamke|morten.myrup}@kadk.dk 3,4 {J.Beetz|T.F.Krijnen}@tue.nl 5 dag.fjeld.edvards In recent years, Building Information Models have become commonplace in building profession. The extensive use and increasing experience with BIM models offers new perspectives and potentials for design and planning. A recent stakeholder study conducted by the authors of this paper show that in practice models are no longer solely observed as culmination of knowledge in a 3d representation of future built structures, but as a source of information in itself. Experienced users of BIM want to Find Information within a model or across a set of these and Compare models in order to evaluate states of a model, differences in separate models or models from different point of time. Current BIM tools support both modes only in a rudimentary form. This paper discusses current modes of information query within and across BIM models, shows beneficial scenarios for building and planning practice through customised queries and exemplifies these on the base of a scripted tool. This customized approach is used to test approaches for a machine-based assessment of Level of detail and BIM-readiness in BIM models.
Proceedings of CIB W78, 2013 - 30th International Conference on Applications of IT in the AEC Industry, 2013
Long-term preservation of information about artifacts of the built environment is crucial to prov... more Long-term preservation of information about artifacts of the built environment is crucial to provide the ability to retrofit legacy buildings, to preserve cultural heritage, to ensure security precautions, to enable knowledge-reuse of design and engineering solutions and to guarantee the legal liabilities of all stakeholders (e.g. designer, engineers).
Efforts for the digital preservation of information have come a long way and a number of mature methods, frameworks, guidelines and software systems are at the disposal of librarians and archivists. However, the focus of these developments has primarily been on textual and audio-visual media types. With the recent paradigm shift in architecture and construction from analog 2D plans and scale models to digital 3D information models of buildings, long-term preservation efforts must turn their attention to this new type of data. Currently, no existing approach is able to provide a secure and efficient long-term preservation solution covering the broad spectrum of 3D architectural data, while at the same time taking into account the demands of institutional collectors like architecture libraries and archives as well as those of the private sector including building industry SMEs, owners, operators and public stakeholders. In this paper, an overview of the challenges of the multi-faceted domain of digital preservation in the built environment is provided. As a contribution to possible solutions to these challenges, the roadmap of the FP7 ICT-2011-9 project “DURAARK - Durable Architectural Knowledge” is presented. Initial preliminary results of the interdisciplinary working groups within this project ranging from the ingest and storage of voluminous sets of low-level point-cloud data from laser scans to semantically consistent descriptions of heterogeneous building products and their long-term preservation are introduced and discussed.
Computing in Civil and Building Engineering (2014), 2014
DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of t... more DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:
Parametric modeling is a well-established methodology in the field of mechanical engineering. It ... more Parametric modeling is a well-established methodology in the field of mechanical engineering. It allows for the creation of flexible geometric models using parameters for dimensions and makes it possible to define numeric relationships between these parameters by means of mathematical formulas and define geometric-topological constraints between geometric entities. The result is a flexible geometric model that can be steered through the manipulation of its primary parameters. In contrast to explicit geometric models with fixed dimensions, a parametric model can capture the design intent and represent domain knowledge. The use of parametric modeling techniques is particularly beneficial for designing bridges. This is because the geometric design of bridges is mainly determined by external constraints resulting from the size and the layout of both the overlying and the undercrossing carriageway. This reduces the effort required for reworking when changes are made, while simultaneously providing a high degree of reusability for the model in other, similar projects, resulting in significantly increased efficiency in the bridge design process. Because of the strong fragmentation of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, the data exchange between the different participants in a construction project is of crucial importance. The use of neutral, open data formats has proved to be the most suitable approach to realize this data exchange. However, currently existing neutral data formats do not allow for an exchange of parametric geometry. To overcome these technical limitations, this paper introduces an extension to the IFC-Bridge format, thus providing a means of interchanging parametric bridge models. This article describes in detail the necessary entities introduced to define parameters and capture dimensional and geometric constraints. The suitability of the developed extensions is proved by presenting the successful transfer of parametric bridge models between two parametric design systems as well as from a design system to a structural analysis system.
Flexible mass customization of buildings is still in its infancy. Current systems for the automat... more Flexible mass customization of buildings is still in its infancy. Current systems for the automated support of owner-driven configuration management are limited with regard to the degree of freedom they offer to end-users. In this paper we present and discuss a constraint definition and verification system that allows the architect to specify boundary conditions within which the client can vary the design. The required constraint grammar is presented and applied to a real-world building code. A 2D floor plan prototype is tested to reveal the methodological and technical issues to be solved to make a step forward.
... of 3DUIs. Based on a modular structure, VRAMs program architecture allows theeasy extension o... more ... of 3DUIs. Based on a modular structure, VRAMs program architecture allows theeasy extension of functionality. The application ... main I/O channels. In this article, we will primary focus on the functionality of the virtual modeller. ...
Currently, only a limited number of dedicated data models for infrastructural artefacts exist. To... more Currently, only a limited number of dedicated data models for infrastructural artefacts exist. To cover information exchange and interoperability requirements, a number of international initiatives have been started under the umbrella of the buildingSMART organization to extend the predominant IFC model. In this paper, we are introducing a lightweight approach that allows the flexible extension of the IFC model with RDF vocabularies and ontologies. Using real-world quay wall models from the port of Rotterdam we show how information from multiple networked data sources can be seamlessly integrated with IFC models as the main carrier of geometric representation. We demonstrate how these semantically enriched models can be used with unmodified legacy software systems to facilitate a number of interoperability scenarios throughout different lifecycle phases.
This paper describes the motivation and problem statements as well as the ongoing investigations ... more This paper describes the motivation and problem statements as well as the ongoing investigations regarding the follow-up activities of the 3D Pilot NL.
community consists of almost 600 people coming from over 100 organisations. The activities of the... more community consists of almost 600 people coming from over 100 organisations. The activities of the 3D Pilot cover two phases: an explorative phase, carried out between January 2010 and June 2011 and an implementation-oriented phase, finished at the end of 2012. The major achievement of the first phase was the establishment of a national 3D standard. This standard is embedded in a formal information model, called "Information Model Geography" (IMGeo). IMGeo contains definitions of 2D large-scale representations of
DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of t... more DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:
In this paper we present the ongoing development of a framework for a domain specific, open query... more In this paper we present the ongoing development of a framework for a domain specific, open query language for building information models. The proposed query language is intended for selecting, updating and deleting of data stored in Industry Foundation Classes models. Even though some partial solutions already have been suggested, none of them are open source, domain specific, platform independent and implemented at the same time. This paper provides an overview of existing approaches, conceptual sketches of the language in development and documents the current state of implementation as a prototype plugin developed for the open source model server platform bimserver.org. We report on the execution of example test-cases to show the general feasibility of the approach chosen.
In this paper, we propose to extend SPARQL functions for querying Industry Foundation Classes (IF... more In this paper, we propose to extend SPARQL functions for querying Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) building data. The official IFC documentation and BIM requirement checking use cases are used to drive the development of the proposed functionality. By extending these functions, we aim to 1) simplify writing queries and 2) enhance query abilities to retrieve useful information implied in 3D geometry data according to requirement checking use cases. Extended functions are modelled as RDF vocabularies and classified into groups for further extensions. We combine declarative rules with procedural programming to implement extended functions. Real use cases and building models are used to demonstrate the value of this approach and indicate query performance. Compared with query techniques developed in the conventional Building Information Modeling domain, we show the added value of such approach by providing an extended application example of querying building and regulatory data, where spatial and logic reasoning can be applied and data from multiple sources are required. Based on the development, we discuss the applicability of proposed approach, current issues and future challenges.
Ordnungssysteme sind im Bauwesen ein wichtiges Mittel, um Bedeutungen von Begriffen eindeutig fes... more Ordnungssysteme sind im Bauwesen ein wichtiges Mittel, um Bedeutungen von Begriffen eindeutig festzulegen und zu strukturieren, damit sie von allen Beteiligten konsistent verwendet werden. In ihrer bewahrten Form als Texte und Tabellen sind sie fur den Gebrauch von Experten bestimmt, um eindeutige und verbindliche Spezifikationen, Anforderungen und Absprachen uber Bauwerke, ihre Bauteile sowie deren Eigenschaften zu erstellen. Fur den Einsatz im Kontext von Building Information Modeling konnen sie in maschinenlesbarer Form zu semantischen Auszeichnung von Modellobjekten verwendet werden und so den Informations- und Datenaustausch weiter harmonisieren. In diesem Kapitel werden die Grundlagen, Anwendungen und technischen Umsetzungen verschiedener Ordnungssysteme vorgestellt und erlautert.
Usage, Usability, and Utility of 3D City Models – European COST Action TU0801, 2012
The development and maintenance of the infrastructure, facilities, logistics and other assets of ... more The development and maintenance of the infrastructure, facilities, logistics and other assets of the Port of Rotterdam requires a broad spectrum of heterogeneous information. This information concerns features, which are spatially distributed above ground, underground, in the air and in the water. The data are managed in a variety of data models with varying levels of dimensionality, granularity, accuracy and upto-dateness. Additionally increasing number of 3D design models is becoming available. This complexity of tasks and diversity of information challenges the Port authority to look for more advanced 3D solutions. This paper presents research in progress related to developing a 3D SII in support of information and process management within the Port of Rotterdam.
One of the classic problems identified in the interdisciplinary use of Building Information Model... more One of the classic problems identified in the interdisciplinary use of Building Information Models (BIM) is the different representation requirements regarding topology (Eastman 1999). Although this problem has been addressed in several modeling efforts (Augenbroe 1995) the most widely spread BIM to date (IFC) does not bridge one of the essential gaps, namely that between geometry-centered (used by most generic CA(A)D applications) versus topological space-centered models (used by energy performance tools). Based on a previously developed Description Logic representation of the IFC model notated in OWL (Beetz, de Vries, van Leeuwen 2005), we describe the ongoing development of an online reasoning service to demonstrate the practical use of the Semantic Web tool chain in the AEC domain context. This reasoning service is part of a demonstration scenario in which energy performance estimates based on the ESP-r package are integrated into the architectural design process mediated by a multi agent system. In this paper we demonstrate how to infer spatial relations of a geometry-centered building model instance exported from standard packages. The approach we propose can be used in various scenarios where translation between different representations and mappings of other information are necessary. While these transformations and mappings are well understood and have been proven feasible in other research and developments (Bazjanac 2004, Treeck 2004), the uniqueness of our approach lies in the computational modularization of some aspects of this process and its integration into emerging technologies of the Semantic Web. Chaining these kind of semantically enhanced reasoning service modules together, future domain application developers might be relieved of implementing some of the cumbersome aspects when integrating their tools into the design and decision making process.
5 Catenda Norway 1,2 cita.karch.dk 3,4 http://www.ds.arch.tue.nl/ 5 http://catenda.no 1,2 {martin... more 5 Catenda Norway 1,2 cita.karch.dk 3,4 http://www.ds.arch.tue.nl/ 5 http://catenda.no 1,2 {martin.tamke|morten.myrup}@kadk.dk 3,4 {J.Beetz|T.F.Krijnen}@tue.nl 5 dag.fjeld.edvards In recent years, Building Information Models have become commonplace in building profession. The extensive use and increasing experience with BIM models offers new perspectives and potentials for design and planning. A recent stakeholder study conducted by the authors of this paper show that in practice models are no longer solely observed as culmination of knowledge in a 3d representation of future built structures, but as a source of information in itself. Experienced users of BIM want to Find Information within a model or across a set of these and Compare models in order to evaluate states of a model, differences in separate models or models from different point of time. Current BIM tools support both modes only in a rudimentary form. This paper discusses current modes of information query within and across BIM models, shows beneficial scenarios for building and planning practice through customised queries and exemplifies these on the base of a scripted tool. This customized approach is used to test approaches for a machine-based assessment of Level of detail and BIM-readiness in BIM models.
Proceedings of CIB W78, 2013 - 30th International Conference on Applications of IT in the AEC Industry, 2013
Long-term preservation of information about artifacts of the built environment is crucial to prov... more Long-term preservation of information about artifacts of the built environment is crucial to provide the ability to retrofit legacy buildings, to preserve cultural heritage, to ensure security precautions, to enable knowledge-reuse of design and engineering solutions and to guarantee the legal liabilities of all stakeholders (e.g. designer, engineers).
Efforts for the digital preservation of information have come a long way and a number of mature methods, frameworks, guidelines and software systems are at the disposal of librarians and archivists. However, the focus of these developments has primarily been on textual and audio-visual media types. With the recent paradigm shift in architecture and construction from analog 2D plans and scale models to digital 3D information models of buildings, long-term preservation efforts must turn their attention to this new type of data. Currently, no existing approach is able to provide a secure and efficient long-term preservation solution covering the broad spectrum of 3D architectural data, while at the same time taking into account the demands of institutional collectors like architecture libraries and archives as well as those of the private sector including building industry SMEs, owners, operators and public stakeholders. In this paper, an overview of the challenges of the multi-faceted domain of digital preservation in the built environment is provided. As a contribution to possible solutions to these challenges, the roadmap of the FP7 ICT-2011-9 project “DURAARK - Durable Architectural Knowledge” is presented. Initial preliminary results of the interdisciplinary working groups within this project ranging from the ingest and storage of voluminous sets of low-level point-cloud data from laser scans to semantically consistent descriptions of heterogeneous building products and their long-term preservation are introduced and discussed.
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Papers by Jakob Beetz
Efforts for the digital preservation of information have come a long way and a number of mature methods, frameworks, guidelines and software systems are at the disposal of librarians and archivists. However, the focus of these developments has primarily been on textual and audio-visual media types. With the recent paradigm shift in architecture and construction from analog 2D plans and scale models to digital 3D information models of buildings, long-term preservation efforts must turn their attention to this new type of data. Currently, no existing approach is able to provide a secure and efficient long-term preservation solution covering the broad spectrum of 3D architectural data, while at the same time taking into account the demands of institutional collectors like architecture libraries and archives as well as those of the private sector including building industry SMEs, owners, operators and public stakeholders.
In this paper, an overview of the challenges of the multi-faceted domain of digital preservation in the built environment is provided. As a contribution to possible solutions to these challenges, the roadmap of the FP7 ICT-2011-9 project “DURAARK - Durable Architectural Knowledge” is presented. Initial preliminary results of the interdisciplinary working groups within this project ranging from the ingest and storage of voluminous sets of low-level point-cloud data from laser scans to semantically consistent descriptions of heterogeneous building products and their long-term preservation are introduced and discussed.
Efforts for the digital preservation of information have come a long way and a number of mature methods, frameworks, guidelines and software systems are at the disposal of librarians and archivists. However, the focus of these developments has primarily been on textual and audio-visual media types. With the recent paradigm shift in architecture and construction from analog 2D plans and scale models to digital 3D information models of buildings, long-term preservation efforts must turn their attention to this new type of data. Currently, no existing approach is able to provide a secure and efficient long-term preservation solution covering the broad spectrum of 3D architectural data, while at the same time taking into account the demands of institutional collectors like architecture libraries and archives as well as those of the private sector including building industry SMEs, owners, operators and public stakeholders.
In this paper, an overview of the challenges of the multi-faceted domain of digital preservation in the built environment is provided. As a contribution to possible solutions to these challenges, the roadmap of the FP7 ICT-2011-9 project “DURAARK - Durable Architectural Knowledge” is presented. Initial preliminary results of the interdisciplinary working groups within this project ranging from the ingest and storage of voluminous sets of low-level point-cloud data from laser scans to semantically consistent descriptions of heterogeneous building products and their long-term preservation are introduced and discussed.